The Cold WarNATO/Warsaw pact

The Cold WarNATO/Warsaw pact

Kaija LazdaKaija Lazda1945-1991

Crowder 3rd

Timeline of EventsTimeline of EventsAugust 6, 1945- United States dropped bomb on Hiroshima

August 14, 1945- End of World War II

June 24, 1948- The Berlin blockade begins

April 4, 1949- NATO is formed

May 12 1949- Berlin blockade ends

June 1950-July 1953- Korean war begins and ends

May 1955- Warsaw Pact formed

May 1960- U.S. spy plane was shot down over Soviet territory

November 1960- John F. Kennedy became president

April 1961- Bay of Pigs

August 13,17- The border or Berlin is closed off;construction begins of the Berlin Wall

October 1962- Cuban Missile Crisis

November 1963- President Kennedy assassinated

July 20, 1969- Apollo 11 wins space race by landing on the moon

November 1989- Fall of the Berlin Wall

December 1989- Soviet empire along with the communist governments of Czechoslovakia,Rumania, and Bulgaria fall.

August 1991- End of Soviet Union The cold war comes to an end.

OverviewOverview The Cold War began to form after World War II.

The disagreements started between 1947-1951. The world split into two large organizations NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw pact. Many people believed at that time that a nuclear war would start. The main tensions were between The Soviet Union (“Russia”) and The United States. Both sides and their allies were building up their weapons but did not use them. It was a fight between political systems for power.

The Cold War began to form after World War II. The disagreements started between 1947-1951. The world split into two large organizations NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) and the Warsaw pact. Many people believed at that time that a nuclear war would start. The main tensions were between The Soviet Union (“Russia”) and The United States. Both sides and their allies were building up their weapons but did not use them. It was a fight between political systems for power.

Important PeopleImportant People

Nikita Kruschev (1894-1971) John F. Kennedy (1917-1963) Ronald Reagan(1911-2004) Mikhail Gorbachev(1931- )

Nikita Kruschev (1894-1971) John F. Kennedy (1917-1963) Ronald Reagan(1911-2004) Mikhail Gorbachev(1931- )

Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971)

Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971)

After Joseph Stalin died Nikita Khrushchev became chief director of the Soviet Union. He was a strong believer in the communist party, and he became the First Secretary from September 7, 1953 to October 14, 1964. Khrushchev was Premier of the Soviet Union from March 27, 1958 to October 14, 1964. He was born on April 17, 1894 and died on September 11, 1971 when he was 77 years old. He was notorious for his rudeness of interrupting speeches and removing his shoe to bang it on the podium during debates at the United Nations.

After Joseph Stalin died Nikita Khrushchev became chief director of the Soviet Union. He was a strong believer in the communist party, and he became the First Secretary from September 7, 1953 to October 14, 1964. Khrushchev was Premier of the Soviet Union from March 27, 1958 to October 14, 1964. He was born on April 17, 1894 and died on September 11, 1971 when he was 77 years old. He was notorious for his rudeness of interrupting speeches and removing his shoe to bang it on the podium during debates at the United Nations.

Nikita Khrushchev

John F. Kennedy (1917-1963)

John F. Kennedy (1917-1963)

John F. Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States. He was in office from January 20, 1961 until November 22, 1963. Kennedy was the president during the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Vietnam war and the American Civil rights movement. On November 22,1963 Kennedy was in Dallas, Texas and was assassinated.

John F. Kennedy was the 35th President of the United States. He was in office from January 20, 1961 until November 22, 1963. Kennedy was the president during the Bay of Pigs, Cuban Missile Crisis, the building of the Berlin Wall, the Vietnam war and the American Civil rights movement. On November 22,1963 Kennedy was in Dallas, Texas and was assassinated.

John F. Kennedy

Ronald Reagan(1911-2004)

Ronald Reagan(1911-2004) Ronald Reagan became

the 40th president of the United States on January 20, 1981 and left office on January 20, 1989. He was the governor of California from 1967 to 1975. Regan served two terms also partly during the cold war. He ordered a massive military buildup while racing against the Soviet Union. He later spoke with Mikhail Gorbachev and they shrunk the US and Russia's nuclear weaponry.

Ronald Reagan became the 40th president of the United States on January 20, 1981 and left office on January 20, 1989. He was the governor of California from 1967 to 1975. Regan served two terms also partly during the cold war. He ordered a massive military buildup while racing against the Soviet Union. He later spoke with Mikhail Gorbachev and they shrunk the US and Russia's nuclear weaponry.

Ronald Reagan

Mikhail Gorbachev(1931- )Mikhail Gorbachev(1931- ) Mikhail Gorbachev is the

leader of the Union of Social-Democrats. He used to be the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he was also head of the USSR. Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990. He had helped end the Cold War and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Gorbachev was born March 2, 1931 and he is still alive.

Mikhail Gorbachev is the leader of the Union of Social-Democrats. He used to be the General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, he was also head of the USSR. Gorbachev was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990. He had helped end the Cold War and the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Mikhail Gorbachev was born March 2, 1931 and he is still alive. Mikhail Gorbachev

The US vs. the Soviet Union

NATO- Blue Warsaw Pact- RED

The US vs. the Soviet Union

NATO- Blue Warsaw Pact- RED

Russia became communist and also captured many countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Together with the Russian Federation these fifteen republics formed the USSR.The United States also

was affected by the Cold War because of the Bay of Pigs an the Cuban Missile crisis.

Lots of the conflict happened in Germany because it had borders with allies of the Warsaw Pact and NATO.

How it startedHow it started

Capitalists and Communists had been clashing since the Russian revolution but the disagreements got worse after World War II. Germany had been split up into many parts when World War II ended. The Soviet Union had the east bit which also had Berlin. The United States, France, Britain, and The Soviet Union all had a part of Berlin. The Soviet Union wanted the rest of Berlin and

that’s how the Berlin Blockade got started.

Capitalists and Communists had been clashing since the Russian revolution but the disagreements got worse after World War II. Germany had been split up into many parts when World War II ended. The Soviet Union had the east bit which also had Berlin. The United States, France, Britain, and The Soviet Union all had a part of Berlin. The Soviet Union wanted the rest of Berlin and

that’s how the Berlin Blockade got started.

Primary SourcePrimary Source

Khrushchev wrote to Kennedy twice about the Cuban missile crisis. The first letter was sent on October 26, 1962 and contained the statement that if the United States agreed not to attack Cuba then the Soviet Union would take the weapons out.Below is part of the first letter.

“Why have we proceeded to assist Cuba with military and economic aid? The answer is: We have proceeded to do so only for reasons of humanitarianism. At one time, our people itself had a revolution, when Russia was still a backwards country. We were attacked then. We were the target of attack by many countries. The USA participated in that adventure. This had been recorded by our participants in the aggression against our country. A whole book has been written about this by General Graves, who, at that time, commanded the US Expeditionary Corps. Graves called it ‘The American Adventure in Siberia.”

Kruschev wrote a second letter to Kennedy which was more aggressive and asking him about the missiles stationed in Turkey pointing at

Russia.

Khrushchev wrote to Kennedy twice about the Cuban missile crisis. The first letter was sent on October 26, 1962 and contained the statement that if the United States agreed not to attack Cuba then the Soviet Union would take the weapons out.Below is part of the first letter.

“Why have we proceeded to assist Cuba with military and economic aid? The answer is: We have proceeded to do so only for reasons of humanitarianism. At one time, our people itself had a revolution, when Russia was still a backwards country. We were attacked then. We were the target of attack by many countries. The USA participated in that adventure. This had been recorded by our participants in the aggression against our country. A whole book has been written about this by General Graves, who, at that time, commanded the US Expeditionary Corps. Graves called it ‘The American Adventure in Siberia.”

Kruschev wrote a second letter to Kennedy which was more aggressive and asking him about the missiles stationed in Turkey pointing at

Russia.

Letters from Khrushchev to Kennedy

Berlin Blockade Berlin Blockade

The Soviet Union wanted all of Berlin. At that time the United States,the Soviet Union, France, and Great Britain all occupied some part of Berlin. On June 24, 1948 the Soviet Union blocked off all roads and rail roads entering and leaving East Germany. The other countries were not able to access their part of Berlin. The people in Berlin were starving so the United States and Britain started sending airlifts of food. They ultimately lasted 321 days. A plane took off every three minutes to bring the food and medicine. The blockade ended May 11,

1949.

The Soviet Union wanted all of Berlin. At that time the United States,the Soviet Union, France, and Great Britain all occupied some part of Berlin. On June 24, 1948 the Soviet Union blocked off all roads and rail roads entering and leaving East Germany. The other countries were not able to access their part of Berlin. The people in Berlin were starving so the United States and Britain started sending airlifts of food. They ultimately lasted 321 days. A plane took off every three minutes to bring the food and medicine. The blockade ended May 11,

1949.

The Forming of NATOThe Forming of NATO The North Atlantic Treaty Organization include

twelve nations that have an alliance. These include The United States and The United Kingdome. NATO was officially formed on April 4, 1949. They all signed the North Atlantic Treaty. After the fall of communism NATO has become a political force rather than a military force.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization include twelve nations that have an alliance. These include The United States and The United Kingdome. NATO was officially formed on April 4, 1949. They all signed the North Atlantic Treaty. After the fall of communism NATO has become a political force rather than a military force.

The NATO flag.

The Formation of the Warsaw Pact

The Formation of the Warsaw Pact

Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and mutual assistance was formed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw, Poland. The Warsaw Pact was formed the same year that NATO was announced and is thought to have been created due to NATO’s formation. There were eight members of this pact. This pact is ,since 1991, extinct or

“nonexistent”.

Warsaw Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation, and mutual assistance was formed on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw, Poland. The Warsaw Pact was formed the same year that NATO was announced and is thought to have been created due to NATO’s formation. There were eight members of this pact. This pact is ,since 1991, extinct or

“nonexistent”.

Warsaw poster

Bay of PigsBay of Pigs

On April 15, 1961 aircrafts flew over Cuba attempting to wipe out Castro’s air force. It was supposed to look like it was only Cuban exiles. The attack might have worked if the second and third air strikes had not been cancelled. The mission was overall unsuccessful.

On April 15, 1961 aircrafts flew over Cuba attempting to wipe out Castro’s air force. It was supposed to look like it was only Cuban exiles. The attack might have worked if the second and third air strikes had not been cancelled. The mission was overall unsuccessful.

Berlin WallBerlin Wall

The Berlin Wall was constructed on August 13, 1961. The wall divided East and West Berlin, the people on the East were not allowed to leave. Over 125 people were killed attempting to escape East Berlin.East Berlin was controlled by the Soviet Union and was communist. The wall stayed up for 28 years until June 13, 1990 when the wall was officially taken down.

The Berlin Wall was constructed on August 13, 1961. The wall divided East and West Berlin, the people on the East were not allowed to leave. Over 125 people were killed attempting to escape East Berlin.East Berlin was controlled by the Soviet Union and was communist. The wall stayed up for 28 years until June 13, 1990 when the wall was officially taken down. The Berlin Wall

Space RaceSpace Race

The Space Race was race between the United States and the Soviet Union to see who could explore outer space first. When the Soviets launched Sputnik the whole race slowly began. The Apollo 11 mission by the United States was very successful and was watched by 500million people around the world.

The Space Race was race between the United States and the Soviet Union to see who could explore outer space first. When the Soviets launched Sputnik the whole race slowly began. The Apollo 11 mission by the United States was very successful and was watched by 500million people around the world.

Landing on the moon

How it EndedHow it Ended

Economic reforms were made by Mikhail Gorbachev when he became head of the Soviet Union. His new policies were called perestroika. Gorbachev and Reagan worked together to eliminate nuclear weapons. Demonstration started in East Germany and the Soviet republics began rebelling.

Economic reforms were made by Mikhail Gorbachev when he became head of the Soviet Union. His new policies were called perestroika. Gorbachev and Reagan worked together to eliminate nuclear weapons. Demonstration started in East Germany and the Soviet republics began rebelling.

CitationsCitations

Hillstrom, Kevin. The Cold War. Detroit: Primary Sourcebook Series, 2006. 253-263.

"Timeline of the Cold War." Think Quest. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://library.thinkquest.org/10826/timeline.htm>.

"NATO." Audifaz. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.audifaz.com/coldwar/nato.htm>.

"Nikita Khrushchev." Spartacus Educational. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSkhrushchev.htm>.

"Mikhail Gorbachev." Britannica. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.Britannica.com/eb/article-9037405>.

Sewell, Mike. The Cold War. Cambridge: Cambridge University P, 2002.

Hillstrom, Kevin. The Cold War. Detroit: Primary Sourcebook Series, 2006. 253-263.

"Timeline of the Cold War." Think Quest. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://library.thinkquest.org/10826/timeline.htm>.

"NATO." Audifaz. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.audifaz.com/coldwar/nato.htm>.

"Nikita Khrushchev." Spartacus Educational. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/RUSkhrushchev.htm>.

"Mikhail Gorbachev." Britannica. 29 Nov. 2007 <http://www.Britannica.com/eb/article-9037405>.

Sewell, Mike. The Cold War. Cambridge: Cambridge University P, 2002.