THE COLONIAL PERIOD. The Colony The colony was between 1600-1800 The colony of Chile was controlled...
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Transcript of THE COLONIAL PERIOD. The Colony The colony was between 1600-1800 The colony of Chile was controlled...
The Colony
The colony was between 1600-1800
The colony of Chile was controlled by Spain.
The colony sent things to Spain (wheat, corn, copper, wood)
Spain was a rich country because it had many colonies that sent nice things
The Colonial Society
There were many different types of people that lived in the colonies:
-people that came from Spain -people who had parents that came
from Spain, but they were born in Chile -natives -blacks from Africa -people that had one parent that was Spanish and one that was a native
Homework
1) What is a “criollo?”
2) What is a “mestizo?”
3) What types of people were in the upper class (La aristocracia)? Write 2 facts about the upper class.
4) What types of people were in the middle class (el sector medio)? Write 2 facts about the middle class.
5) What type of people were in the lower class (nivel mas bajo)? Write 2 facts about the lower class.
Social Classes in the Colony
White skin Spanish
Criollos
Mid color skin Poor Spanish
Mestizos
Dark skin Natives
Blacks
Class level Groups in this class
Description Jobs
Upper class SpanishCriollos
Middle Class MestizosPoor Spanish
Lower Class NativesBlacks
Upper ClassDESCRIPTION-Spanish: they were born in Spain and came to live in Chile
-Criollos: they were born in Chile, but both of their parents were Spanish
-The Spanish had MORE power than criollos-This was the smallest class-They all had WHITE skin
Jobs: They owned land and had power in government
Middle Class
DESCRIPTIONMestizos: one parent was Spanish and the other parent was a native.Their skin color was darker.
JOBSThey had jobs such as vendors, artesania, writers, etc.
Lower Class
DESCRIPTIONNatives: both of their parents were natives and they had always lived in ChileBlacks: slaves that were brought from Africa to work in the hardest and most dangerous jobsThey had no power or moneyThey had DARK skin (or black skin)
JOBSThey worked on the farms of the encomenderos
Spain owned Chile…but the king was VERY far away.
How did the king of Spain have control over a colony so far away?
The Government of the Colony The king of Spain sent a Viceroy (Virrey)
to the colony to be in charge. The Viceroy was a Spanish man loyal to the king.
Spain made most of the laws for the colony to follow
Other institutions were created in Spain and Chile to control the colony
These were also territories of Spain, but they were not completely peaceful and dominated by the Spanish. A military leader was in charge of them.
The Encomienda System
The king of Spain gave land in Chile to the men who helped in the conquest of Chile. This man was a “Encomendero”
-The governor gave natives to each encomendero
-The natives worked for NO money -The encomendero had to give food, clothing, religion, and housing to natives
Many natives died in the mines Many got infections and illnesses/viruses
Because so many natives died, the Spanish brought African slaves to work the land
What do you think of the encomienda system?
Was it necessary?
Was it abuse?
Was it slavery?
Could we use the encomienda system today?
What would YOU think if you were a native in the encomienda system?
Commercial Monopoly
Chile made leather, wheat, dry fruit, wine, copper, wood, and furniture.
Chile was ONLY allowed to trade with Spain and the other Spanish colonies
When a colony can ONLY trade with some places, it is called a MONOPOLY