The American Nation Chapter 5 – Section 1 The French and Indian War Crisis in the Colonies,...
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The American Nation Chapter 5 – Section 1 The French and Indian War Crisis in the Colonies, 1745–1775 © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights r
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Transcript of The American Nation Chapter 5 – Section 1 The French and Indian War Crisis in the Colonies,...
The American NationThe American Nation
Chapter 5 – Section 1 The French and Indian War
Crisis in the Colonies, 1745–1775
Copyright © 2003 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. All rights reserved.
Chapter 5, Section 1
The French and Indian WarThe French and Indian War
Objectives to learn:• How did the rivalry of Britain and France lead to war
in North America?• How did lack of unity and mistakes lead to British
defeats early in the war?• What turned the tide of war in Britain’s favor?• How did British troops bring about the fall of New
France?
Chapter 5, Section 1
I. Rivalry Between Britain and France Leads to War
I. Rivalry Between Britain and France Leads to War
A. European powers competed for trade and colonies around the globe.
B. France and England both claimed land in North America.C. English settlers pushing westward clashed with French
fur traders in the Ohio Valley.D. French wanted to maintain control of the Ohio RiverE. Native Americans were caught up in the conflict.
Algonquins and Hurons sided with the French. Iroquois supported the English.
F. In 1754, France and Great Britain began to fight in the Ohio River Valley. English settlers called the fight against France and their Indian allies the French and Indian War.
Chapter 5, Section 1
II. How Britain Almost Lost the WarII. How Britain Almost Lost the War
Event
Albany Plan of Union
What Happened
To get the colonists to work together to defeat the French, Ben Franklin proposed this plan for “one general government” for the 13 colonies.
Results
The colonial assemblies turned the plan down.
Fort Necessity(April 1954)
Washington launched a surprise attack against the French.
French and Indian forces outnumbered Washington’s forces. Washington surrendered.
Fort Duquesne General Braddock led British and colonial troops toward Fort Duquesne.
The French launched a surprise attack and defeated Braddock’s troops.
Fort Oswego, Fort William Henry
The French succeeded in capturing these forts.
Britain’s Indian allies began to doubt the British.
Chapter 5, Section 1
III. How Great Britain Won the WarIII. How Great Britain Won the War
Who or What
William Pitt
What Happened
Pitt became the new head of the British government (Prime Minister) in 1757. Pitt’s first goal was to win the war in North America.
Results
Pitt sent his best generals, money, and supplies to North America.
Louisbourg With the capture of the most important French fort in Canada, the tide of battle turned.
Fort Duquesne
Major General Amherst captured the fort in 1758.
Fort Duquesne became Fort Pitt.The British seized it in 1758.
Added to British success.Fort Niagra, Crown Point, Fort Ticonderoga
The British seized them in 1759.
The British and French troops fought on the Plains of Abraham, outside the city of Quebec. The British won. Quebec surrendered on Sept. 18, 1759.
Quebec, important capital city of New France sat on Plains of Abraham overlooking the St. Lawrence River
In the dark, British troops led by General James Wolfe quietly climbed the cliff and surprised the French under command of Marquis de Montcalm
Pictures of the French-Indian War (Seven Year War)
Pictures of the French-Indian War (Seven Year War)
Pictures of the Battle of QuebecPictures of the Battle of Quebec
Chapter 5, Section 1
III. How Great Britain Won the WarIII. How Great Britain Won the War
Chapter 5, Section 1
IV. The Treaty of ParisIV. The Treaty of Paris
A. Britain and France signed the Treaty of Paris in 1763.B. The treaty marked the end of French power in North America.C. Britain gained Canada and all French lands east of the
Mississippi River except New Orleans.D. France kept two islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.E. France kept some sugar-growing islands in the West Indies.F. Spain gave up Florida to Britain.G. Spain received New Orleans and all French land west of the
Mississippi.H. Spain kept its empire in Central and South America.
Chapter 5, Section 1
IV. The Treaty of ParisIV. The Treaty of Paris
Exit TicketExit Ticket
What was the most important outcome of the French and Indian War?
A. France surrendered its colonial territory in
B. Britain surrendered its colonial territory in
C. Spain surrendered its colonial territory in
D. Native Americans were driven from
Chapter 5, Section 1
Section 1 AssessmentSection 1 Assessment
In North America, the French and the English clashed overa) land claims and fur trade.b) which Native Americans would be their allies.c) clearing the forests.d) rights to the Mississippi River.
As a result of the French and Indian Wara) the Iroquois deserted the British.b) the city of Pittsburgh grew up.c) France lost its empire in North America.d) France controlled shipping on the St. Lawrence River.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.
Chapter 5, Section 1
Section 1 AssessmentSection 1 Assessment
In North America, the French and the English clashed overa) land claims and fur trade.b) which Native Americans would be their allies.c) clearing the forests.d) rights to the Mississippi River.
As a result of the French and Indian Wara) the Iroquois deserted the British.b) the city of Pittsburgh grew up.c) France lost its empire in North America.d) France controlled shipping on the St. Lawrence River.
Want to connect to the American History link for this section? Click here.
