The Battle of Saratoga...The Battle of Saratoga • Burgoyne’s troops were badly outnumbered by...
Transcript of The Battle of Saratoga...The Battle of Saratoga • Burgoyne’s troops were badly outnumbered by...
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The Battle of Saratoga
The turning point in the Revolutionary War
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Embarrassing the British
• The defeats at Trenton and Princeton embarrassed the British.– Spring 1777 – The British
wanted to strike back• The British attack the
Patriots at Fort Ticonderoga, Lake Ontario, and New York City– The three armies would
come together at Albany, New York
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Delays to Albany
• The British successfully recapture Fort Ticonderoga– Burgoyne was slow in
heading towards Albany
– Colonists had chopped down large trees across his path to slow his progress
– Burgoyne was also greedy• He was travelling with 30 wagons of luxury goods
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Delays to Albany
• Attacking Philadelphia– General Howe decided to attack Philadelphia first, before heading towards Albany
– General Howe captures Philadelphia after winning at Brandywine and Paoli
– The Continental Congress flees
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Delays to Albany
• Burgoyne runs low on food and supplies– Sends 800 troops and Native Americans to Capture Bennington, Vermont
• The Greene Mountain Boys attack the British at Bennington– Burgoyne flees to Saratoga, New York
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Waiting in Saratoga
• Burgoyne was in Saratoga waiting for reinforcements– They never came
• Howe was still in Philadelphia
• St. Leger had been stopped by the Americans at Fort Stanwix
– Burgoyne was on his own
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The Battle of Saratoga
• Burgoyne’s troops were badly outnumbered by the Patriots – 3/1– General Horatio Gates –
attacked from the South– Benedict Arnold – attacked
from the North• The British troops were
surrounded• October 17, 1777
– Patriots capture Burgoyne’s entire army
• 5,700 British Soldiers• All their Weapons
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Battle of Saratoga ‐Map
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The Turning Point in the Revolution
• Great Victory for the Patriots– Capture John Burgoyne– General Howe Resigns– British appoint a new General
• General Henry Clinton
• Morale Booster for the Patriots– Led to increased foreign
support for the Patriots• “This event will make one of
the most brilliant pages of American History.”
– Patriot James Thacher
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Gaining Foreign Allies
• European nations realized that the United States might actually win its war against Great Britain.– Some European nations
gave Americans money and supplies but would not committed to an alliance.
– Benjamin Franklin seeks to gain support of the French and Spanish in the Americans’ fight for independence.
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France joins the War
• France sees that the Americans will probably win– February 1778 – France and the U.S. form an alliance
– France declares war on Great Britain
– France sends money, equipment, and troops to the American Patriots
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Spain joins the War
• Spain joins the war because of their hatred toward Great Britain– 1779 – Spain Declares war on Great Britain
– Bernardo de Gálvez’s ‐raised army against the British
• Captured British troops and Forts in the South
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Individuals Support Patriot’s Cause
• Marquis de Lafayette– Wealthy Frenchman– Summer 1777– Spoke little English– Lacked combat experience– Gave $200,000 to the
Patriots– Becomes a trusted aid to
Washington
• “The welfare of America is closely bound up with the welfare of mankind.”
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The Americans were on their way to Independence