THE CATAPULT PROJECT -...

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Name: _________________________________ THE CATAPULT PROJECT Definition: cat∙a∙pult ˈ kadәˌ pәlt/ noun device in which accumulated tension is suddenly released to hurl an object some distance, in particular. verb hurl or launch (something) in a specified direction with or as if with a catapult. “The boulder was catapulted into the sea" A catapult is a ballistic device used to launch a projectile a great distance without the aid of explosive devices—particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines. Although the catapult has been used since ancient times, it has proven to be one of the most effective mechanisms during warfare. The word 'catapult' comes from the Latin 'catapulta', which in turn comes from the Greek καταπέλτης (katapeltēs), itself from (kata), "downwards" + πάλλω (pallō), "to toss, to hurl". Catapults were invented by the ancient Greeks. The task: For this STEM project, you must build a catapult that is able launch an object of your choice. Your objects cannot be bigger than 3 inches in diameter (or length). Your catapult should be able to launch the object with various speeds in order for your object to travel different heights, distances, and with different forces. The same catapult should be able to successfully perform the following four tasks: 1. Knock down a wall that is 2 feet away. The wall will be 2 feet high. 2. Tear through a paper wall that is 2 feet away. 3. Score a basket at a short range (2 3 feet away) 4. Score a basket at a long range (7+ feet away) You may use the same object to complete each task above, or use different objects for different tasks, but you may only have ONE CATAPULT. You will have roughly 4 weeks to complete this project. Below is a rough outline of the timelines. Week 1 (May 11 15): Research, initial design, materials list, final design (with measurements) Week 2 (May 18 22): Construction of catapult Week 3 (May 26 29): Construction of catapult Week 4 (June 1 3): Construction of catapult, testing, reflection Catapult Test Date: June 5th, 2015 ( NO EXTENSIONS!) There will be no construction of the catapult on this day. The first hour will be dedicated to testing and the second hour will be dedicated to the analysis of the effectiveness of your catapult.

Transcript of THE CATAPULT PROJECT -...

Name: _________________________________ THE CATAPULT PROJECT

Definition: cat∙a∙pult k̍adә p̩әlt/ 

noun device in which accumulated tension is suddenly released to hurl an object some  distance, in particular. 

verb hurl or launch (something) in a specified direction with or as if with a catapult.  “The boulder was catapulted into the sea" 

   A catapult is a ballistic device used to launch a projectile a great distance without the aid of explosive devices—particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines. Although the catapult has been used since ancient times, it has proven to be one of the most effective mechanisms during warfare. The word 'catapult' comes from the Latin 'catapulta', which in turn comes from the Greek καταπέλτης (katapeltēs), itself from (kata), "downwards" + πάλλω (pallō), "to toss, to hurl". Catapults were invented by the ancient Greeks. 

 The task: For this STEM project, you must build a catapult that is able launch an object of your choice. Your objects cannot be bigger than 3 inches in diameter (or length). Your catapult should be able to launch the object with various speeds in order for your object to travel different heights, distances, and with different forces.   The same catapult should be able to successfully perform the following four tasks: 

1. Knock down a wall that is 2 feet away. The wall will be 2 feet high.  2. Tear through a paper wall that is 2 feet away. 3. Score a basket at a short range (2 ­ 3 feet away) 4. Score a basket at a long range (7+ feet away) 

 You may use the same object to complete each task above, or use different objects for different tasks, but you may only have ONE CATAPULT. You will have roughly 4 weeks to complete this project. Below is a rough outline of the timelines.  Week 1 (May 11 ­ 15): Research, initial design, materials list, final design (with measurements) Week 2 (May 18 ­ 22): Construction of catapult Week 3 (May 26 ­ 29): Construction of catapult Week 4 (June 1 ­ 3): Construction of catapult, testing, reflection  Catapult Test Date: June 5th, 2015 (NO EXTENSIONS!) There will be no construction of the catapult on this day. The first hour will be dedicated to testing and the second hour will be dedicated to the analysis of the effectiveness of your catapult.  

Design requirements: ● The main material from which you will build your catapult will be wood.  ● Your catapult must be able to launch an object at different speeds, lengths, and heights in order 

to complete all the tasks.  ● Your catapult must launch the object without your help (for example, your hand cannot provide 

the force needed to launch the object, but you can use your hands to wind the catapult).  ● We will provide wood (limited amount), tools, screws, glue guns, glue sticks, rubber bands, 

nails. If you wish to use materials other than the ones listed here, you must bring your own  ○ If you do bring your own material, you cannot spend more than $10 

■ The launch objects do not count towards the $10 limit ○ In order to use these materials, you must show your teacher the receipt for the materials 

that you purchased in order to verify the total cost. ■ You cannot use the materials you brought unless the teacher has verified the 

cost of the materials.   Design restrictions:

● Your catapult cannot be bigger than 2 x 2 x 2 feet.  ● Your object(s) cannot be larger than 3 inches in diameter ● You object cannot be sharp ● You must bring your own object(s) to launch 

 Project expectations

● Work in groups of 3 ­ 4 ● All members MUST complete this packet individually ● All members MUST participate in the design and construction of the catapult ● The catapult must be finished BEFORE the testing deadline. No extra time will be given.  ● Come up with a name, a logo or “sigil”, and a slogan for your team. You must include the image 

of your logo or crest in your catapult.  To make it interesting, come up with a name that goes along with the medieval or war themes.  

○ Examples:

Background Research:  There have been different types of catapult built over the course of history. In the table below, find more information about each type of catapult before sketching your initial design. Make sure you write down key features of each catapult (what makes this catapult unique?) and a sketch of the design. Lastly, list a couple of design features from each catapult that you think would be useful or necessary in your own catapult design.   

Ballista 

Description:  Sketch of design and how it works:  List of unique features:  List of design features that you plan on using: 

                  

Springald 

Description:  Sketch of design and how it works:  List of unique features:  List of design features that you plan on using: 

                  

Onager (Mangonel) 

Description:  Sketch of design and how it works:  List of unique features:  List of design features that you plan on using: 

                       

Trebuchet 

Description:  Sketch of design and how it works:  List of unique features:  List of design features that you plan on using: 

                       

 

Initial Design Concept: Now that you have researched and found some information on the most common types of catapults, create a design of your own. Keep in mind that your catapult must be able to adjust the launch force. DO NOT collaborate with your group members on this portion. It is important that you come up with your own ideas so that you can contribute your unique ideas to the group later on.    

Initial Design Sketch (Label the purpose or the function of every part of your catapult):                             

List all the unique features of your design.             

Final Design Concept: After completing your own design, share your thoughts with your team members. Discuss the key features of your design and why they are necessary for the success of this project and the completion of the performance tasks.   

Final Design Sketch (Label every part of your catapult and EXPLAIN the function of each part of the catapult)                                   

List all the unique features of your design        

Materials Research: As a group, determine all of the materials that you will need in order to build your catapult. Include EVERY material or tool you think you will use, no matter how big or small. This includes simple items like paperclips or nails as well as power tools such as a drill. Along with each item, include the dimensions or the  quantity/amount that you will need in order to successfully complete your catapult.   

Materials (with dimensions or quantities)  Tools 

                  

 

  Guild name and Crest/logo: As a group, come up with a guild name to represent your group. In addition, draw a representative crest or logo in the space below along with a slogan. You will be required to inscribe your logo or slogan in your catapult.   Guild name: ______________________________________________ Slogan: __________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Crest/logo (with color):

Procedure: You MUST document your construction process. Use the space below as an open, free space to write notes as you construct your catapult. When you are finished building your catapult, create a detailed, procedure list noting all of the steps and processes you did in order to build your catapult (write in a way that would allow someone else to build your catapult without your help).   

Sketch or write notes as you construct your catapult here:                 

 Procedure steps: 

1. ___________________________________________________________________________ 2. ___________________________________________________________________________ 3. ___________________________________________________________________________ 4. ___________________________________________________________________________ 5. ___________________________________________________________________________ 6. ___________________________________________________________________________ 7. ___________________________________________________________________________ 8. ___________________________________________________________________________ 9. ___________________________________________________________________________ 10. ___________________________________________________________________________ 11. ___________________________________________________________________________ 12. ___________________________________________________________________________ 13. ___________________________________________________________________________ 14. ___________________________________________________________________________ 15. ___________________________________________________________________________ 16. ___________________________________________________________________________ 17. ___________________________________________________________________________ 18. ___________________________________________________________________________ 19. ___________________________________________________________________________ 20. ___________________________________________________________________________ 21. ___________________________________________________________________________ 

*If you need more space, you may continue this list on a separate sheet of paper and staple it to this packet when you are finished* 

Performance task results: It’s time to battle! In the space provided below, write down any observations that you make as you go through each performance task. Include sketches of how your catapult launched the object with an explanation of how it completed each task. Also, include notes on any issues or problems that you may encounter during the performance tasks.   Task 1: Knock down that wall

Observations (Sketches and descriptions)  Notes (What worked? What didn’t work?): 

                  

 

 Task 2: Tear through the paper wall

Observations (Sketches and descriptions)  Notes (What worked? What didn’t work?): 

                  

 

Task 3: Aim and launch (short range)

Observations (Sketches and descriptions)  Notes (What worked? What didn’t work?): 

Catapult was ________ feet away from the target                      

 

 Task 3: Aim and launch (Long range)

Observations (Sketches and descriptions)  Notes (What worked? What didn’t work?): 

Catapult was ________ feet away from the target                    

 

Reflection: Use the performance task results, observations, and notes in order to answer the following questions. A reflective, detailed response will result in higher marks than obvious, simple answers.  

1. On a scale from 1 ­ 4 (4 being the highest score), how would you rate the performance of your catapult design? Use specific details from your observations to thoroughly explain why you chose that score. 

        

2. What were the strengths of your design? List at least 3 aspects and explain each one.          

3. What were some of the issues in your catapult design? How did these issues affect the performance or effectiveness of your launch? List at least 3 issues and explain each one.  

         

4. Choose a catapult that another group has created. What were some aspects of their design that impressed you or that you thought were very efficient? Explain. 

        

5. If you could rebuild your catapult and improve its performance, what would you change in your catapult design, and how will that design change improve the function of your catapult? BE SPECIFIC!!! 

           

6. Draw a design of a new, improved catapult, with all the features and improvements you mentioned in question 5. Make sure you explain the purpose each part of the catapult and how it functions.