The Columbian. (St. Helens, Columbia County, Or.). (St ... · prepared for the combing, carding,...
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y 7" YOL. IIT. ST. HELENS, COLUMBIA COUNTY, OREGON, SEPTEMBER 8, 1882: NO. 5. An I migrant JI )s's Story. j i i i " c A singular life history was involved in an adjudication filed yesteiday by Judge Ashman, of the Orphans' Court, in the estate of John Naulty, deceased. Mr. Naulty was widely known in business circles in North and South America, and in Europe. He died at Buenos Avers in January, 1S7U, leaving an estate valued at! 8."00',000. lie came to this country fibm Ireland about sixty years ago. He was a boy seeking his fortune. He ap- prenticed himself to a tanner in this city. Before he was of ag his master failed. His niiis'er conceived the idea of going to South America to engage in the trflio in hides and wood. Young Naulty accompanied him. When Naulty came btck to New York he said that he had bejen successful beyond his hopes. He deposited as a nest egg $50 of his savings arid went South again with a decent working capital. He engaged in the work of. cattle-raising- and wool and hide exporting. In time he purchased a alieep ranch in Buenos Ay res, miles in extent, and employed a Philadelidii.in to superintend ihe the rearing of his Hocks. 'His brother Domnick, and his mother arrived in this country about VI years after John. The latter, who was then growing rich, sc-- nt a generous draft to his brother, with instructions to buy home for his mother.. A Lome was purchased in West Philadelphia, and Domnick and his mother lived there to- gether until a few years ago, when Mrs. Naulty moved to Greensburg, where she died, in her ninety-sevent- h year. John Naulty came North only at inter- vals of years. He did not remain in this city at any time for a longer period than four months, except during the Centen- nial year. He quietly purchased con-sidera- blj real estate here, that now has grown to be worth about $70,000. He acquired consideiable property in New York, also in other cities. He made frequent trips to Europe, both for busi- ness and pleasure. He was identified with the house of S. B. Hale k Co., and his visits North were frequently to con- sult them. His bankers were W. W. DeForest Co., of New York, to whomjhe sent large sums for investment. At the time of his death they held in his name $120,000 in government securities. He was a man of great reticence, and few-wer- e acquainted with Lis affairs. He conducted all his business matters, how- ever, with the nicest method and the suA&i fccruuulous regard for right. When he lav upon his death-be- d lie Raul: "I owe no man a dollar, save for service in this last illness." He lived altogether in Buenos Ayres about 41 years. He had no relatives there, but many friends, and he always spoke of it as home, and even when here, with his mother arid among his kindred, longed to get back. He was never mar-rie- l, but his life was not without its epi- sode cf love. Years ago he edncated a beautiful girl who was to be his bride. He sent her abroad to the finest sehoolsl She ripened into an accomplished as well as beautiful women. Then he came to claim fulfillment of her promise. His hair was gray; he might have been his affianced's father. His bride-elec- t could never fulfill her pledge. She had met another, younger, fairer. She had fallen in love with him. She was to marry him, though he had not a dollar. The old man gave up all his claim. "Marry," he said, "and God bless you." When his will was opened the name of the bride, whom he had educated for another, was found there, kindly remembered. . He was wandering always. He was shipwrecked many times. He lost as well as made fortunes. In a letter to Mrs. William Conn, a cousin, to whom he was much attached, he once wrote: "I am sitting upon the shore at Montevideo looking at a ship and cargo, in which my all is invested, burning to the water's edge. Some drunken sailors have reck- lessly caused this disaster. If my insur ances in London have not been elfected then I (to not own the coat on my back." The insurances, however, were all right, and the rnin which seemed to be pending was averted. Once he was stricken down in the streets of Bio Janeiro with typhoid fever. He was known to no one. Charles J. Harrah, of this city, happened to be in the city, and learning that the stricken man was an American or a European hastened to his assistance. He learned the sick man's name from a bill of exchange which he found in the man's hat band. The bill was drawn on au English bank, and called for A'COOO. Mr. Naulty was re- moved to a hospital and nursed back to health by bisters of Charity. Upon his last visit to Philadelphia he deetz-oye- d three basketsful of letters the gathering of ."0 years. Among them were notes for thousands of dollars that had become outlawed, ire was suffer- ing then with softening of the brain. His memory was becoming impaired. Mrs. Conn, at whose house he was stay- ing, begged hiai not to go South again. "But I must go," he said, "I want to see my friends again; j most settle . up my affairs," "And you will come back when!" "I cannot say; perhaps soon. How much I have traveled! I have still a long voy- age, and I cannot tell what is before me." He sailed on his 63d birthday in a furi- ous storm. The voyage was unusually long, and when Mr. Naulty arrived at Buenos Ayres his health was shattered. He recovered somewhat, but soon de- clined again, and in a year he died. He was buried in Buenos Ayres. He had made a will in this city, dis- posing of his North American property. He wrote it Himself, and-- a wrangle fol- lowed on the question of interpretation. A duplicate was found in his trunk, that was more clearly stated, and helped to secure an adjustment of the difficulty by compromise. After a number of in- dividual bequests, the property is given to Domnick Naulty. The will disposing of the South American estates was writ- ten by a notary in! Spanish. It gave tho bulk of that estate to Mr. Naulty 's aiother for life. She, at her death, gave it to her son Domnick. De Forest k Co. were made distributors of John Naulty's property. Tho question before Judge Ashman was as to! whether the estate in North America was liable to collateral inheritance tax. After reviewing all the circumstances and considering the tech- nical questions that arose, tho judge de- cided in the negative. Tho estate in Buenos Ayres hasjnot been settled. Farmers Years A so. rjfty Fifty years ago farmer depended al- most entirely upon the products of their farms for the supply of their tables, and largely for their clothing. A writer in the Boston Journal .thus sketches the raising of the raw material for garments and the process of manufacturing them at the farm housed Every farmer kept a Hock of sheep and wool constituted a large proportion of the clothing of the family. It was carded, spun and woven at home, and made into garments for both sexes. The best clothes for the men and boys were niade of what war called "fulled cloth." This was made; at home of the liuest material, and taken to the mills known as "fulling mills'wbere it was put through a process of thickening, dyeing aud fin- ishing. The women used to wear gowns of cloth called "pressed woolen." This was simply home-mad- e flannel, taken to the mills above named and there pressed so as to present a glossy surface. Every farmer had a small patch of tlax. This was pulled and spread out in rows on the ground, f "rotted," ami then "broken" and "swinged," and was thus prepared for the combing, carding, and the "little wheel,' as the machine was called on which the tlax wrs spun, todis tingnish it from the larger machine for spinning wool. j It was woven into cloth for table-cover- s, toweling, sheeting and shirting. Tho "tow," gwb ich was the coarse portion combed out on the "hetehel," was spun into a coarse yarn,! of which a cloth was made for Summer Uuits for men and boys. The tow skirt, so commonly worn, was when new, an instrument of torture to the wearer, as it was full of prickling spines left fioui the woody part of the stalk. The tailor of tie I days, with his goose, traveling fro ouse to house to make ap the clothes, "or tho men and boys or to cut and..Jt them for the gossiping "tailoress" to complete is not known to the present generation. IMsjdpated Mies. "Them ar flies is old topers, ever one of em said a Dock street beer-arawe- r. as he handed over a glass of the foaminsr beverage to a thirsty reporter every newspaper office has a thirstv reporter. IPS, tuey are topers, ne spoke up, as he drew the reporter's attention to a swarm of flies that were regaling them selves in a trough from the drippings of a 6pigot. "Now, what I tell you is the truth; them ar' 11 ids drink a pint of beer every day, and then they g.j aud s )ber up. See that netting over those pictures? Well, the flies come down and fill up; then they shut one eye like a drunken fellow going for j lamp post, and start for that netting. Sometimes they don't make it, and fall to the iloor, where they lie until they sober up. You're laughing," put in the bar chemist. "I am not," re- plied the reporter; "I am .taking it all in." "Well, they stick their feet in the holes in the mosquito retting, and sort o' tangle their legs around it. You see they feel prett' limber, so 'taint ,no trouble, and,, theyj hang till the bugle passes out of their heads. That's so.' Do j'ou know I've . got jan idea some of those pesky dies go out aud bring in their friends? Them flies drink a pint of beer a day; that's over a gallon a week. Now there's over a million flies on that netting how much does it take to make each one tight? Here's a slate," and the beer slinger handed it to the reporter to figure it out. Just then the clock struck four, and ten thousand of the topers started to the beer 'trough with a whirr, to take a nip before supper. Some of them drank long and deep, and then lay upon their backs and kicked vigorongly. f Philadelphia Record. Sanitary I spection of House. Lewis Angell, Sanitary Inspector West Hum, in Essex, an outlying dis- trict of London, says, in illustration of the prevalence of j sanitary defects even in the best houses,! and of the need of thorough inspection, that in the civic palaces of the Lord Mayor of Loudon, "three quarters of j an inch of floating fungi scurf was recently found on the surface, and three-eight- s of an inch of mud at the bottom ;of the cistern, while a bottle of water on his lordship's table contained hundreds of nematoid worms." Offensive mud arid animal organisms were also found in! the cistern of the Athenjoum Club, St. James. We habit- ually defv disease) when we leave the doors of our closets open and the window j shut. The reverse: ought to be the prac- tice. He believes j that sanitary science should be put on a par with literary and mathematical studies in the schools, and tnat public and official inspection should be provided for everywhere, the expense in the cate of new buildings to be met by f ?es charged upon the owners and builders, who expect to derive a m-of- it from them. He commends what has been done in Chicago in the official in- spection of tenements, aud the official j supervision of plumbing that has re- cently ! been adopted in New York. j j A conspicuous increase is noted in ', the importation of j foreign wares. The j entries of dry goods alone for July at i New York City foot up $11,370,040. ; I A Ba3 Scrape. One of the most terribly awful things that ever was occurred .Friday at the Sunday-scho- ol picnic giVen at; Boyle's Gr jvp, west of the city. It was a warm day and everybody wore as few clothes as decency and health would permit. One couple from this city went to the picnic all bedecked in their spotless linen, swiss, etc. In some unaccount- able way the couple very nice couple they are, too strayed a little ways off from the rest of the flock and sat down upon a log and looked at tho cows and dandelions, and talked about what kind of a house they were going to have when they got married. All went as merry as a sleigh bell at a ehmvari until a big red-heade- d ant crawled down the girl's back, just where she couldn't reach him. When first she felt the sensation she thought it was the strong arm o! the young man beside her, and she didn't kick. Presently it dawned upon her that it might not be her beau, whom she suspected was trying to keep her from falling by holding hia arm about her gentle waist, so she looked around. The horrible truth flashed upon her and she began to squirm and scream. The young man was of conrse very much frightened, thinking, perhaps, she had seen a mouse and, would faint on his bands. Between screams she told him what ailed her. Here was the ticklish point what would he do? He could not leave the dear girl to tho mercy of the ant and listen to her piercing shrieks, nor did he feel like ram- ming his hand down liex back and haul- ing up the dread monster by the fetlock, but something had to be done, and very quickly, too. Pulling olf his coat and rolling up his sleeve he made a dive for the enemy lurking in the ambush, and lunching off a choice spar rib. He suc- ceeded in ripping tho lady's garments from Gehenua to breakfast on the first effort. After a protracted chase, and just as he was about to give up in de- spair he espied the animal, and the way he slapped it against her architecture nearly paralyzed the frame-wor- k. The blow was hard enough to have knocked a pound of Peoria butter off its feet. Of course the ant was ready to bo laid out aud kiln-drie- d in j bread-dough- , or palmed off for reasoning in fruit cake. It made its-mar- in the world and left it upon t e back of its last sad resting place. The unhappy pair fixed up the maiden all forlorn tho best they knew Low and started for home. When they reached tho camp, the other picnickers all looked' suspi- ciously and wise at them. Some even went so far as to say, "Cow hooked you, or did you stumble over a blackberry patch ?" Others wondered if tnev hadn't been struck by a cyclone, or tried to fall up a tree. When the girl's mother came to tne iront sue wanteu to Kin tne young man, and chased him 11 over tho grove with a piece of custard pie, and wouldn't listen to an explanation. Whv she chased him we can't guess. That young man s life has been a burden to him ever since, and when he sees anybody com ing he looks wild out of his eyes and talks mad, and shrinks away like a frisky creditor. He says that if he ever goes to another picnic he hopes that he will know it, and if his girl was being swal- lowed by an ant he wouldn't pull her out to save her life. She says that her young life has been blasted like an early tomato, and tnat she is going to Normal, or curl up and die. Bloomingtou Eve In- - us (r al Education. T a n r--i i rouneen years ago Ji.zra a wealthy resident of Ithaca, N. Y. .found- ed Cornell University. He was a self- - made man, and his main object in estab- lishing tho institution was to provide poor young men with the means of get- ting an education. Many of his plans were visionary, but there was nothing theoretical in the establishment of a vol- untary labor system, by which those without funds earn enough, in their leisure during the term and in the long summer vacation, to pay for their tui- tion and board. The standard of admis- sion was low;?r than at the other colleges and a wide' liberty was given to the stu- dent in the choice of especial studies. Dormitory buildings were provided for those who chose to reside on tho Univer- sity grounds, but the student was al- lowed some what of the freedom given to the German undergraduate and could live in the town if he desired. Work was paid at a low rate, but any vouth with a strong physique could earn enough to support himself. The opemnx? year of the University witnessed a largo number of students, the majority being of slender means and compelled to work for their support. Tuition was nominal, only $30 a year, while food was cheap. There were ex- cellent profess .rs, many of whom adopt- ed the German system of lectures, in preference to the" old-tim- e method of text-boo- k recitation. There was mnch life, vigor and enthusiasm in the work. Gradually the character of the students changed. More of the wealthy class applied for admission, and the former simplicity was lost Manual labor fell into disrepute ; the University farm lan- guished ; women were admitted to the institute aud granted equal privileges with the men ; many gifts were received from generous men', but nearly all were for buildings and equipments very few for the endowment of professorships. The founder's endowment comprised uieny umi.er laiuiin ine west. wiiicn or several years the University was financially crippled. and great parsimony was shown in the payment of professors. Many of the best men left, and their places were filled by tutors fresh from their studies. The cost of tuition was raised from $30 to $75 per year, and the voluntary labor system was dropped. The number of students had been steadily declining, and these tneas- - i tires, so alien to the spirit of the found- er's plans, served to swell the defection, until now the number of students is not near so large as it was twelve years ago. To-da- y the institute is in good financial health ; it is very wealthy and has many rich friends ; it has many fine col- lege buildings ; but 11 these do not save it from failure in carrying out the found- er's plans. It may be that other causes are respon- sible for this decline, but to any casual observer these three are evident; neglect of the labor system, advancing the coat of tuition and raising the standard of ad- mission. Coeducation has no doubt had its share in driving away the very men for whom the college was foupded. The practical results have been that tho in- stitution is coming every year to more nearly resemble Harvard and Yale, and to show a wider divergence from tho plans of its founder. It costs more in every way to live there and to get an ed- ucation, while the means of self-suppo- rt are less. If the endeavor is to make the college take rank with the older institu- tions in scholarship, the result is a suc- cess. If it is to help poor students and to make the college distinct from all other Eastern colleges, the result is a dead failure. The vice of the older col- leges in this country is the fostering of extravagance. No young man of limited means succeeds at Harvard or Yale as he would at a German university, where scholarship is the sole criterion. It may be said that it is foolish for a poor boy to feel the covert sneers of his wealthier comrades, but youth is not philosophi- cal. It is greatly impressed by associates and surroundings. In an atmosphere of wealth Spartan virtues languish. No collegian is at ease in satinet where nine-tent- hs of his comrades wear broadcloth. He may start out with the highest aim ; lie may even complete his college course as laid down at the beginning, but. he will be heavUy handicapped, and he will not do so good work nor develop into so robust a man as he would had his atmos- phere been one of genuine literary cul- ture, and his companions men of simplo tastes and small means. It takes very little observation to see that this growing taste for luxury is bar- ring out from.our colleges the sons of workingmen. It is advancing the grade of scholarship and making a distinctively educated class; but, in a country like this, the work is done at too heavy a cost. A day has not yet come in Amer- ica for a class like the English gentry. The longer the simple, wholesome vir- tues of our forefathers can be retained, the better for all classes. The value of an institution such as Ezra Cornell at- tempted to establish is that it sought to demonstrate that a man could be edu- cated and yet work with his hands. It sought to provo that the educated me- chanic is a better workman than the un- lettered mechanic, that the scientific farmer has a great advantage over tho average agriculturist, and above all, that there is no shame and no reproach in manual labor. Properly carried out. such an institution would do good work in discouraging the prevalent mania among young college graduates for en- tering the so-calle- d learned professions. It would demonstrate that a tirst-rat- a en- gineer or machinist, a skillful worker in woods or a trained farmer is of far more value to the community than a lawyer or preacher, of infinitely more value than a speculator, a middleman, or any of the great class of non-prouuce- rs wnicn is growing every year. S. F. Chronicle. Hints lu Hegarrt to cho Dr. Lincoln, of New York, in a pam- phlet recently published, gives practical rules for the heating, lighting and venti- lation of each type of school house, with illustrations of the faults that can be corrected, as well as those that are mat- ters of construction. Some of" his sug gestions are of general practical applica- tion, and notably his advice to look after the cellar, for the purity of honse air depends largely on the purity of cellar air, and the danger of severe sudden ill- ness lurks in cellars a? often as in the sewers. One advantage of frequent rests in school work, with young children at least as often as ten minutes in every hour, is that then the windows can be opened, the children exercise in light gymnastics, and fresh air and fresh ac- tivity, mental and physical, would all come together. Children cannot be treated in the mass, for individual peculiarities are mucn more important elements in their training and development. After all that is possible has been done in building, still much remains for the teacher to do, in order to find out exactly how far there are among her pupils those except:onal cases, both in matters of temperament and intellect, which need a special consideration. Particular care should be taken that children are not punished for failure to conform to mere disciplinary rulej,while the limit of hours of mental application should be under than over the average. An average cnild ol six snouid no more keep the same school work as an average child of twelve, than the same power should be expected from an en- gine of fifty-hors- e power and another of double its capacity. . Hie Reason Why. "Patsey, mo darlint, where do ye wish to be buried when yez are dead?" asked a sobbing wife of her dying husband. "Down in the Jew's cemetery," came the faint and strange answer. "Ohone! an are yez gone crazy rn-toirel- y, Patsey? An' why do you want to be buried there?" "Because, Biddy,, the divil bad cess to him wouldn't think of lookin' for an Irishman in a Jews' buryin ground." A man on theTshady side of life likes to walk in the sun. Man ana Ills Buttons. Did you ever see a man in the solitude and privacy of his study attempt to sew on a button by himself ? Iflsinall its de- tails one of the most interesting perform- ances in the world. First, he hunts for a button. Generally to seenre it 1 e robs Peter to pay Paul, and cuts one from an other garment. -- This button may be much larger or much smaller than the size he is wearing. Next he hunts a nee die. Probably lie goes ont and buys a paper! of needles. He always chooses the largest needles, having an , impres sion that large needles will sew stronger than small needles. As to thread r he gets the coarsest he can find, and this he doubles. He would thread his needle. He takes his needle in one hand and his ooarse( black thread in the other. He bites off the thread to the desirable length. Then he tries to twist it to a fine point. Generally in this he succeed in making two and sometimes three find points: out of one end. Of course he can't get all these points through the needle's eye at once. He tries hard to make that needle and . thread get on frieudly terms with each other, but Ihey won't. They don't want to get ac- quainted. They do not wish to have any- thing to do with each other. Sometimes it is the needle that kicks; sometimes the thread. Sometimes he imagines he has really threaded his needle. It is an ocular, delusion. The thread has missed the needle's eye by half an inch. It is ! harder work than sawing wood. ! At last the needle is threadel.! Now ne tries to sew the button on with- out taking his trousers off. This proves a failure. He twists himself into an un- comfortable position, and so would sew. But he can't sew so. He runs the needle into himself. And the contrary thread always insists in fouling or on doubling round the next button. Then one part of the doubled thread won't work harmo- niously with the other part. One part draws through the button's eye first, and leaves the other part behind. Then it gets hitched up, and the embassador swears. Or the needle breaks; and theu he swears. He may not swear audibly; but the recording angel knows what is going on inside of him, and debits him every item. He sews hard. Ho has for- gotten all about the necessity for a thim- - ole. He jams his thumb down on the needles head, and it punctures the thumb or runs under the nail. By and by he sews the button's eye full of thread. His big needle won't pass through any more. He must stop. He ends by winding the thread as many times as it will go uuder the button, and perhaps he leaves off -- with two or three inches of thread stick- ing outside. A woman can, through many outward directions, tell when a man has been trying to sew on a button. He doesn't know the shibboleth of needle and thread, and it catches somewhere every time. At last the button is sewed on, and he is proud of his work. A Black. Squatter's D gnity. Fifteen miles out of Chattanooga, on the Bridgeport road, I came upon a ne- gro squatter. The cabin was a structure of poles which a man could have pushed over, and the roof was simply a lot of straw and weeds and bushes thrown upon the rafters and held down by large limbs. ! The one room was not over twelve feet square, and in this, with no floor but the earth, lived a family of nine. jThere were two straw beds, one chair' one old table, three plates, one knife, one fork, two spoons, and a bowl. It had leen rainiuir. and part of the earthy floor was a mud puddle. The family had about five pounds of meal and three or four of bacon, and of all the, patches one ever saw the greatest show was right there. The old man had thir-see- n patches on one leg of his trousers, eleven on the other, seven on his vest, and bis cotton shirt was patched in a dozen places with red, yellow, and white and bine woolen. The old womau's dress looked like a crazy quilt, and two of tho boys had only one trousers leg apiece.' "Great Scots! but ho do you live?" I asked while one of the boys was water- ing the' horse. "Lib, sah, how does we lib?" repeated the old man; "Well, sah, we is gainin' on it right smart. I reckon its gwine to be a good y'ar fur poo folks." "What do you raise?" "Chil'en an' dogs, sah!" he soberly replied. "Do you work any?" "Only when I feels like it." "And" is this all your furniture?" "Well, p'raps dar may be a cha'r out behind Vie cabin." "And these are all the clothes you have?"j "Yes sah, cept one o' my oie hats on do roof." "And you call this living, do you?" "See heah, sob," he began, as he rose up from his seat on a log near the door step, '''pears to me like you was inquirin' a leetle too much! We doan' advertise to kee no fust-clas- s hotel heah, an' if you doan like de way we fling ourselves aroun' you'd better be saijin' along down deroad! Some white folks is so mighty nice an' peart an' perticklf r dat nuflin on airth am quite up to deir ' style. Boy! bring up dat hoss an let dis pertickler white man git dun gone afore dem two naked chil'en, enm home wid do sassafras and skurry hisfeelin'sl" Detroit Tress. While a large number of ministers were waiting iq the Fitchburg hotel read-in- g room this, noon, for dinner, one of two driiu.ners laid down a paper, and re- marked: "I see there is a meeting of ministers in this place to day." "Yea," said his companion, "they manage to get together two or three . times a year and exchange sermons."f Fitch Sen. : Y 7 f an Fancy II air. There is at present a scarcity of fancy human hair in market. The scarcest hair is pure white, and its value is con- stantly increasing, and if it is nnsnally long; that is, from four to five feet, the dealer can get almost his own price, while if it's of ordinary length it is worth from J5 to $100 an ounce. The fact that pure white hair is the court coiffure in Europe keeps the demand for it very high. Moreover, it is much prized 'by, American women "whose' own 'hafrfs3 white, and who desire to enrich itsfolds, for white hair is held to give certain dis. tinction to the wearer. There is no" fanoy market for gray hair. It is too common. It is used to .work into wigs of persons who are growing old. What is described as golden hair, is either a washed -- out pale red. or a dull blonde. The gold color so much valued has no relation to red hair, except in the vividness of its coloring. The de mand for the virgin gold color is great in the capitals of Europe. A woman who gets a coiffure of it is considered fortu- - nate. A young Brooklyn lady of much beauty possesses a splendid wig, which she chanced to find in a shop in Nice. She was a blonde, but had a scanty sup-pl- y of dull hair. It did no take her an instant to decide to have her hair cut short and to wear the wig. There are four tvpo colors of hair white, blonde, black and brown and each of these has been sub-divide- d into sixteen different shades. The common est types are black and brown, and these are cheap. Golden brown is much in favor, as is pure black, or what is called blue black, or whose natural hair, streaked with gray shows in contrast with the false covering. Next to pure white hair the demand is for hair of the color of virgin gold. There are many braids made of hair colored to meet the demand with certain preparations, but they prove unsatisfactory. Many foolish women have sought to" change the color of their own tresses, but they have uniformly repented tho attempt. A fine suit of hair of the purest blonde type will sell from $300 to $500. It is said that the Empress Eugenie paid 1000 francs an ounco for a braid of golden hair that exactly matched her own. The largest supply of hair comes from France, Switzerland, and Germany. The country fairs are attended by agents of merchants in London, Paris and Vienna, who ingratiate themselves iuto the favor of young girls and persuade them to fll thoir tresses for glass ornamehts or other gewgaws. Only at intervals .is a prize like a perfect suit of golden hair Ob- - -- tained, and it is said that there are or- ders ahead in the shops of Paris and London for all the golden hair that can be obtained in the next seven years When a stock of hair is collected by traveling agents, it is assorted, washed and cleaned. Then each hair is drawn through the eye of a needle and polished When the stock is ready for the market , in Europe, the nobility is permitted to' make first choice. Fashionable Floor Covering-- . Carpets now show improvement in styles and patterns. Small figures are iirdemand and, in fact, large ones can not be found in the stores where ancient stock is not kept. There was a timo when a room of the ordinary flat size wouldn't show a single figure complete. In some of the patterns now shown small designs are crowded together in wonder- ful harmony of color and device. Many a treasured old tapestry has less art than the ordinary carpeting of the present day. Some are veritable pictures that can be studied for hours without growing famil- iar. Some 6f tha favorite designs repre- sent ferns, leaves, branches and foliage in 8ymetrical entanglement. Borders are still used, and often are wholly dif- ferent from the body, though harmoniz- ing with it. A feature of our carpet stores just now is the display of Oriental mattings. Not only are they bought to put down in summer residences, but they are coming into use in chambers of city houses. A bedroom provided with white china matting with a half breadth of colored check for a border, and a Turkish rug in the center is quite correct. Another thing for the center of the sleeping room f the sleeicr be an unmarried woman, is bed. This is a bran new affecta- tion. A brass bed-stea- d, a trifle larger than the woman, and not much wider than her greatest breadth, is placed in the piddle of the apartment, and fur nisbed with the dantiest possible bed- clothes; but everything about tho affair musfc be perfectly plain, desire being to suggest the utmost simplicity on the part qf the maiden. . Sometimes a cot is used, and, if tho occupant be a light- weight, she selects a structure of frail dosign,-B- o as to provo how airy and fairy she is. The Brain During: Sleep. Somecuri-ou- s experiments as to the action of tho brain during sleep have recently been maae upon mmseii oy Al. JJelaunov. Working on tho known fact that the ac- tion of the brain causes a riso of temper- ature in the cranium, the experimenter found that the converse of this was true, and that he was able by cdvering his forehead with wadding, to stimulate the action of tho brain, Dreams which are naturally illogical and absurd, " become under his treatment quite natural and in- telligent. He also, fpund that their char- acter was much modified by the position assumed dnring sleep, -- whereby the blood might be made to flaw, toward particular parts of the body, and thuincrease their nutrition and functionalctivity.. These exoerimentshave-- : bul: slight! value. Those whose lives are spent in hard work, either physical or mental, Will prefer their dreams as illogical and vague as possible so that ibe poor brain may not go on working wdiilo the body ia at re 'I i
Transcript of The Columbian. (St. Helens, Columbia County, Or.). (St ... · prepared for the combing, carding,...
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YOL. IIT. ST. HELENS, COLUMBIA COUNTY, OREGON, SEPTEMBER 8, 1882: NO. 5.
An I migrant JI )s's Story.
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A singular life history was involvedin an adjudication filed yesteiday byJudge Ashman, of the Orphans' Court, inthe estate of John Naulty, deceased. Mr.Naulty was widely known in businesscircles in North and South America, andin Europe. He died at Buenos Avers inJanuary, 1S7U, leaving an estate valuedat! 8."00',000. lie came to this countryfibm Ireland about sixty years ago. Hewas a boy seeking his fortune. He ap-prenticed himself to a tanner in thiscity. Before he was of ag his masterfailed. His niiis'er conceived the idea ofgoing to South America to engage in thetrflio in hides and wood. Young Naultyaccompanied him. When Naulty camebtck to New York he said that he hadbejen successful beyond his hopes. Hedeposited as a nest egg $50 of his savingsarid went South again with a decentworking capital. He engaged in thework of. cattle-raising- and wool andhide exporting. In time he purchased aalieep ranch in Buenos Ay res, miles inextent, and employed a Philadelidii.into superintend ihe the rearing of hisHocks. 'His brother Domnick, and hismother arrived in this country about VIyears after John. The latter, who wasthen growing rich, sc--nt a generous draftto his brother, with instructions to buy
home for his mother.. A Lome waspurchased in West Philadelphia, andDomnick and his mother lived there to-
gether until a few years ago, when Mrs.Naulty moved to Greensburg, where shedied, in her ninety-sevent- h year.
John Naulty came North only at inter-vals of years. He did not remain in thiscity at any time for a longer period thanfour months, except during the Centen-nial year. He quietly purchased con-sidera- blj
real estate here, that now hasgrown to be worth about $70,000. Heacquired consideiable property in NewYork, also in other cities. He madefrequent trips to Europe, both for busi-ness and pleasure. He was identifiedwith the house of S. B. Hale k Co., andhis visits North were frequently to con-sult them. His bankers were W. W.DeForest Co., of New York, to whomjhesent large sums for investment. At thetime of his death they held in his name$120,000 in government securities. Hewas a man of great reticence, and few-wer- e
acquainted with Lis affairs. Heconducted all his business matters, how-ever, with the nicest method and thesuA&i fccruuulous regard for right. Whenhe lav upon his death-be- d lie Raul: "Iowe no man a dollar, save for service inthis last illness."
He lived altogether in Buenos Ayresabout 41 years. He had no relativesthere, but many friends, and he alwaysspoke of it as home, and even when here,with his mother arid among his kindred,longed to get back. He was never mar-rie- l,
but his life was not without its epi-sode cf love. Years ago he edncated abeautiful girl who was to be his bride.He sent her abroad to the finest sehoolslShe ripened into an accomplished as wellas beautiful women. Then he came toclaim fulfillment of her promise. Hishair was gray; he might have been hisaffianced's father. His bride-elec- t couldnever fulfill her pledge. She had metanother, younger, fairer. She had fallenin love with him. She was to marry him,though he had not a dollar. The oldman gave up all his claim. "Marry," hesaid, "and God bless you." When hiswill was opened the name of the bride,whom he had educated for another, wasfound there, kindly remembered. .
He was wandering always. He wasshipwrecked many times. He lost aswell as made fortunes. In a letter toMrs. William Conn, a cousin, to whomhe was much attached, he once wrote: "Iam sitting upon the shore at Montevideolooking at a ship and cargo, in whichmy all is invested, burning to the water'sedge. Some drunken sailors have reck-lessly caused this disaster. If my insurances in London have not been elfectedthen I (to not own the coat on my back."The insurances, however, were all right,and the rnin which seemed to bepending was averted. Once he wasstricken down in the streets of BioJaneiro with typhoid fever. He wasknown to no one. Charles J. Harrah, ofthis city, happened to be in the city, andlearning that the stricken man was anAmerican or a European hastened to hisassistance. He learned the sick man'sname from a bill of exchange which hefound in the man's hat band. The billwas drawn on au English bank, andcalled for A'COOO. Mr. Naulty was re-moved to a hospital and nursed back tohealth by bisters of Charity.
Upon his last visit to Philadelphia hedeetz-oye- d three basketsful of letters thegathering of ."0 years. Among themwere notes for thousands of dollars thathad become outlawed, ire was suffer-ing then with softening of the brain.His memory was becoming impaired.Mrs. Conn, at whose house he was stay-ing, begged hiai not to go South again."But I must go," he said, "I want tosee my friends again; jmost settle . up my affairs,""And you will come back when!" "Icannot say; perhaps soon. How muchI have traveled! I have still a long voy-age, and I cannot tell what is before me."He sailed on his 63d birthday in a furi-ous storm. The voyage was unusuallylong, and when Mr. Naulty arrived atBuenos Ayres his health was shattered.He recovered somewhat, but soon de-
clined again, and in a year he died. Hewas buried in Buenos Ayres.
He had made a will in this city, dis-posing of his North American property.He wrote it Himself, and-- a wrangle fol-
lowed on the question of interpretation.A duplicate was found in his trunk,that was more clearly stated, and helpedto secure an adjustment of the difficultyby compromise. After a number of in-
dividual bequests, the property is given
to Domnick Naulty. The will disposingof the South American estates was writ-ten by a notary in! Spanish. It gave thobulk of that estate to Mr. Naulty 'saiother for life. She, at her death, gaveit to her son Domnick. De Forest k Co.were made distributors of John Naulty'sproperty. Tho question before JudgeAshman was as to! whether the estate inNorth America was liable to collateralinheritance tax. After reviewing all thecircumstances and considering the tech-nical questions that arose, tho judge de-cided in the negative. Tho estate inBuenos Ayres hasjnot been settled.
Farmers Years A so.rjftyFifty years ago farmer depended al-
most entirely upon the products of theirfarms for the supply of their tables, andlargely for their clothing. A writer inthe Boston Journal .thus sketches theraising of the raw material for garmentsand the process of manufacturing themat the farm housed
Every farmer kept a Hock of sheepand wool constituted a large proportionof the clothing of the family. It wascarded, spun and woven at home, andmade into garments for both sexes. Thebest clothes for the men and boys wereniade of what war called "fulled cloth."
This was made; at home of the liuestmaterial, and taken to the mills known as"fulling mills'wbere it was put througha process of thickening, dyeing aud fin-
ishing. The women used to wear gownsof cloth called "pressed woolen."
This was simply home-mad- e flannel,taken to the mills above named and therepressed so as to present a glossy surface.
Every farmer had a small patch of tlax.This was pulled and spread out in rowson the ground, f "rotted," ami then"broken" and "swinged," and was thusprepared for the combing, carding, andthe "little wheel,' as the machine wascalled on which the tlax wrs spun, todistingnish it from the larger machine forspinning wool. j
It was woven into cloth for table-cover- s,
toweling, sheeting and shirting. Tho"tow," gwb ich was the coarse portioncombed out on the "hetehel," was spuninto a coarse yarn,! of which a cloth wasmade for Summer Uuits for men and boys.
The tow skirt, so commonly worn, waswhen new, an instrument of torture tothe wearer, as it was full of pricklingspines left fioui the woody part of thestalk.
The tailor of tie I days, with hisgoose, traveling fro ouse to house tomake ap the clothes, "or tho men andboys or to cut and..Jt them for thegossiping "tailoress" to complete is notknown to the present generation.
IMsjdpated Mies.
"Them ar flies is old topers, ever oneof em said a Dock street beer-arawe- r.
as he handed over a glass of the foaminsrbeverage to a thirsty reporter everynewspaper office has a thirstv reporter.
IPS, tuey are topers, ne spoke up, ashe drew the reporter's attention to aswarm of flies that were regaling themselves in a trough from the drippings ofa 6pigot. "Now, what I tell you is thetruth; them ar' 11 ids drink a pint of beerevery day, and then they g.j aud s )berup. See that netting over those pictures?Well, the flies come down and fill up; thenthey shut one eye like a drunken fellowgoing for j lamp post, and start for thatnetting. Sometimes they don't make it,and fall to the iloor, where they lieuntil they sober up. You're laughing,"put in the bar chemist. "I am not," re-plied the reporter; "I am .taking it allin." "Well, they stick their feet in theholes in the mosquito retting, and sorto' tangle their legs around it. You seethey feel prett' limber, so 'taint ,notrouble, and,, theyj hang till the buglepasses out of their heads. That's so.' Doj'ou know I've . got jan idea some of thosepesky dies go out aud bring in theirfriends? Them flies drink a pint of beera day; that's over a gallon a week. Nowthere's over a million flies on thatnetting how much does it take to makeeach one tight? Here's a slate," and thebeer slinger handed it to the reporter tofigure it out. Just then the clock struckfour, and ten thousand of the topersstarted to the beer 'trough with a whirr,to take a nip before supper. Some ofthem drank long and deep, and then layupon their backs and kicked vigorongly.
f Philadelphia Record.Sanitary I spection of House.
Lewis Angell, Sanitary InspectorWest Hum, in Essex, an outlying dis-trict of London, says, in illustration ofthe prevalence of j sanitary defects evenin the best houses,! and of the need ofthorough inspection, that in the civicpalaces of the Lord Mayor of Loudon,"three quarters of j an inch of floatingfungi scurf was recently found on thesurface, and three-eight- s of an inch ofmud at the bottom ;of the cistern, while abottle of water on his lordship's tablecontained hundreds of nematoid worms."Offensive mud arid animal organismswere also found in! the cistern of theAthenjoum Club, St. James. We habit-ually defv disease) when we leave thedoors of our closets open and the window j
shut. The reverse: ought to be the prac-tice. He believes j that sanitary scienceshould be put on a par with literary andmathematical studies in the schools, andtnat public and official inspection shouldbe provided for everywhere, the expensein the cate of new buildings to be metby f ?es charged upon the owners andbuilders, who expect to derive a m-of- it
from them. He commends what hasbeen done in Chicago in the official in-spection of tenements, aud the official
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A conspicuous increase is noted in ',
the importation of j foreign wares. The j
entries of dry goods alone for July at i
New York City foot up $11,370,040. ;I
A Ba3 Scrape.
One of the most terribly awful thingsthat ever was occurred .Friday at theSunday-scho- ol picnic giVen at; Boyle'sGr jvp, west of the city. It was a warmday and everybody wore as few clothesas decency and health would permit.One couple from this city went to thepicnic all bedecked in their spotlesslinen, swiss, etc. In some unaccount-able way the couple very nice couplethey are, too strayed a little ways offfrom the rest of the flock and sat downupon a log and looked at tho cows anddandelions, and talked about what kindof a house they were going to have whenthey got married. All went as merry asa sleigh bell at a ehmvari until a bigred-heade- d ant crawled down the girl'sback, just where she couldn't reach him.When first she felt the sensation shethought it was the strong arm o! theyoung man beside her, and she didn'tkick. Presently it dawned upon herthat it might not be her beau, whom shesuspected was trying to keep her fromfalling by holding hia arm about hergentle waist, so she looked around. Thehorrible truth flashed upon her and shebegan to squirm and scream. The youngman was of conrse very much frightened,thinking, perhaps, she had seen a mouseand, would faint on his bands. Betweenscreams she told him what ailed her.Here was the ticklish point what wouldhe do? He could not leave the dear girlto tho mercy of the ant and listen to herpiercing shrieks, nor did he feel like ram-ming his hand down liex back and haul-ing up the dread monster by the fetlock,but something had to be done, and veryquickly, too. Pulling olf his coat androlling up his sleeve he made a dive forthe enemy lurking in the ambush, andlunching off a choice spar rib. He suc-ceeded in ripping tho lady's garmentsfrom Gehenua to breakfast on the firsteffort. After a protracted chase, andjust as he was about to give up in de-spair he espied the animal, and the wayhe slapped it against her architecturenearly paralyzed the frame-wor- k. Theblow was hard enough to have knockeda pound of Peoria butter off its feet. Ofcourse the ant was ready to bo laid outaud kiln-drie- d in j
bread-dough- ,
or palmed off for reasoning infruit cake. It made its-mar- in theworld and left it upon t e back of itslast sad resting place. The unhappypair fixed up the maiden all forlorn thobest they knew Low and started forhome. When they reached tho camp,the other picnickers all looked' suspi-ciously and wise at them. Some evenwent so far as to say, "Cow hooked you,or did you stumble over a blackberrypatch ?" Others wondered if tnev hadn'tbeen struck by a cyclone, or tried to fallup a tree. When the girl's mother cameto tne iront sue wanteu to Kin tne youngman, and chased him 11 over tho grovewith a piece of custard pie, and wouldn'tlisten to an explanation. Whv shechased him we can't guess. That youngman s life has been a burden to him eversince, and when he sees anybody coming he looks wild out of his eyes andtalks mad, and shrinks away like a friskycreditor. He says that if he ever goes toanother picnic he hopes that he willknow it, and if his girl was being swal-lowed by an ant he wouldn't pull herout to save her life. She says that heryoung life has been blasted like an earlytomato, and tnat she is going to Normal,or curl up and die. Bloomingtou Eve
In- - us (r al Education.T a n r--i irouneen years ago Ji.zra a
wealthy resident of Ithaca, N. Y. .found-ed Cornell University. He was a self- -made man, and his main object in estab-lishing tho institution was to providepoor young men with the means of get-ting an education. Many of his planswere visionary, but there was nothingtheoretical in the establishment of a vol-untary labor system, by which thosewithout funds earn enough, in theirleisure during the term and in the longsummer vacation, to pay for their tui-tion and board. The standard of admis-sion was low;?r than at the other collegesand a wide' liberty was given to the stu-dent in the choice of especial studies.Dormitory buildings were provided forthose who chose to reside on tho Univer-sity grounds, but the student was al-
lowed some what of the freedom givento the German undergraduate and couldlive in the town if he desired. Work waspaid at a low rate, but any vouth with astrong physique could earn enough tosupport himself.
The opemnx? year of the Universitywitnessed a largo number of students,the majority being of slender means andcompelled to work for their support.Tuition was nominal, only $30 a year,while food was cheap. There were ex-cellent profess .rs, many of whom adopt-ed the German system of lectures, inpreference to the" old-tim- e method oftext-boo- k recitation. There was mnchlife, vigor and enthusiasm in the work.Gradually the character of the studentschanged. More of the wealthy classapplied for admission, and the formersimplicity was lost Manual labor fellinto disrepute ; the University farm lan-guished ; women were admitted to theinstitute aud granted equal privilegeswith the men ; many gifts were receivedfrom generous men', but nearly all werefor buildings and equipments very fewfor the endowment of professorships.The founder's endowment compriseduieny umi.er laiuiin ine west. wiiicn
or several yearsthe University was financially crippled.and great parsimony was shown in thepayment of professors. Many of the bestmen left, and their places were filled bytutors fresh from their studies. The costof tuition was raised from $30 to $75 peryear, and the voluntary labor system wasdropped. The number of students hadbeen steadily declining, and these tneas--
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tires, so alien to the spirit of the found-er's plans, served to swell the defection,until now the number of students is notnear so large as it was twelve years ago.To-da- y the institute is in good financialhealth ; it is very wealthy and has manyrich friends ; it has many fine col-lege buildings ; but 11 these do not saveit from failure in carrying out the found-er's plans.
It may be that other causes are respon-sible for this decline, but to any casualobserver these three are evident; neglectof the labor system, advancing the coatof tuition and raising the standard of ad-mission. Coeducation has no doubt hadits share in driving away the very menfor whom the college was foupded. Thepractical results have been that tho in-
stitution is coming every year to morenearly resemble Harvard and Yale, andto show a wider divergence from thoplans of its founder. It costs more inevery way to live there and to get an ed-ucation, while the means of self-suppo- rt
are less. If the endeavor is to make thecollege take rank with the older institu-tions in scholarship, the result is a suc-cess. If it is to help poor students andto make the college distinct from allother Eastern colleges, the result is adead failure. The vice of the older col-leges in this country is the fostering ofextravagance. No young man of limitedmeans succeeds at Harvard or Yale as hewould at a German university, wherescholarship is the sole criterion. It maybe said that it is foolish for a poor boy tofeel the covert sneers of his wealthiercomrades, but youth is not philosophi-cal. It is greatly impressed by associatesand surroundings. In an atmosphere ofwealth Spartan virtues languish. Nocollegian is at ease in satinet where nine-tent- hs
of his comrades wear broadcloth.He may start out with the highest aim ;
lie may even complete his college courseas laid down at the beginning, but. hewill be heavUy handicapped, and he willnot do so good work nor develop into sorobust a man as he would had his atmos-phere been one of genuine literary cul-ture, and his companions men of simplotastes and small means.
It takes very little observation to seethat this growing taste for luxury is bar-ring out from.our colleges the sons ofworkingmen. It is advancing the gradeof scholarship and making a distinctivelyeducated class; but, in a country likethis, the work is done at too heavy acost. A day has not yet come in Amer-ica for a class like the English gentry.The longer the simple, wholesome vir-tues of our forefathers can be retained,the better for all classes. The value ofan institution such as Ezra Cornell at-
tempted to establish is that it sought todemonstrate that a man could be edu-cated and yet work with his hands. Itsought to provo that the educated me-chanic is a better workman than the un-
lettered mechanic, that the scientificfarmer has a great advantage over thoaverage agriculturist, and above all, thatthere is no shame and no reproach inmanual labor. Properly carried out.such an institution would do good workin discouraging the prevalent maniaamong young college graduates for en-tering the so-calle- d learned professions.It would demonstrate that a tirst-rat- a en-gineer or machinist, a skillful worker inwoods or a trained farmer is of far morevalue to the community than a lawyer orpreacher, of infinitely more value than aspeculator, a middleman, or any of thegreat class of non-prouuce- rs wnicn isgrowing every year. S. F. Chronicle.
Hints lu Hegarrt to cho
Dr. Lincoln, of New York, in a pam-phlet recently published, gives practicalrules for the heating, lighting and venti-lation of each type of school house, withillustrations of the faults that can becorrected, as well as those that are mat-ters of construction. Some of" his suggestions are of general practical applica-tion, and notably his advice to look afterthe cellar, for the purity of honse airdepends largely on the purity of cellarair, and the danger of severe sudden ill-
ness lurks in cellars a? often as in thesewers.
One advantage of frequent rests inschool work, with young children atleast as often as ten minutes in everyhour, is that then the windows can beopened, the children exercise in lightgymnastics, and fresh air and fresh ac-tivity, mental and physical, would allcome together. Children cannot be treatedin the mass, for individual peculiaritiesare mucn more important elements intheir training and development. Afterall that is possible has been done inbuilding, still much remains for theteacher to do, in order to find out exactlyhow far there are among her pupils thoseexcept:onal cases, both in matters oftemperament and intellect, which need aspecial consideration.
Particular care should be taken thatchildren are not punished for failure toconform to mere disciplinary rulej,whilethe limit of hours of mental applicationshould be under than over theaverage. An average cnild ol six snouidno more keep the same school work as anaverage child of twelve, than the samepower should be expected from an en-gine of fifty-hors- e power and another ofdouble its capacity. .
Hie Reason Why.
"Patsey, mo darlint, where do ye wishto be buried when yez are dead?" askeda sobbing wife of her dying husband.
"Down in the Jew's cemetery," camethe faint and strange answer.
"Ohone! an are yez gone crazy rn-toirel- y,
Patsey? An' why do you wantto be buried there?"
"Because, Biddy,, the divil bad cessto him wouldn't think of lookin' for anIrishman in a Jews' buryin ground."
A man on theTshady side of life likesto walk in the sun.
Man ana Ills Buttons.
Did you ever see a man in the solitudeand privacy of his study attempt to sewon a button by himself ? Iflsinall its de-tails one of the most interesting perform-ances in the world. First, he hunts fora button. Generally to seenre it 1 e robsPeter to pay Paul, and cuts one from another garment. --This button may bemuch larger or much smaller than thesize he is wearing. Next he hunts a needie. Probably lie goes ont and buys apaper! of needles. He always choosesthe largest needles, having an ,
impression that large needles will sew strongerthan small needles. As to thread r hegets the coarsest he can find, and this hedoubles. He would thread his needle.He takes his needle in one hand and hisooarse( black thread in the other. Hebites off the thread to the desirablelength. Then he tries to twist it to a finepoint. Generally in this he succeed inmaking two and sometimes three findpoints: out of one end. Of course hecan't get all these points through theneedle's eye at once. He tries hard tomake that needle and . thread geton frieudly terms with each other, butIhey won't. They don't want to get ac-
quainted. They do not wish to have any-thing to do with each other. Sometimesit is the needle that kicks; sometimes thethread. Sometimes he imagines he hasreally threaded his needle. It is anocular, delusion. The thread has missedthe needle's eye by half an inch.It is ! harder work than sawingwood. ! At last the needle is threadel.!Now ne tries to sew the button on with-out taking his trousers off. This provesa failure. He twists himself into an un-comfortable position, and so would sew.But he can't sew so. He runs the needleinto himself. And the contrary threadalways insists in fouling or on doublinground the next button. Then one partof the doubled thread won't work harmo-niously with the other part. One partdraws through the button's eye first, andleaves the other part behind. Then itgets hitched up, and the embassadorswears. Or the needle breaks; and theuhe swears. He may not swear audibly;but the recording angel knows what isgoing on inside of him, and debits himevery item. He sews hard. Ho has for-gotten all about the necessity for a thim- -
ole. He jams his thumb down on theneedles head, and it punctures the thumbor runs under the nail. By and by hesews the button's eye full of thread. Hisbig needle won't pass through any more.He must stop. He ends by winding thethread as many times as it will go uuderthe button, and perhaps he leaves off
--with two or three inches of thread stick-ing outside. A woman can, throughmany outward directions, tell when aman has been trying to sew on a button.He doesn't know the shibboleth of needleand thread, and it catches somewhereevery time. At last the button is sewedon, and he is proud of his work.
A Black. Squatter's D gnity.
Fifteen miles out of Chattanooga, onthe Bridgeport road, I came upon a ne-gro squatter. The cabin was a structureof poles which a man could have pushedover, and the roof was simply a lot ofstraw and weeds and bushes thrown uponthe rafters and held down by largelimbs. ! The one room was not overtwelve feet square, and in this, with nofloor but the earth, lived a family ofnine. jThere were two straw beds, onechair' one old table, three plates, oneknife, one fork, two spoons, and a bowl.It had leen rainiuir. and part of theearthy floor was a mud puddle. Thefamily had about five pounds of mealand three or four of bacon, and of all the,patches one ever saw the greatest showwas right there. The old man had thir-see- n
patches on one leg of his trousers,eleven on the other, seven on his vest,and bis cotton shirt was patched in adozen places with red, yellow, and whiteand bine woolen. The old womau'sdress looked like a crazy quilt, and twoof tho boys had only one trousers legapiece.'
"Great Scots! but ho do you live?" Iasked while one of the boys was water-ing the' horse.
"Lib, sah, how does we lib?" repeatedthe old man; "Well, sah, we is gainin' onit right smart. I reckon its gwine to bea good y'ar fur poo folks."
"What do you raise?""Chil'en an' dogs, sah!" he soberly
replied."Do you work any?""Only when I feels like it.""And" is this all your furniture?""Well, p'raps dar may be a cha'r out
behind Vie cabin.""And these are all the clothes you
have?"j"Yes sah, cept one o' my oie hats on
do roof.""And you call this living, do you?""See heah, sob," he began, as he rose
up from his seat on a log near the doorstep, '''pears to me like you was inquirin'a leetle too much! We doan' advertiseto kee no fust-clas- s hotel heah, an' ifyou doan like de way we fling ourselvesaroun' you'd better be saijin' along downderoad! Some white folks is so mightynice an' peart an' perticklf r dat nuflin onairth am quite up to deir ' style. Boy!bring up dat hoss an let dis perticklerwhite man git dun gone afore dem twonaked chil'en, enm home wid do sassafrasand skurry hisfeelin'sl" Detroit Tress.
While a large number of ministerswere waiting iq the Fitchburg hotel read-in- g
room this, noon, for dinner, one oftwo driiu.ners laid down a paper, and re-marked: "I see there is a meeting ofministers in this place to day." "Yea,"said his companion, "they manage to gettogether two or three . times a year andexchange sermons."f Fitch Sen. :
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Fancy IIair.There is at present a scarcity of fancy
human hair in market. The scarcesthair is pure white, and its value is con-stantly increasing, and if it is nnsnallylong; that is, from four to five feet, thedealer can get almost his own price,while if it's of ordinary length it is worthfrom J5 to $100 an ounce. The factthat pure white hair is the court coiffurein Europe keeps the demand for it veryhigh. Moreover, it is much prized 'by,American women "whose' own 'hafrfs3white, and who desire to enrich itsfolds,for white hair is held to give certain dis.tinction to the wearer. There is no"fanoy market for gray hair. It is toocommon. It is used to .work into wigsof persons who are growing old. Whatis described as golden hair, is eithera washed -- out pale red. or a dullblonde. The gold color so much valuedhas no relation to red hair, exceptin the vividness of its coloring. The demand for the virgin gold color is great inthe capitals of Europe. A woman whogets a coiffure of it is considered fortu- -nate. A young Brooklyn lady of muchbeauty possesses a splendid wig, whichshe chanced to find in a shop in Nice.She was a blonde, but had a scanty sup-pl- y
of dull hair. It did no take her aninstant to decide to have her hair cutshort and to wear the wig.
There are four tvpo colors of hairwhite, blonde, black and brown andeach of these has been sub-divide- d intosixteen different shades. The commonest types are black and brown, andthese are cheap. Golden brown is muchin favor, as is pure black, or what iscalled blue black, or whose natural hair,streaked with gray shows in contrastwith the false covering. Next to purewhite hair the demand is for hair of thecolor of virgin gold. There are manybraids made of hair colored to meetthe demand with certain preparations,but they prove unsatisfactory. Manyfoolish women have sought to" changethe color of their own tresses, but theyhave uniformly repented tho attempt. Afine suit of hair of the purest blondetype will sell from $300 to $500. It issaid that the Empress Eugenie paid 1000francs an ounco for a braid of goldenhair that exactly matched her own.
The largest supply of hair comes fromFrance, Switzerland, and Germany. Thecountry fairs are attended by agents ofmerchants in London, Paris and Vienna,who ingratiate themselves iuto the favorof young girls and persuade them to fllthoir tresses for glass ornamehts or othergewgaws. Only at intervals .is a prizelike a perfect suit of golden hair Ob- - --
tained, and it is said that there are or-ders ahead in the shops of Paris andLondon for all the golden hair that canbe obtained in the next seven yearsWhen a stock of hair is collected bytraveling agents, it is assorted, washedand cleaned. Then each hair is drawnthrough the eye of a needle and polishedWhen the stock is ready for the market ,
in Europe, the nobility is permitted to'make first choice.
Fashionable Floor Covering-- .
Carpets now show improvement instyles and patterns. Small figures areiirdemand and, in fact, large ones cannot be found in the stores where ancientstock is not kept. There was a timowhen a room of the ordinary flat sizewouldn't show a single figure complete.In some of the patterns now shown smalldesigns are crowded together in wonder-ful harmony of color and device. Manya treasured old tapestry has less art thanthe ordinary carpeting of the present day.Some are veritable pictures that can bestudied for hours without growing famil-iar. Some 6f tha favorite designs repre-sent ferns, leaves, branches and foliagein 8ymetrical entanglement. Bordersare still used, and often are wholly dif-ferent from the body, though harmoniz-ing with it. A feature of our carpetstores just now is the display of Orientalmattings. Not only are they bought toput down in summer residences, butthey are coming into use in chambers ofcity houses.
A bedroom provided with white chinamatting with a half breadth of coloredcheck for a border, and a Turkish rug inthe center is quite correct. Anotherthing for the center of the sleeping roomf the sleeicr be an unmarried woman, is
bed. This is a bran new affecta-tion. A brass bed-stea- d, a trifle largerthan the woman, and not much widerthan her greatest breadth, is placed inthe piddle of the apartment, and furnisbed with the dantiest possible bed-clothes; but everything about tho affairmusfc be perfectly plain, desire being tosuggest the utmost simplicity on thepart qf the maiden. . Sometimes a cot isused, and, if tho occupant be a light-weight, she selects a structure of fraildosign,-B- o as to provo how airy and fairyshe is.
The Brain During: Sleep. Somecuri-ou- s
experiments as to the action of thobrain during sleep have recently beenmaae upon mmseii oy Al. JJelaunov.Working on tho known fact that the ac-tion of the brain causes a riso of temper-ature in the cranium, the experimenterfound that the converse of this was true,and that he was able by cdvering hisforehead with wadding, to stimulate theaction of tho brain, Dreams which arenaturally illogical and absurd, " becomeunder his treatment quite natural and in-telligent. He also, fpund that their char-acter was much modified by the positionassumed dnring sleep, --whereby the bloodmight be made to flaw, toward particularparts of the body, and thuincrease theirnutrition and functionalctivity.. Theseexoerimentshave-- : bul: slight! value.Those whose lives are spent in hard work,either physical or mental, Will prefertheir dreams as illogical and vague aspossible so that ibe poor brain may notgo on working wdiilo the body ia at re
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