The Built Environment, Traffic Safety and Travel Choice
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Transcript of The Built Environment, Traffic Safety and Travel Choice
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Davis, CA14 % of people ride to work
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Davis, CA
Road Fatality Rate: 1 per 100,000
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Road Fatality Rate for All 157 California Cities Over 40,000
number per 100,000 population
0.0
17.3
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Road Fatality Rate for All 157 California Cities Over 40,000
number per 100,000 population
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. Norman W Garrick
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Risk of Fatality
(Fatalities as % of Injuries) California Cities of 40,000 to 120,000
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Adapted from Stephen Marshall
Pre-1950’s Post-1950’s
Evolution of the Street Network
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FHA Technical Bulletin No. 7 (1938)Planning Profitable Neighborhoods
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According to the FHA the grid layout was
MonotonousHad Little CharacterUneconomicalPosed Safety Concerns
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Street network, safety and sustainability in 24 medium sized California cities
Cities selected to represent a range of traffic safety level
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Shape and Configuration
Network Scale
Network Connectivity
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Citywide Street NetworkN
eigh
borh
ood
Stre
et N
etw
ork Linear Tree Grid
Tributary Radial
Grid
Tree
Adapted from Stephen Marshall, Streets & Patterns
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550 Intersections per Square Mile
Network Scale
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110 Intersections per Square Mile
Network Scale
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45 Intersections per Square Mile
Network Scale
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Link-to-Node Ratio = 1.61
Link-to-Node Ratio = 1.13
Link-to-Node Ratio = 1.16
Network Connectivity
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Street Network Properties
Street Design PropertiesAverage Total Number of LanesAverage Outside Shoulder WidthRaised MedianPainted MedianOn-Street ParkingBike LanesRaised Curbs
Travel and Activity Level
Distance from City Center
Income
Mix of Land Use
Variables included in Our Safety and Travel Choice Models
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Safety Analysis Based on Geo-coding 230,000 Accident Recordsin 24 California Cities
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Safety and Travel Choice Analysis done for 1040 Census Block Groups 24 California Cities
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Travel Choice Based on Census Data1040 Census Block Groups, 24 California Cities
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versus
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versus
SafetyRisk of Severe Injury or Fatality
Chance of being Severely Injured
30% Higher
Chance of being Killed
50% Higher
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Odds of Dying in a Road Accident based on Intersection Density
1 in 200
1 in 500
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Percentage of People Walking, Biking or Taking Transit
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Percentage of People Walking, Biking or Taking TransitEffect of Intersection Density for Cul-de-sac Network
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Percentage of People Walking, Biking or Taking TransitEffect of Intersection Density for Gridded Network
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Evolution of Network in California Cities
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Norman W. Garrick
11 X
2 X
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. Norman W Garrick
Sustainability Gap
USA
Norway
Daily Miles TraveledFor every man, woman and child
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28,000
14,000
8,000
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15,000
11,000
14,000
11,000