A.P. U.S. History Chapter 3: Settling the Northern Colonies 1619-1700
The Colonies Develop 1700-1753
description
Transcript of The Colonies Develop 1700-1753
![Page 1: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE COLONIES DEVELOP 1700-1753
Chapter 4
![Page 2: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Four Colonial Regions
*New England Colonies*Middle Colonies*Southern Colonies*Backcountry
![Page 3: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
New England Colonies
*Most New England farmers practiced subsistence farming: farmers produced just enough food for themselves/family and maybe a bit extra for trade.
*Poor, rocky soil! Longer winters! Shorter growing season!
*Fish and wood were among N.E. most valuable articles of trade.
*Coastal cities grew rich as a result of shipbuilding, fishing, and trade.
![Page 4: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Atlantic Trade
![Page 5: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
*New England settlers participated in Triangular Trade: Transatlantic system of trade where goods, including slaves, were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in N. America.
Interactive Triangular Trade
Atlantic Trade
![Page 6: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Atlantic Trade
*New England made huge profits from trade.
*England wanted a share of those profits. WHY??? Because the colonies belonged to England!
*Passed the Navigation Acts in 1651: Made sure England made money from the colonies’ trade.
![Page 7: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
African Americans in New England
*Slavery not economical in N.E. WHY????-small farms didn’t need large # of workers-farmers could not afford to house/feed slaves during long winters
*Some N. Englanders did own slaves in larger towns
-hired out slaves for shop or dock work
-some slaves allowed to keep a portion of their wages
-some slaves saved enough $ to buy their freedom!
![Page 8: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Changes in Puritan Society
*Puritan religion slowly declined (1700’s)*Many reasons:1. Drive for economic gain ($) competed
with Puritan ideas.2. Other religious groups established
congregations in the region.3. New charter took away Puritans’ political
privileges, and granted voting based on land ownership instead of church membership.
![Page 9: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Middle Colonies
*More fertile soil *Milder climate*Longer growing season (crops)-These conditions attracted immigrants
from all over Europe.-M.C. began to produce cash crops:
crops raised to be sold for money. -After harvesting corn, wheat, rye, or
other grains, they were sent to the gristmill to be ground into flour.
![Page 10: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Cities Prosper
*Harbors were perfect sites for citiesExamples: New York City on the
Hudson R. & Philadelphia on the Delaware R.
*Merchants exported cash crops and imported manufactured goods
*Valuable trade of port cities helped them to grow
*The wealth gained brought many improvements to NYC and Philly.
![Page 11: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
A Diverse Region
*Great diversity in Middle Colonies-English -Swedish -French-German -Dutch -Scots-Irish
-African -Scottish -Welsh
![Page 12: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
African Americans in the Middle Colonies
*1750, 7% of the pop. was enslaved.
*Enslaved persons worked as manual laborers, servants, drivers, & assistants to artisans.
*Tensions existed between the races and rebellions occurred.
*Whites would resort to force and violence to control slaves.
![Page 13: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Southern Colonies
*Fertile soil and almost year-round growing season
*Ideal for crops like tobacco, rice, & cotton
*Required much labor to produce as a cash crop
*Region’s waterways made it easy to transport crops
*Most plantations were self-sufficient (everything needed produced on plantation)
*As plantation economy grew, planters turned to enslaved Africans for labor.
![Page 14: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Turn To Slavery
*Pop. of enslaved Africans grew rapidly*By 1750 – about 40% of the South’s
population was enslaved Africans*1660’s planters began using more
enslaved Africans b/c….1. Indentured servants were leaving
to start their own farms.2. Unsuccessful with forcing Natives
![Page 15: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Planter Class
*Increased use of slaves allowed plantations to expand
*Slave labor allowed planters to become even wealthier
*More slaves meant growing more tobacco, rice, or indigo (blue dye)
*Small compared to rest of pop. but had control of political and economic power
![Page 16: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Life Under Slavery*Exhausting work under an overseer: men hired
by planters to watch over and direct the work of slaves.
*15 hr. days*Whipped if they weren’t doing their full share of
work*lived in small one-room cabins w/only sleeping
cots*small food portions like corn and pork*kept many customs and beliefs through music,
dances, stories, and African religions.
![Page 17: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Resistance*Fought their enslavement!-worked slowly on purpose (slow production)
-damaged goods-pretended to not understand orders
-rose up in rebellion! Those caught would be killed and slave laws became even stricter
![Page 21: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Backcountry*Dense forests and streams*Located in/near the Appalachian Mts.
*water and wood provided for drinking/shelter
*Small farms common*First settlers made living trading with Natives
*Next, farmers moved into the region
*As # of settlers grew, conflict with Natives
![Page 22: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Where are the Appalachian Mts.?
![Page 24: The Colonies Develop 1700-1753](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081507/568166a3550346895dda8e87/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Life*Backcountry settlers had to depend on themselves!
*Built cabins/furniture with wood*Fed family with cattle/hogs they raised and fish/game they killed
*Yes! They snacked on popcorn *Women worked in cabins, the fields, and knew how to use guns and axes!