The Chemical Elements

The periodic table organizes elements into:

Groups or Families that have similar properties

Periodic Table Organization

Groups: Vertical Columns

Periods: Horizontal Rows

Group Numbers and Family Names Representative Elements

IA Alkali Metal Family

IIA Alkaline Earth Metal Family

IIIA Aluminum Family

IVA Carbon Family

VA Nitrogen Family

VIA Chalkogen family

VIIA Halogen Family

VIIIA Noble Gas Family

Group Numbers Transition Elements

IIIB ScIVB TiVB VVIB CrVIIB MnVIIIB Fe, Co, NiIB CuIIB Zn

Inner Transition Elements

Period 6 atomic #s 57- 71 Lanthanides

Period 7 atomic #s 89 – 103

Actinides

4 General Classes of Elements

1. Metals

Characteristics

High Luster

Solid at Room Temperature (most)

High Tensile Strength

Malleable and Ductile

Good Electrical Conductors

Form Highly Colored Compounds

Gem Stones

Nonmetals

Characteristics

Most are Gases at Room Temperature

Solids are Brittle

Poor Conductors of Heat and Electricity

Good Insulators

Properties vary Across and Down Table

Metalloids

Characteristics

Solids at room temperature

Less malleable than metals

Less brittle than nonmetals

Less conductive than metals

More conductive than nonmetals

Called Semi – conductors

Noble Gases

Characteristics

Nonreactive Gases at Room Temperature

Don’t Inhale Helium