The California Child Welfare System: Data Snapshot Barbara Needell, MSW, PhD Emily Putnam Hornstein,...
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The California Child Welfare System: Data Snapshot Barbara Needell, MSW, PhD Emily Putnam Hornstein, MSW Joseph Magruder, MSW Center for Social Services Research University of California at Berkeley Beyond the Bench December 2005 The Performance Indicators Project at CSSR is supported by the California Department of Social Services and the Stuart Foundation CSSR.BERKELEY.EDU/CWSCMSREPORTS (Presentations)
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Transcript of The California Child Welfare System: Data Snapshot Barbara Needell, MSW, PhD Emily Putnam Hornstein,...
The California Child Welfare System:
Data Snapshot
Barbara Needell, MSW, PhDEmily Putnam Hornstein, MSW
Joseph Magruder, MSWCenter for Social Services ResearchUniversity of California at Berkeley
Beyond the BenchDecember 2005
The Performance Indicators Project at CSSR is supported by the California Department of Social Services and the Stuart
Foundation
CSSR.BERKELEY.EDU/CWSCMSREPORTS (Presentations)
Point in Time
Exit Cohorts
Entry Cohorts
Data
3 Views of Data
California EXAMPLE: Age of Foster Children
(2003 first entries, 2003 exits, July 1 2004 caseload)(2003 first entries, 2003 exits, July 1 2004 caseload)
22
4 5
31 30
2422
24 24
2022
32
5
19
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
<1 yr 1-5 yrs 6-10 yrs 11-15 yrs 16+ yrs
%
Entries
Exits
Point in Time
April 2005
California: Voluntary and Involuntary Service
Status
1%
47% 53%
4%
96%
14%
86%
Voluntary Involuntary
Family Reunification (22.4% of Services)
Family Maintenance (24.5% of Services)
Permanent Placement (48.9% of Services)
Missing
In Home Services Out of Home Services
April 2005
In Home Services by County:(Family Maintenance)Percent Involuntary
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
A
lam
eda
Alp
ine
A
mad
or
B
utt
e
Cal
aver
as
C
olu
sa
C
on
tra
Co
sta
Del
No
rte
El D
ora
do
F
resn
o
G
len
n
H
um
bo
ldt
Im
per
ial
Inyo
Ker
n
K
ing
s
Lak
e
L
asse
n
Lo
s A
ng
eles
M
ader
a
M
arin
M
ader
a
Men
do
cin
o
M
erce
d
Mo
do
c
Mo
no
M
on
tere
y
Nap
a
N
evad
a
O
ran
ge
P
lace
r
P
lum
as
Riv
ersi
de
Sac
ram
ento
San
Ben
ito
S
an B
ern
ard
ino
San
Die
go
S
an F
ran
cisc
o
San
Jo
aqu
in
San
Lu
is O
bis
po
San
Mat
eo
S
anta
Bar
bar
a
San
ta C
lara
San
ta C
ruz
S
has
ta
Sie
rra
S
iski
you
S
ola
no
S
on
om
a
Sta
nis
lau
s
S
utt
er
T
eham
a
Tri
nit
y
T
ula
re
T
uo
lum
ne
V
entu
ra
Yo
lo
Yu
ba
Involuntary
<1 yr1-2 yrs
3-5 yrs6-10 yrs
11-15 yrs
16-17 yrs
BlackNative
American ALLWhite
HispanicAsian
142
105108
105
91
69
96
88
74
52
43
27
61
495555
50
40
49
4048
5046
36
47
425050
44
36
19
1519
2017
15
2004 California:
Referrals per 1,000 by Age and Ethnicity
(97.9)*
(52.9) * (51.4) *(45.3) *
(45.7) *(17.7) *
* Series total
2004
California: Substantiated Referrals per 1,000
by Age and Ethnicity
<1yr1-2yrs
3-5yrs6-10yrs
11-15yrs16-17yrs
BlackNative
American ALLWhite
HispanicAsian
61
27
2523
20
13
50
31
25
14
10
5
23
1313
12
10
7
22
1212
11
9
6
20
1213
12
10
7
8
44
5
4
3
(23.1)*
(15.6)* (11.5)*(10.5)*
(11.3)*(4.2)*
* Series total
2004 First Entries California:
Entries to Foster Care per 1,000 by Age and Ethnicity
<1yr1-2yrs
3-5yrs6-10yrs
11-15yrs16-17yrs
BlackNative
American ALLWhite
HispanicAsian
36
11
8
6
5
3
28
15
7
3
2
1
12
4
32
21
12
4
3
22
1
10
4
3
22
1
4
1
11
1
0
(7.0)*
(4.6)* (2.8)*(2.7)*
(2.8)*(0.9)** Series total
April 2005
California: Children in Care per 1,000
by Age and Ethnicity
<1yr1-2yrs
3-5yrs6-10yrs
11-15yrs16-17yrs
BlackNative
American ALLWhite
HispanicAsian
25
33
2832
43
37
19
25
16
1313
10
897
810
8
88
66
8
6
68
777
6
3
22
22
2
(35.4)*
(13.8)* (8.4)*(7.0)*
(6.9)*(1.8)** Series total
1998 to June 2005
California:First Entries by First Placement Type
0
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
Entry Year
Pla
cem
ent
Fre
qu
ency
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
TO
TA
L F
requ
ency
1998 1999 2004 20052001 2002 20032000
Group
Kinship
FFA
Foster
TOTAL
1998 to July 2005
California: Caseload by Placement Type
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
Point in Time
Pla
cem
ent
Fre
qu
ency
0
20,000
40,000
60,000
80,000
100,000
120,000
TO
TA
L F
requ
ency
1998 1999 2004 20052001 2002 20032000
Group
Kinship
FFA
Foster
TOTAL
April 1, 2005
California:Child Welfare Foster Care Caseload
by Age and Placement Type
<1yr1-2yrs
3-5yrs6-10yrs
11-15yrs16-20yrs
KinFoster
FFA
Group
34
4442
38
30
28
31
16
12
109
9
2623
2525
23
18
11
15
1417
% of children
(34.5)*
(11.4)*
(23.3)*
(8.7)** Series total
April 1, 2005
California:Child Welfare Foster Care Caseload
by Ethnicity and Placement Type
38
18
10 10
30
25
13
11
35
26
11
7
32
27
12
7
30
27
12
10
35
23
119
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
% o
f C
hild
ren
Black White Hispanic Asian NativeAmerican
TOTAL
Group
Foster
FFA
Kin
1998 First Entries
California: Placement Stability Over 72 Months
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
3 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72 3 6 12 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
1 placement 2 placements 3 placements 4 placements 5+ placements
Kin Non-Kin
Months Months
1998-2002
California: Placement Stability at 24 Months
by Entry Year
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
5+
4
3
2
1
Kin Non-Kin# of placements
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 3 6 12 15 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
Months from First Entry
<1 yr 1-2 yrs 3-5 yrs 6-10 yrs 11-15 yrs 16-17 yrs
1998 Entries
California Exits Over Time Reunified and Still in Care by Age:
Kin
In Care
Reunified
%
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 3 6 12 15 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
<1 yr 1-2 yrs 3-5 yrs 6-10 yrs 11-15 yrs 16-17 yrs
Months from First Entry
1998 Entries
California Exits Over Time Reunified and Still in Care by Age:
Non-Kin
In Care
Reunified
%
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 3 6 12 15 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
Black White Hispanic Asian/Other Native American
1998 Entries
California Exits Over Time Reunified and Still in Care by
Ethnicity:Kin
In Care
Reunified
Months from First Entry
%
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 3 6 12 15 18 24 30 36 42 48 54 60 66 72
Black White Hispanic Asian/Other Native American
1998 Entries
California Exits Over Time Reunified and Still in Care by
Ethnicity:Non-Kin
In Care
Reunified
%
Months from First Entry
2001 First Entries California:
Reentry following Reunificationwithin 12 months by Age
8.0
4.3
6.2
14.5
5.3
5.9
6.2
5.2
2.4
11.7
4.1
5.0
6.2
5.1
4.8
8.9
5.3
4.1
5.9
3.5
2.0
8.6
3.9
3.9
4.0
5.3
3.3
9.3
4.5
3.5
3.6
1.80.0
5.8
1.70.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin
<1 yr 1-2 yrs 3-5 yrs 6-10 yrs 11-15 yrs 16-17 yrs
Kin
Within 6 months
6-12 months
12-24 months
18.5
25.7
13.8
20.8
16.1
18.3
11.4
16.4
12.6
17.3
5.4
8.4
%
2001 First Entries California:
Reentry following Reunificationwithin 12 months by Ethnicity
7.0
6.3
3.6
13.9
5.6
5.6
6.2
5.7
3.5
10.3
4.9
3.6
5.6
3.0
3.1
8.5
3.6
4.4
4.3
2.8
7.8
3.5
2.0
6.4
6.4
8.5
17.9
4.7
3.6
5.9
4.6
3.4
10.0
4.4
4.1
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin Kin Non-Kin
Black White Hispanic Asian Native American
TOTAL
%
12-24 months
6-12 months
Within 6 months
16.9
25.1
15.4
18.8
11.7
16.5
7.1
13.3
21.3
26.2
13.9
18.5
The Cycle of Experiences in the Child Welfare The Cycle of Experiences in the Child Welfare SystemSystem
CounterbalancedCounterbalancedIndicators ofIndicators of
SystemSystemPerformancePerformance
PermanencyPermanencyThroughThrough
Reunification,Reunification,Adoption, orAdoption, orGuardianshipGuardianship
LengthLengthof Stayof Stay
StabilityStabilityof Careof Care
Rate of Referrals/Rate of Referrals/Substantiated ReferralsSubstantiated Referrals Home-BasedHome-Based
Services vs.Services vs.Out of HomeOut of Home
CareCare
Positive Positive AttachmentsAttachments
to Family,to Family,Friends, andFriends, andNeighborsNeighbors
Use of LeastUse of LeastRestrictiveRestrictive
Form of CareForm of Care
Source: Usher, C.L., Wildfire, J.B., Gogan, H.C. & Brown, E.L. (2002). Measuring Outcomes in Child Welfare. Chapel Hill: Jordan Institute for Families,
Reentry to CareReentry to Care
DATA ABUSE will not help end CHILD ABUSE
• Beware:County rankings on individual measuresComposite scores that mask issuesSmall populationsInappropriate views
• ConsiderPerformance over timeAge, gender and race/ethnicityLocal Practice and Policy changes needed to impact
outcomes
Data are Your Friends
fin
