Cell Structures & Organelles Plasma Membrane. Cell Organelles Phospholipid Molecule.
The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane...
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Transcript of The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane...
![Page 1: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Cell Membrane
![Page 2: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Notes Outline
• I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory• II. The Cell Membrane
a) Selective Permeability• III. Structure
a) Phospholipid Bilayerb) Proteinsc) Cholesterol d) Carbohydrates
• IV. Fluid Mosaic Model
![Page 3: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory
• Mid 1600’s:-Robert Hooke: used an early compound microscope to observe a thin slice of cork (plant material). The cork had empty chambers which he called “cells”
-Anton van Leeuwenhoek: observed tiny living things in pond water using a simple microscope
![Page 4: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory
• The Cell Theory:1. All living things are composed
of cells 2. Cells are the basic units of
structure and function in living things
3. New cells are produced from existing cells
![Page 5: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
II. The Cell Membrane
• All cells are surrounded by a thin, flexible barrier known as the cell membrane, aka the plasma membrane
• Helps regulate what enters and leaves the cella) Selectively Permeable: only certain substances
are allowed into and out of the cell Ex: Oxygen is allowed into n animal cell but is not
allowed to go out
• Provides structure and protection
![Page 6: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
III. Structure
a) Phospholipid bilayer (two layers)– Phospholipid has:
• Two fatty acid chains (hydrophobic)• Glycerol backbone• Phosphate head (hydrophilic)
![Page 7: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
III. Structureb) Proteins:
• Protein markers: helps cells recognize each other – Ex: HIV only attacks white blood cells
because it recognizes only those markers
• Proteins as Enzymes: they help speed up reactions– Ex: sperm cells have enzymes on their
membrane to help break into the egg
• Channel Proteins: serve as tunnels through which large particles can move into or out of the cell
![Page 8: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
III. Structure
c) Cholesterol: Strengthens the membrane and prevents the fatty acids from sticking together
d) Carbohydrates: Help with identification of cells and help anchor proteins in the membrane
![Page 9: The Cell Membrane. Notes Outline I. History of the Cell and Cell Theory II. The Cell Membrane a)Selective Permeability III. Structure a)Phospholipid Bilayer.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062423/56649eba5503460f94bc264a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
IV. Fluid Mosaic Model
• The membrane is very flexible due to the fatty acid chains
• The membrane also holds all of the structures listed above
• So we call it a:– Fluid (is flowing) Mosaic (lots of different
things) Model• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ULR7
9TiUj80