The Case for Retiring Columbia Generating Station · Columbia Generating Station Boiling water...
Transcript of The Case for Retiring Columbia Generating Station · Columbia Generating Station Boiling water...
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The Case for Retiring
Columbia Generating
Station
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No Nukes Northwest
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Columbia Generating Station
Boiling water reactor used to produce heat to run
turbines to create electricity (same as Fukushima)
Uranium fueled
Located on the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in
eastern Washington just north of Richland,
Kennewick and Pasco
Cooled by the Columbia River
The Only Nuclear Power Plant
in the Northwest
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CGS
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CGS
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CGS
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CGS has generated
electricity with nuclear
power for 30 years…
but supplies only 3.9% of the Northwest region’s needs.
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Nuclear Power
Dirty Dangerous
Expensive
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It is Dirty
Utah Uranium Mine
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Carbon Emitted per Kilowatt
*Uranium mining
Total: 66.08 g/kWh
25.09
8.2 11.58
9.2
12.01
*
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Not the Carbon Free Energy
as Advertised
Construction
Milling, Mining and Enrichment
Heavy Water Production
Energy NW Paducah Fuel Contract
Coal (with scrubbing)
Natural gas (CCCT)
Nuclear
Solar (PV)
Solar (parabolic trough)
Hydroelectric
Wind (onshore)
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Life Cycle GHG Emissions
(based on Sovacool, Energy Policy 36 (2008) 2940– 2953)
g CO2eq/kWh
Nuclear
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It is Dangerous
Design Location Radioactive Legacy
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Fukushima vs. CGS
“Atomic energy is a stupid way
to boil water.” ~Buckminster Fuller
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Boiling Water Reactor Design at
Fukushima Daiichi
Spent Fuel
Pool
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Spent Fuel Pool Design
Fukushima Dai-ichi Reactor
Unit 4
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Aging Reactors In
cre
as
ed
Fa
ilu
re R
ate
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CGS Problems to Date
Safety issues
Electrical fires
Aging parts
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Location
June 14, 2011 Fort Calhoun, NB and Missouri River
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Wildfires on the Hanford
Reservation
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Known Earthquakes Affecting Hanford Region
Year: 1872
Magnitude 7.4
Hanford
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Newly-Discovered
Earthquake Potential
Hanford lies on 12 known
earthquake fault lines
Tied to Puget Sound
subduction zone
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Hanford
Reservation
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Dams
on the
Columbia
River
Hanford
Grand Coulee
Portland
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Grand Coulee Earthquake
• 1872 earthquake epicenter was less
than 100 miles from Grand Coulee site
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Teton Dam Collapse 1976
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Nov 17, 2013
3.2
Earthquake
epicenter
CGS
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CGS Website on
Seismic Bracing
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Human Acts of Destruction
A terrorist attack on CGS may
have been planned by Al Qaeda
in 2002
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Guarding Spent Fuel Rods
at CGS
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Squirrels to Solar Flares
The electrical grid can be
knocked out for hours with
common incidents.
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It is Dangerous
Radioactive Waste: High and Low
Level HOSS: hardened on-site
storage for spent fuel
rods
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Hanford Nuclear Reservation “The most polluted place in the Western Hemisphere”
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Radioactive Waste
High Level
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H.O.S.S.
HARDENED ON-SITE STORAGE for High Level Waste
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Radioactive Waste
Low Level
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It is Expensive
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Bathtub Curve
Market Price (Mid-C)
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What are the real costs? Columbia Generating Station Operating Expenses
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Future Capital Expenditures Needed to Maintain CGS: Fukushima-type upgrades
including filters and vents ($24-30 million)
Seismic upgrades (unknown $$)
Normal end-of-life part replacements including the steam generator and turbines ($122 m)
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“No days lost in 10 years” The truth is that the maintenance
time for 2011 which was scheduled to
be 80 days stretched to 175 days
because of the replacement of the
brass condenser
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Potential Economic
Consequences of Meltdown
Intense contamination of the Columbia River
Displacement of large groups of residents (Richland, Kennewick, Pasco and possibly beyond to Portland/Vancouver)
Creation of hundreds of square miles of uninhabitable land
Major economic impact on industries
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50 mile radius = 300,000 people
Yakima
Pendleton
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Industries within 50 Miles
of Hanford
Salmon
Fruit, vegetables and hops
Wine
Research & Fabrication Companies
◦ Battelle NW Labs ($1 billion annual revenue)
◦ Areva nuclear fuel fabrication (French company)
◦ Silicon manufacturers
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Double Jeopardy:
Hanford Waste and CGS
K
15 miles
B-C
Tank Farms
Priest Rapids
Dam
CGS
Columbia River
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Hanford Nuclear Waste
K Basin: spent fuel from nuclear production
reactors (1968) considered one of most
vulnerable sites at Hanford because of
corroded pools
WESF: largest concentration of strontium and
cesium in the world; no containment or back-up
systems; located near the tank farms
Tank Farms: enough plutonium to make 70
nuclear bombs
CGS: above-ground holding pool (similar to
Fukushima) is already 2/3rds full of spent fuel
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B Reactor
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Path to a
Nuclear-Free
Energy Plan
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What is Needed to Replace the
3.9% Electricity Produced by
CGS?
Conservation through efficient
technology and PUD incentives
( Potential energy savings: 3 to 5%)
Safer, cleaner energy production
through alternatives like wind and
solar
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Energy Efficiencies
Residential: LED, heat pump and
power strip technologies as well as
monitoring equipment
Commercial and Industrial: new
building systems as well as retrofits,
greater use of combined heat and
power (CHP) systems, new
agricultural energy technologies
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Renewable Energy Sources
Reported by Washington Utilities
2012
Wind
75%
Hydro
Upgrades 22%
Solar .02%
Biomass 2%
Landfill Gas .6%
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Alternative Energy Has
Relative Short Start-Up Time
Exelon’s first commercial wind farm only started operating in January 2012. The company now has 44 wind projects operating in 10 different states.
Nuclear plant takes 10-15 years to
build.
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Other Regions Are Well On Their
Way to Alternatives to Nuclear
According to Christopher Crane, the CEO of
energy giant Exelon, “as wind power
increases, nuclear power will decrease”
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Driving Factors to Abandon Nuclear:
Costs and Safety Concerns
Are Global Concern
U.K.’s plan to build 10 new
nuclear power plants just lost the
backing of British utility Centrica
In Japan, only two of 54 have
been allowed to continue
operation
Germany plans to shut down all
of its nuclear plants by 2022
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Citizens Don’t Want It
“Nuclear power
is everywhere –
no thank you!”
Germany 2012
50,000 Germans
block railway
deliveries of uranium
(Nov 2010)
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What about the Costs of
Decommissioning?
Much of it could be covered by
foregone capital expenditures
needed for new Fukushima-
driven regulatory requirements
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Nuclear power is dirty,
dangerous and
expensive.
There are alternatives!
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What You Can Do
Support the closing of CGS for
safety and economic reasons
Support energy conservation
Contact Kitzhaber, DeFazio, Merkley
and Wyden
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ShutDownCGS.wordpress.com
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http://www.energy-
northwest.com/news/2011/documents/NR
%2011-
11%20Nuclear%20Energy%20Facility%20
Connects%20to%20Power%20Grid%20FI
NAL.pdf
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Tokyo
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Information on Fukushima
Radiation
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/new
s/energy/2013/08/130807-fukushima-
radioactive-water-leak/
http://ww.activistpost.com/2013/10/some
thing-is-killing-life-all-over.html