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The Church:

Early (33ad - 400s)

Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)

Reformation (1500s - 1600s)

Modern (1700s - Today)

Reformation (1500s-1600s)

1516ad – Erasmus’ Translation

Problem No text of

Scripture existed that wasn’t

based on the corrupt Latin

Vulgate

Work Erasmus

produced a Greek-Latin parallel New

Testament text, ‘loading the gun’ for the Reformation


1517ad – Luther’s 95 Theses

The Act To express his

frustration with church corruption (Indulgences, greed,

works-based salvation, etc),

Luther nailed the 95 Theses for ‘discussion’

The Result The Theses were translated into

German, printed and distributed

throughout Europe within 2

months, sparking the Reformation


1522ad – Zwingli leads Swiss

Reform He held the

Scriptures in high authority, calling

for Reform in church practices such as baptism, clerical celibacy,

images and communion

Differences He and Luther differed with their views on

communion, and therefore

couldn’t unite the Reformation


1525ad – Anabaptists

Beliefs “Zwingli’s

reforms should go further”:

1. Believer’s Baptism only

2. Separation of Church & State

Persecution Their beliefs

were too radical for both

Catholics and Reformers.

They were persecuted, many

by drowning.


1526ad – Tyndale & Coverdale

Tyndale 1526 - First to translate and print the New Testament in English - from the original

Greek.

Eventually he was burned at

the stake.

Coverdale 1535 - Picked up Tyndale’s work,

used German and Latin as sources, and printed the

first full Bible in English language


1536ad – Calvin Writes

Influence - French Reformer Luther started the Reformation, and

then Calvin developed it

further and spread its popularity

‘Institutes’ 1536 – Calvin

wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion, a fuller explanation of

Reformed beliefs


1545ad – Council of Trent

Purpose 1. To Condemn

Reformation teachings (Luther

& Calvin)

2. To clean up Catholicism

(remove scorn)

Conclusion - Good works - Apocrypha - Tradition - 7 Sacraments - Transub-

stantiation - Purgatory - Indulgences - Celibacy - Latin Vulgate

[til 1563]


1560ad – Geneva Bible

Purpose To produce a full

English Bible entirely from the original Hebrew

and Greek

Result It was the first

Bible with verses, first Study Bible with notes, the

first Bible in America, and the most popular for about 100 years


1563ad – Book of Martyrs

Work A history of the

persecutions Christians

endured, especially at the hand of Catholicism in

England

Impact It stirred up a

strong negative perception of

Catholicism and became one of

the most widely read Christian

books ever


1572ad – Holiday Massacre

Order The French King’s mother ordered the slaughter of

all Protestant leaders in France [‘Huguenots] on St. Bartholomew’s Day

Death Approximately

30,000 Protestant

church leaders were killed by

Catholics


1611ad – King James Bible

Purpose To produce a new

Bible to replace the popular Protestant Geneva Bible, which had controversial

marginal notes (Pope is an anti-Christ, etc)

Result The King James

Bible (Authorized Version) was

published in 1611, eventually

becoming best selling book ever


1618ad – Synod of Dort

Purpose To address the

rising popularity of Arminiasm in

the Dutch Reformed church as it was opposed

to Calvinism

Result Arminiasm was

rejected, and the 5 Points of Calvinism were

drafted to summarize its

beliefs: T.U.L.I.P.


1620ad – Mayflower Compact

Mayflower The ship carried many Protestants

(‘Separatists’) wanting to escape

the corruption and abuse of the

church of England

Compact A document was

signed stating their cause for

settling and intent on establishing

just laws for governance

“Having undertaken for the Glory of God and advancement of the Christian Faith..”


1630ad – Winthrop & Puritans

Winthrop Landowner who sold everything and led the first of many Puritans

to America, becoming their

governor

Purpose Not permitted to purify the church of England, the ‘Puritans’ sailed to America to carry out their reforms in a

colony abroad


1646ad – Westminster Confession

Purpose 121 Puritan

clergymen met to draft an official

document for the reformation of the Church of

England into more of a Presbyterian

model

Influence Considered the

greatest of all the creeds and

unsurpassed by any as an accurate and

concise statement of Christian doctrine, backed by much

Scripture


1647ad –George Fox & Quakers

Fox An English man who proposed a

radical faith gained from an ‘inner light’, and doing away with hymns, sermons,

sacraments, creeds

Quakers Known for their

emotion, Fox founded the

Quakers, stressing guidance of the Holy Spirit

and rejected outward rites and

an ordained ministry


1666ad – Brother Lawrence

Person A poor, lay monk

from France (Nicolas Herman),

he had a limp, worked in the kitchen, then

mended sandals

Impact He had great wisdom on

‘Practicing the Presence of

God’, gleaned from 16 letters

and 4 conversations


1678ad – Pilgrim’s Progress

Bunyan John Bunyan was imprisoned for preaching his

beliefs, spending over 12 years in

prison, away from his family

Book ‘The Pilgrim’s Progress’, an

allegory of the Christian life, is the

most widely circulated book

apart from the Bible


1689ad – Act of Toleration

Act An act of Parliament granting freedom of

worship to Protestants and

allowing them their own places of

worship and their own teachers and

preachers

Result Persecutions were greatly reduced

against Christians who were not

members of the Church of England

The Church:

Early (33 - 400s)

Middle Ages (500s – 1400s)

Reformation (1500s - 1600s)

Modern (1700s - Today)

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