Mr. Sullivan Name _______________________AP World History Date ___________________Textbook Guided Reading POD #24 – Europe Clings to Relevance Period ________

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1.Which of the following was not a factor in starting World War I?

a. Nationalismb. Weakening of the Ottoman Empirec. Competition for resources in colonial territories to fuel ongoing technology

developmentd. Alliances and interactive military planse. The Monroe Doctrine

REF: p. 765-766

2. In the early twentieth century, the Ottoman Empire was referred to as thea. "sick man of Europe."b. "Turkish Colossus."c. "Evil Empire."d. "Threat from the East."e. "Scarlet Knights."

REF: p. 766

3. According to the text, why was war considered a good thing at the start of the twentieth century?a. Spread of nationalismb. For the past century, most wars had been swift and ended with decisive

European victories.c. Widespread desire for revenge for past wrongsd. Eagerness to assert superiority of weapons technologye. All of these

REF: p. 766

4. What turned the political assassination of Franz Ferdinand into a world-wide event involving all of the Great Powers was:a. competition among industrialized nations.b. the pre-existing system of alliances.c. the familial squabbles of the royal houses of Europe, all grandchildren of

Queen Victoria.d. the opportunity to incite revolution in China and Russia.e. the entry of the United States into the fray of war.

REF: p. 766

5. What was one of the fundamental weaknesses limiting the development of military strategy in Europe?a. Mobilization was dependent on railroads rather than individual motor

vehicles.b. Proximity of nations to one another in forming alliancesc. Lack of a common currency to pay war debtsd. Conflicting political ideology regarding constitutional monarchiese. The role of women in the workplace

REF: p. 766-767

6. The early-twentieth-century system of alliances pitted the British, French, and Russians againsta. the Japanese, Italians, and Germans.b. the Ottomans, Italians, and Chinese.c. Austria-Hungary, Japan, and Poland.d. Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary.e. Syria, Egypt, and Germany.

REF: p. 767

7. Which of the European nations was least prepared to go to war?a. Germanyb. Russiac. Franced. Englande. Austro-Hungary

REF: p. 767

8. Most European nations thought the war that started in 1914 woulda. be won by the fastest-moving army and the boldest general.b. be long and costly.c. end with little expense.d. help unite the classes.e. be won by slow perseverance.

REF: p. 769

9. A unique aspect of the Western Front wasa. that only swords were "legal," so no guns were used.b. the three-hundred-mile-long line of armies from Switzerland to the North Sea.c. that women made up a small percentage of the German fighting force.d. that there was very little loss of life.e. the German use of "blitzkrieg" on the battlefield.

REF: p. 769

10. A new and potent defensive weapon in World War I wasa. the automatic pistol.b. poison gas.c. napalm.d. the helicopter.e. the machine gun.

REF: p. 769

11. The only German naval battle utilizing the expensive High Seas Fleet was at the:a. Battle of the Marne.b. Battle of the Boyne.c. Battle of Jutland.d. Sinking of the Lusitania.e. Sinking of the Titanic.

REF: p. 769

12. The event which drew the US out of neutrality and into the war was:a. sinking of the Lusitania.b. German submarines attacking merchant convoys.c. the bombing of civilians in Alsace Lorraine.d. the Zimmerman telegram.e. pressure by Woodrow Wilson.

REF: p. 773

13. Women during World War I

a. joined the work force.b. refused to support the death and destruction of war on principle.c. were largely members of the Socialist Party.d. used their newly won voting privileges to elect pacifist candidates.e. All of these

REF: p. 771

14. Which of the following was true of wartime food rationing?a. The diets of the German poor improved.b. The diet of the German population was limited to one thousand calories per

day.c. Food scarcity led to widespread cannibalism in Europe.d. Civilians' diets remained completely unchanged while prisoners of war were

starved.e. Many Americans starved.

REF: p. 771

15. German civilians during the war were significantly affected by:a. crop failuresb. British blockages of supply deliveries.c. a "turnip winter"d. rationing in favor of the military.e. all of these.

REF: p. 771

16. During World War I, Africaa. was the only region to prosper.b. provided over a million Africans for armed services.c. was the scene of the heaviest fighting.d. united to oppose and overthrow colonial powers.e. didn't support the war.

REF: p. 771

17. What methods were not used to gain support for the war effort?a. Employment of women and African Americansb. Urging people to invest in the war with savings bondsc. Encouraging the growth of "victory gardens"d. Writing poetry to instill nationalism and pridee. Sending children to work in munitions factories instead of going to school

REF: p. 771

18. During World War I, African Americans in the United Statesa. faced even greater discrimination than previously.b. were restricted to agricultural work.c. were not allowed in the armed forces.d. migrated north in vast numbers from the South.e. gained equality with whites.

REF: p. 771

19. The Ottoman Turks signed a secret alliance witha. the United States, hoping to gain Filipino territory.b. Germany, hoping to gain Russian territory.c. Japan, hoping to gain Chinese territory.d. France, hoping to gain Italian territory.

e. Russia, hoping to gain Austrian territory.REF: p. 772

20. During the campaigns in the Caucasus, Turkish military maneuvers deliberately caused:a. the destruction of naval access to the Aral Seab. the deviation of Russian troops to the southern regions off the Eastern line.c. forced death march of hundreds of thousands of Armenians.d. a confrontation with Italian troops who had not honored their part of the

Triple Alliance.e. suppression of secularization within the Turkish state.

REF: p. 772

21. Zionism was supported as an official policy by which country?a. Russiab. Germanyc. Britaind. Francee. The Ottoman Empire

REF: p. 772

22. Britain's main concern about the Turks wasa. getting revenge after they lost at Gallipoli.b. that the Turks would close off British access to the East.c. that they would take all of Britain's colonies in Africa.d. to protect Protestant (Christian) forces in the Ottoman Empire.e. that they would not allow the British access to archeological digs in the Near

East.REF: p. 773

23. The policy decision that most affected future relations between the Jewish and Palestinian settlers was embodied ina. the Balfour Declaration.b. the Treaty of Brest Litovsk.c. the Zimmerman Telegram.d. the Dreyfus Affair.e. the Doctors' Conspiracy.

REF: p. 773

24. The British tried to defeat the Ottomans bya. landing a large British army in Palestine.b. using an Arab army against the Turks.c. sending the Royal Navy to bombard Syria.d. encouraging Christians to revolt.e. planning a military coup in the Ottoman army.

REF: p. 773

25. Who was the leader of the Zionist movement?a. Max Planckb. Albert Einsteinc. Claude Shannond. Henry Zione. Theodore Herzl

REF: p. 772

26. The Russian army during the wara. was smaller than the German forces and was better equipped.b. was very large but poorly supplied and led.c. fought in very few battles.d. was doing very well until the Revolution began.e. fought the German army to its defeat and occupied Berlin.

REF: p. 772

27. The February Revolution in Russia was led bya. Vladimir Lenin.b. Alexander Kerensky.c. Grigory Kornilov.d. Leon Trotsky.e. Rosa Luxemburg.

REF: p. 772

28. Vladimir Lenin was the leader of thea. Bolsheviks.b. Mensheviks.c. Social Revolutionaries.d. Provisional Government.e. Young Turks.

REF: p. 772

29. The October Revolution in Russia began by seizing:a. Petrograd.b. Moscow.c. Simferopol.d. Novgorod.e. Omsk.

REF: p. 773

30. Which of the following was not included in Lenin's plan for Russia?a. Immediate surrender to Germanyb. Transfer of land to the peasantsc. A return to agrarian societyd. A transfer of all power to the sovietse. Transfer of factories to the workers

REF: p. 773

31. In the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russiaa. won territories from the defeated Germans.b. gained considerable territory from Turkey.c. lost territory, including Poland and Finland.d. ended its horrific civil war.e. secretly planned to reenter the war.

REF: p. 773

32. The secret police force in Russia after the Bolshevik Revolution was called thea. Third Department.b. Black Hand Organization.c. KGB.d. Chekae. People's Will.

REF: p. 773

33. Which was not one of the significant parts of Wilson's fourteen-point plan to end the war?a. German evacuation of occupied landsb. Autonomy for nationalities under Ottoman rulec. Forfeiture of all German agricultural landsd. Formation of an association of nations to ensure the independence and

territorial integrity of all statese. Inclusion of local populations to settle territorial disputes

REF: p. 773

34. Deaths in World War I numbered between ____ million.a. 4 and 5b. 8 and 10c. 15 and 17d. 20 and 22

e. 45 and 50REF: p. 774

35. The influenza epidemic of 1918-1919a. was a germ warfare attack by the Germans.b. killed 1 million.c. killed 20 million.d. did not kill people, but killed horses.e. was contained with the use of antibiotics.

REF: p. 774

36. The most preferred destination for refugees after the war wasa. France, which suffered immense casualties and had an open door immigration

policy.b. the United States, which had immigration quotas.c. New Zealand, which had a low population.d. Palestine, which was opened for Zionist settlement.e. Canada, because it was largely agricultural.

REF: p. 774

37. Which of the following was not one of the elements in the Treaty of Versailles that angered Germany?a. The infamous "guilt clause"b. The amount of reparations it had to payc. The loss of territory it sustainedd. High tariffs enacted by the alliese. Elimination of the German air force

REF: p. 775

38. Which of the following "smaller" delegations was given consideration in the Versailles talks?a. The Japanese proposal of racial equality.b. W. E. B. Du Bois' call for resolution of the concerns of African people.c. The demands of the Italians who had switched sides to the Entente.d. The claims for an independent Arabic state by Faisal.e. none of these.

REF: p. 774

39. Woodrow Wilson's proposal for settlement of the European affairs was based on his principle of:a. liberalism.b. self-determination.c. home rule.d. mandates.e. protectorate status.

REF: p. 774

40. How did the Bolsheviks win the civil war in Russia after World War I?a. By enlisting the aid of Great Britain in overthrowing the tsarb. By using democratic elections to stabilize the Dumac. By forcing the tsar to fight a duel with Lenind. Through the military leadership of Leon Trotsky and the Red Armye. Lenin resigned to get both sides to make peace.

REF: p. 775

41. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed bya. joining Russia and the Soviet Ukraine.b. allying Russia, Georgia, and Lithuania.c. uniting Russia, Siberia, and Kazakhstan.d. unifying all communist provinces.e. a United Nations mandate.

REF: p. 775

42. Lenin's New Economic Policy in 1921a. created "labor brigades" to run factories.b. gave government full control of agriculture.c. allowed private ownership of land and all but the largest businesses.d. made the economy part of the military.e. outlawed the Christian church.

REF: p. 775

43. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union planned to pay for industrialization bya. collecting taxes on agricultural production.b. raising tariffs on all imports.c. bleeding wealth from neighboring territories.d. squeezing the peasants.e. getting large loans from the World Bank.

REF: p. 775

44. What were the significant differences between contenders for control of the Communist Party after Lenin's death in 1924?a. Stalin wanted to focus on communism's establishment in Russia as "socialism

in one country."b. Trotsky argued for the continuation of the NEP.c. Stalin wanted an alliance with Germany and Italy because fascism seemed the

best way to industrialize Russia rapidly.d. Trotsky advocated maintaining an alliance with China, convinced that an

Eastern Bloc of Communism could overthrow the industrialized West.e. There was no significant difference in policies; it was a personal rivalry

between Stalin and Trotsky.REF: p. 775-776

45. The Communist Party's long-term vision of the Soviet Union focused on creating:a. a modern industrial economy without private property.b. a balanced economy with agriculture and industry under the auspices of the

bourgeoisie.c. a temporary state of capitalism followed by annihilation of the propertied

classes.d. world domination.e. a military industrial complex to gain revenge on the Germans.

REF: p. 775

46. After the crisis for leadership of the Bolshevik party, Trotskya. won from his support of the Old Bolsheviks.b. co-ruled with Josef Stalin.c. was murdered outside the Kremlin.d. was expelled from the Communist party for "deviation from the party line"e. was given the military award of the Order of the Red Banner.

REF: p. 776

47. The German crisis of 1923 was marked bya. Germany's attempts to rebuild its military.b. German reoccupation of Alsace and Lorraine.c. the British military takeover of Berlin.d. Germany recklessly printing money, causing inflation.e. confiscation of church property by German authorities.

REF: p. 777

48. Relative calm and prosperity came to German in the mid-1920's when they did all of the following except:a. joined the League of Nations.b. borrowed money from New York banks to stabilize their economy.c. received permission to begin re-armingd. was allowed to renegotiate its debt from the "war guilt clause"e. began to rebuild its industries.

REF: p. 777-778

49. In the 1920s, women's livesa. hardly changed at all.b. changed more than in any previous decade.c. changed, but only for the better.d. changed, but only in negative ways.e. became shorter than at any time in history.

REF: p. 786

50. Before the twentieth century, what was the only nation in which women had the right to vote?a. Norwayb. Germanyc. Englandd. New Zealande. Turkey

REF: p. 786

51. The new social sciences in the 1920s were unsettling because theya. supported ideas of Western superiority.b. seemed to reinforce bourgeois values.c. invariably led to communism.d. challenged Victorian morality and middle-class values.e. caused the Great Depression.

REF: p. 787

52. Who was the famous French sociologist who proclaimed, "There are no religions that are false. All are true in their own fashion."a. Charles Edouard Jenneretb. Max Planckc. Theodore Herzld. Amelia Earharte. Emile Durkheim

REF: p. 787

53. Which of the following transformed the landscape of western Europe and North America more than any other development?a. The automobileb. Dams and irrigation projectsc. The telegraphd. New factories and industriese. Street lights

REF: p. 788

54. Stalin's First Five-Year Plan stresseda. increases in electricity and heavy industries.b. production of consumer goods for export.c. acquiring colonies to protect the Soviet economy.d. decentralized control and economic incentives.e. participation in the European Union.

REF: p. 796

55. The Soviet Union paid for the First Five-Year Plan bya. using revenue from the colonies.b. borrowing heavily from Western nations.c. creating a new middle class.d. seizing neighboring territories.e. squeezing the peasants.

REF: p. 796

56. The better-off peasants, or kulaks, reacted to collectivization bya. refusing to recognize the collectives.b. burning their crops and killing their livestock.c. attacking the poorest peasants.d. acquiring more land and becoming more prosperous.e. acquiring visas to the United States and Israel.

REF: p. 797

57. Stalin's main tool for implementing terror was thea. KGB.b. NVKD.c. People's Commissar.d. SovNarKom.e. NEP.

REF: p. 798

58. How did the Nazi takeover of Germany affect Stalin's second Five-Year Plan?a. It did not change his plan.b. Stalin intended to produce arms but decided to produce consumer goods

instead.c. It provided Stalin with a new trading partner who also was a militarist.d. The Nazis demanded that Stalin cancel his second Five-Year Plan.e. Stalin intended to produce consumer goods but decided to produce arms

instead.REF: p. 798

59. At the height of the Stalinist terror of the 1930sa. millions of Jews were slaughtered in gas chambers.b. Moscow was burnt to the ground as part of Stalin's "scorched earth" policy.c. the USSR joined forces with Germany and Italy to invade Poland.d. Stalin was killed in a Kremlin coup.e. millions of ordinary Soviet citizens were sent to gulags, often for no reason.

REF: p. 798

60. The purges were initiated after which of the following events?a. the collapse of the trans-Siberian railway.b. the murder of Sergei Kirovc. the Cheka head was replaced by Lavrenty Beriad. the politburo discovered a plot by the Mensheviks to assassinate Stalin.e. None of these.

REF: p. 798

61. The Purges were a series of trials based on the opportunity to do all of the following except:a. Stalin's desire to remove old supporters of Lenin from the Party.b. the plan to remove Red Army officers suspected of treason.c. extend industrialization's rapid pace into a third five year plan.d. prepare the population for a dictatorship of the proletariate. spread the terror to the lower levels of the population.

REF: p. 798

62. Despite the Stalinist terror, Soviet womena. found themselves in more repressed roles.b. were expected to work only in farm collectives.c. entered jobs and careers previously closed to them.d. found their roles in society unchanged.e. gained equality with men.

REF: p. 798

63. One of the most outspoken feminists of the Bolshevik Party wasa. Irina Krupskaiab. Anna Akhmatovac. Alexandra Kollontaid. Rosa Luxemburge. Tatiana Romanova

REF: p. 800

64. The stock market crash of 1929 turned intoa. the deepest, most widespread depression in history.b. an economic boon to the "common man," as he was now able to afford stock.c. a minor depression followed by an economic recovery.d. a "limited" depression in some countries, but not most Western countries.e. a depression for the United States only.

REF: p. 799

65. The Smoot-Hawley tariff wasa. a tax on raw materials for industrialization.b. a means to supply the USSR with machines for the Lend-Lease program.c. an economic embargo imposed by the European Allies against German

imports in retaliation for suspension of reparations payments.d. a protective tariff on imported goods applied by the United States to stimulate

the domestic economy.e. a plan to tax participants in the League of Nations to pay for rebuilding the

European economy.REF: p. 799

66. Which two countries were particularly hard hit by the Depression?a. England and Japanb. Japan and Germanyc. France and Germanyd. England and Francee. Canada and Venezuela

REF: p. 800

67. Franklin D. Roosevelt's economic recovery plan was:a. New Dealb. Square Dealc. New Frontierd. Fair Deale. Trickle Down Economics

REF: p. 800

68. While the Depression's effects on non-industrialized countries were uneven, those hardest hit werea. those that had lately undergone independence movements.b. those under colonial mandate.c. those that depended on the export of raw goods.d. those, like India, with "infant" industrialization.e. those that did not have many railroads.

REF: p. 801

69. China's response to the Depression wasa. one of the worst in the non-industrialized worldb. very little, as their problems were more political.c. to start a revolution for modernization.d. to make an alliance with Japan for raw materials in exchange for imported

finished goods.e. negligible, as their economy was growing under the auspices of Communism.

REF: p. 801

70. The South African economy boomed during the Depression becausea. it was based on agriculture, not industry.b. it was not part of the world economy.c. the Depression made gold more valuable.d. it was exploited as a colony.e. of the abundant supply of slave labor.

REF: p. 802

71. Italy's fasci di combattimento initially comprised mainlya. radical politicians and hired thugs.b. conservative politicians and the military.c. disgruntled workers and socialists.d. unemployed veterans and violent youths.e. pardoned prisoners.

REF: p. 802

72. Which of the following was not one of the actions taken by Benito Mussolini?a. He put Fascists in government jobs.b. He liberalized education.c. He gave employers control over employees.d. He crushed all other political parties.e. He allowed freedom of the press.

REF: p. 802

73. The slogan repeated in fascist Italy wasa. "Il Duce (the leader) is always right."b. "One Italy, one God, one leader."c. "Italy for the Italians."d. "In your heart, you know he's right."e. "A Commitment to Excellence."

REF: p. 802

74. What did Adolf Hitler write while in jail in the 1920s?a. The Protocols of the Elders of Zionb. All Quiet on the Western Frontc. Mein Kampfd. The Portrait of the Artist as a Young Mane. Das Boot

REF: p. 803

75. Hitler's "master race" reserved intense hatred fora. Italians.b. Russians.c. French.d. Scandinavians.e. Jews.

REF: p. 803

76. Hitler's goal for Germany included all of the following excepta. the repeal of the Treaty of Versailles.b. to take over all German-speaking territory.c. to expand into Poland.d. to eliminate the Jews from Europe.e. to divide the Western world from the Eastern by a tripartite pact with Japan.

REF: p. 803

77. Hitler's popularity came in large part from the German people's belief thata. he was a religious, as well as a political, leader.b. the German Communist Party should rule Europe.c. economic well-being outweighed a loss of liberty.d. he was literally the second coming of Jesus Christ.e. All of these

REF: p. 803

78. What were the reasons for the politics of "appeasement"?a. Fear of warb. Fear of communismc. Lack of familiarity with fascist tacticsd. Belief that one's word was as good as a contract, according to Neville

Chamberlaine. All of these

REF: p. 804

79. In 1935, Mussolini took advantage of the weakness of the Western democracies anda. invaded Ethiopia.b. launched a bombing campaign against France.c. ended diplomatic relations with Britain.d. sent military aid to Germany.e. annexed Sicily.

REF: p. 804

80. Hitler's first invasion with a newly rearmed Germany was ina. Czechoslovakiab. Polandc. Austria.d. Belgium.e. Finland.

REF: p. 804

81. Hitler signed a "secret pact" with which world leader in 1939?a. Japanb. Italy.c. USSRd. Spaine. Yugoslavia

REF: p. 805

82. The German Blitzkrieg meant, literally,a. death from above.b. no surrender.c. total war.d. lightning war.e. secret war.

REF: p. 808

83. In the early years of World War II, the Soviet Union invaded which of the following countries?a. Germany and Japanb. Germany and Italyc. Poland and the Baltic Statesd. France and Chinae. Greece and Turkey

REF: p. 808

84. Why was the winter of 1939-40 termed a period of "phony war?"a. The revelation of the Soviet-German pact over Poland was revealed.b. Britain and France declared war on Germany but took no action.c. The perception was that there was no real war without US involvement.d. The Soviet Union did not actively fight, but let winter kill off most of their

enemies.e. none of these.

REF: p. 808

85. The Battle of Britain was conducted primarily bya. air attacks.b. submarines.c. naval warships.d. ground force invasion on the beaches at Hastings.e. detonating a magneto-electric pulse on London to wipe out all electric power.

REF: p. 808

86. Hitler's resumption of offensive tactics in 1940 focused on which area?a. Scandanavia and Belgiumb. Francec. North Africad. Hungarye. Poland

REF: p. 808

87. Per his earlier writings in Mein Kampf, Hitler's plan for Russia wasa. to enslave the Slavic people and create "living space" to the East.b. complete genocide of all Bolsheviks.c. to work in cooperation with Stalin to execute all Jews.d. to take over the fertile agricultural lands of western Russia.

e. to install Catholicism in place of the Russian Orthodox Church.REF: p. 809 | p. 803

88. One of the fiercest battles on the Eastern front between USSR and Germany was ata. Lvovb. Stalingradc. Moscowd. Rigae. Odessa.

REF: p. 810

89. The German army was routed from North Africa by which army?a. Britishb. Moroccan.c. Egyptiand. Arabice. Italian.

REF: p. 810

90. The prime motivation for the Japanese invasion of Southeast Asia wasa. its abundant oil and rubber production.b. the opportunity to defeat Western powers.c. to keep the Japanese people satisfied.d. to keep the United States from entering the war.e. to avenge the execution of Japanese sailors in 1938.

REF: p. 810

91. On December 7, 1941,a. the Yalta Conference took place and set in motion the plans for the Axis

defeat.b. Japanese planes bombed the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor.c. Japan surrender to the United States to end World War II.d. the Soviet Union invaded north China.e. the United States army invaded the home islands of Japan.ANS: B REF: p. 811

92. The key to victory in the Pacific Ocean wasa. holding the Philippine Islands.b. aircraft carriers.c. the base at Pearl Harbor.d. the atomic bomb.e. short supply lines.

REF: p. 811

93. The start of the final Allied push to end the war in Europe began on June 6, 1944, known asa. The Big Oneb. D-Dayc. Operation Capricad. The Norman Invasione. Battle of the Bulge

REF: p. 812

94. The final defeat of Japan took longer than victory over Germany in large part becausea. of fanatical Japanese resistance.b. the Japanese had captured so much more territory.c. the United States had concentrated its efforts on Germany.d. the Allies were unsure of whether to use the atomic bomb.e. ice floes surrounded the islands of Japan.

REF: p. 812

95. The end of the war in the Pacific arena was controversial because ofa. the U.S. use of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki.b. the refusal of the United States to consider any alternatives.c. international objection to the slaughter of civilian populations.d. the environmental effects of radioactivity.e. the economic devastation that would occur to the rest of Japan.

REF: p. 812-813

96. Soviet deaths during World War II numbered between ____ million.a. 2 and 3b. 5 and 6c. 10 and 12d. 20 and 25e. 45 and 50

REF: p. 814

97. Which of the following scientific and technological innovations were not spurred by World War II?a. Synthetic rubberb. Machine gunsc. Antibioticsd. Nuclear weaponse. Radar

REF: p. 814

98. The Holocaust is estimated to have killed ____ Jews.a. 500,000b. 1 millionc. 3 milliond. 6 millione. 10 million

REF: p. 814

99. Which group was not murdered by the Nazis in the interest of "racial purity"?a. Homosexualsb. The disabled and mentally illc. Aryansd. Gypsiese. The Polish elite

REF: p. 816

100. Which of the following was not a result of increased United States production during World War II?

a. It ended the Depression and unemployment.

b. It created a post-World War II consumer boom.c. It helped improve nutrition in the United States.d. The economy performed at a minimal level.e. It was double that of all the Axis nations.

REF: p. 817

101. One of the most significant long-lasting consequences of World War II in the United States was thea. recruitment of women and minorities into the labor force.b. end of any German military threat.c. loss of the U.S. Pacific colonies.d. encouragement of racial discrimination.e. extension of mandatory retirement until age sixty-five.

REF: p. 817

102. The main cause of environmental stress during World War II was thea. scarring of battlefields by enormous armies.b. tremendous number of refugees.c. economic development, which increased demand for raw materials.d. bombing of cities into ruins.e. massive numbers of diseased corpses.

REF: p. 818

103. Which is most true of the communist states by the 1980s and 1990s?a. They were uniform in character.b. They were subservient to the USSR.c. They had never engaged in an armed conflict with another communist state.d. Deep divisions had appeared among communist states.e. The collapse of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact states was widely foreseen

and predicted in the 1980s.REF: p. 882

104. The policy of restructuring the Soviet Union as authorized by Mikhail Gorbachev was known asa. perestroika.b. glasnost.c. samizdat.d. kulak.e. tanizat.

REF: p. 882

105. Solidarity wasa. a labor union of Polish shipyard workers.b. supported by the Catholic Church in Poland.c. a union that caused the Polish government to impose martial law.d. a potent force with nationally recognized leaders.e. all of these.

REF: p. 882

106. The playwright who was elected president of Czechoslovakia in 1990 wasa. Nicolae Ceausescu.b. Vaclav Havel.c. Lech Walesa.d. Petr Andropov.e. Andrei Sakharov.

REF: p. 883

107. East Germany was united with West Germany ina. 1975.b. 1980.c. 1985.d. 1990.e. 1998.

REF: p. 883

108. What powerful force ultimately caused the USSR to dissolve?a. Racismb. Mercantilismc. Nationalismd. Capitalisme. Pacifism

REF: p. 883

109. The result of the hard-line Communist coup against Gorbachev was thata. Boris Yeltsin led popular resistance to the coup.b. disgust with communism boiled over.c. the Russian Republic effectively took the place of the USSR.d. the coup failed.e. All of these

REF: p. 883

110. The Soviet Union was dissolved ina. 1991.b. 1985.c. 1979.d. 1994.e. None of these

REF: p. 883

111. After the fall of the Soviet Union, nationalism and diversity undermined the Balkan nation ofa. Czechoslovakiab. Greecec. Yugoslaviad. Bulgariae. Estonia.

REF: p. 883

112. Ethnic cleansing in the Balkans occurred betweena. Christian Serbians and Muslims.b. Serbians and Ottomans.c. Greeks and Serbians.d. Russians and Croatians.e. Albanians and Armenians.

REF: p. 883

113. NATO forces were dispatched to the Balkans and used air strikes against Serbia to stop ethnic cleansing in:

a. Albania.b. Montenegroc. Bosnia-Herzogoviniad. Kosovoe. Croatia

REF: p. 883-884

114. After serving two terms as a democratic but authoritarian president of Russia, Vladimir Putina. became director of a private natural gas companyb. returned to be a service officer in the KGBc. engineered the election of his protégé and became Prime Minister.d. retired to his palace in Sochi.e. became a professor of political science at Harvard.

REF: p. 909

115. In 2002, the European Union promoted economic growth and free trade bya. signing NAFTA agreements.b. taking advantage of loans from the United Nations.c. bringing a law suit against the Tri-Lateral Commission.d. adopting a common currency, the euro.e. unifying all of Europe into one single country.

REF: p. 904

116. The North American Free Trade Agreementa. raised tariffs with Canada.b. allowed the world free trade with North America.c. was never agreed to.d. eliminated tariffs among the United States, Canada, and Mexico.e. was one of the great accomplishments of the European Union.

REF: p. 905

117. The World Trade Organization was founded toa. end international trade.b. reduce trade barriers and enforce international trade agreements.c. combat terrorism.d. promote protectionism.e. protect labor unions.

REF: p. 906

118. Why does the World Trade Organization attract critics and protests?a. It is dominated by communist sympathizers.b. It donates its profits to antiabortion advocates.

c. It is extremely pro-labor.d. Many fear the loss of job opportunities as manufacturers relocate to poorer

countries.e. It has been exposed as a "front" for the CIA.

REF: p. 906

119. An important force to promoting human rights has been through philanthropic bodies known as:

a. nonprofit organizations.b. non-aligned nations.c. nongovernment organizations.d. private charities.e. transnational conglomerates.

REF: p. 917

120. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights reflecteda. its intention to remove guns from the U.S. population.b. an international consensus against racism and imperialism.c. its intention to try leaders of the major powers as war criminals.d. its understanding of slavery as a culturally defined phenomenon.e. all of these.

REF: p. 917

121. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights has most often been criticized becausea. there has been no attempt to enforce it.b. it is too vague and unclear.c. its "universal" principles are largely Western in origin.d. it does not demand equality for women.e. All of these

REF: p. 917

122. "NGOs" is an acronym fora. nuclear grade ores.b. network global operations.c. nations gaining oil.d. nongovernmental organizations.e. national gender opposition.

REF: p. 917

123. Although immigrants from developing nations bring many benefits to a new country, theya. normally returned home after only a few months.b. vote for conservative candidates in general elections.c. were expelled from most European countries in the late 1990s.d. face anti-immigrant discrimination and resentment.e. None of these

REF: p. 892-893

124. Anti-immigrant feelings in industrialized nations are mostly due toa. labor shortages in the host country.b. illegal activity among immigrant groups.c. an ethnically derived sense of nationality.d. expanding economic opportunity.e. all of these.

REF: p. 893

125. Which of the following is not true about technological innovation after World War II?a. It gave rise to an economic expansion and increased productivity.b. It changed the way people lived, worked, and played.c. It caused a decline in world agricultural production due to the focus on

technology, leading to widespread starvation.d. It intensified environmental destruction.e. It increased the power of industrialized nations relative to the developing

world.REF: p. 893

126. As Western economies recovered from World War II, mosta. new technologies increased labor requirements.b. consumers sought new goods to purchase.c. people wanted to stop government spending on the production of weapons.d. industries resisted applying new technologies.e. governments insisted on "balanced budget" amendments.

REF: p. 893

127. The most influential technology of the last three decades has beena. the computer.b. nuclear energy.c. industrial robots.d. jet airplane transportation.e. the combustion engine.

REF: p. 893

128. The primary agent of technological change is thea. small businessman.b. transnational corporation.c. government.d. university.e. research laboratory.

REF: p. 894

129. What factors have contributed to the globalization of fast food?a. later marriage ages in modern industrial societiesb. busy schedules mean less family mealsc. increased immigration and travel.d. greater cultural promotion in various mediae. all of these

REF: p. 896

130. Which country has arguably the worst environmental record?a. The United Statesb. Englandc. The former Soviet Uniond. Chinae. Canada

REF: p. 897

131. Efforts to preserve the environment includea. the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, and the Endangered Species Act.b. promoting the use of solar and wind power.c. manufacturing fuel-efficient cars.d. recycling efforts.e. all of these.

REF: p. 897