1. Dr jignesh vora Tetanus

2. what is tetanus? Tetanus is an acute, often-fatal disease of the nervous system that is caused by nerve toxins produced by the bacterium Clostridium tetani. this bacterium is found throughout the world in the soil and in animal and human intestines. 3. where they grow Contaminated wounds Deep wounds devitalized (dead) tissue Puncture wounds, such as caused by nails insect bites burns injection-drug sites by means of the uterus after delivery through the umbilical cord stump 4. how tetanus damages body T.T. affects neuromuscular junction. T.T. amplifies the chemical signal fm nerve to the muscle, which causes the muscles to spasm. This results in either localized or generalized muscle spasms. T.T can affect neonates to cause muscle spasms, inability to nurse, and seizures. This typically occurs within the first two weeks after birth due to poor sanitation methods in caring for the umbilical cord stump because of tetanus vaccination there have few cases of neonatal tetanus 5. IP 2 days to 2 months commonly within 14 days of injury. 6. signs & symptoms 1-7 day period, progressive muscle spasms in immediate wound area may progress to involve the entire body in a set of continuous muscle contractions. Restlessness, headache, and irritability muscle spasm trismus breathing muscles lose their power-ventilator infections of the airways within the lungs can lead to death. 7. Rx antibiotics stopping toxin production, neutralizing its effects, and controlling muscle spasms. Sedation is often given for muscle spasm, which can lead to life-threatening breathing difficulty. The toxin already circulating in the body is neutralized with antitoxin drugs. The tetanus toxin causes no permanent damage to the nervous system after the patient recovers. After recovery, patients still require active immunization because having the tetanus disease does not provide natural immunization against a repeat episode. 8. Prevention active- tetanus shots as immunization schedule passive- TIG in individuals who exhibit the early symptoms of tetanus or in those whose immunization status is unknown or significantly out of date, the tetanus immunoglobulin (TIG) is given into the muscle surrounding the wound with the remainder of the dose given into the buttocks.