FASCIST ITALY
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Transcript of FASCIST ITALY
1922 - 1945
FASCIST ITALY
Constitutional Monarchy.
WWI: Huge losses (3rd after Russia and France).
End of WWI: Left with a poor economy and many social issues.
- High unemployment rates- National debt- Inflation
Didn’t obtain all the territory they had been promised in the Treaty of London.
Italy Before Fascism
1920 Factory Occupations
Assembly of 600,000 workers in a Fiat factory in an attempt to overthrow the capitalist regime.
Childhood
Early Political Beliefs
Italian Fascist Party
Benito Mussolini: Background
Economic Factors
Political actors
Social Factors
Mussolini’s rise to Power
1922: The March in Rome
Benito Mussolini in 1938
How Mussolini’s regime workedBelief in the superiority of
the nation’s people. Absolute power of the
state. Corporatism: state controls
labor and factory owners.Extreme patriotism: glory
of the nation, fear of outside threats.
Militarism and imperialism: other “weaker” nations were supposed to be conquered. Poster announcing the 10th
anniversary of the coup d’état which brought Mussolini to power.
Cult of the leader: known as “Il Duce”, the duke. Became a sort of national legend.
Repression of anti-fascists was less violent that in Germany.
A sort of secret police, “the Black shirts”, who put into line those who opposed Mussolini by using violence and intimidation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJpp3ipxKzU Link to one of Mussolini’s speeches.
Propaganda poster from Mussolini’s regime, it reads: “One for all, one for the Duce.”
Italy under MussoliniExtreme nationalism: build up the prestige and greatness
of nation.Total obedience to authority: “Believe, Obey, Fight!”Autarky: government directed the economic life of the
nation.Attempt to end class warfare by promoting co-operation
between employers and workers: “The Corporative State”.Military strength and violence: “Peace is absurd: fascism
does not believe in it” – Mussolini.Censorship: a strict press censorship was enforced.Education: closely supervised.Religion: The Lateran treaty of 1929.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1540784
25 April, 1945: Liberation Day.27 April : Mussolini & his mistress attempt to
flee Italy but get caught by Italian partisans.28 April : Mussolini is shot.
The Fall of Fascism
US news coverage of
Mussolini’s execution
Article from the Anti-Fascist party on the day of Mussolini’s
death.