Testing Schedule

• HR 8:15-8:25• Testing 8:30-10:00• 1st Prd 10:00-10:25• 2nd Prd 10:25-12-05• 3rd Prd 12:05-1:15• 4th Prd 1:15-2:25• 5th Prd 2:25 3:35

Holocaust Key Facts

• Holocaust: systematic killing of 6 million Jews• Key person: Adolph Hitler

• Time prd: WWII• Genocide: planned killing of a race of people• How: – 1. identified Jews with yellow star– 2. took away rights/freedoms– 3. gathered/imprisoned Jews in ghettos– 4. shipped Jews to concentration camps

Concentration Camps

Left• Old, weak, young • Sent to “showers”• Gassed to death• cremated

Right• Workers• Sent to showers• Heads shaved• Given prison clothes• Tattooed with number• Worked to death

Not Just Jews Killed

• Political prisoners• Mentally ill• Disabled• Gypsies, Poles, and others

After

• Survivors – no homes left• United Nations divided Palestine into Arab

and Jewish “states” (countries)• Israel became a Jewish nation - 1948

• Read p. 169 CRCT Test Prep• Answer questions #435-438

Cold WarKey Facts

• When: end of WWII – 1945• What: period of distrust and

misunderstanding• Who: between Soviet Union & U.S.A (and

former allies)• Why: Soviet Union was communist (strong

central gov’t controls everything). U.S.A. believed businesses should be privately owned

Eastern Bloc vs. Western Bloc

Eastern (red)• Soviet Union• Most eastern European

countries

Western (blue)• U.S.A.• Most western European

countries

Germany

• Divided after WWII into 4 parts • 1948: divided into West

Germany (free) and East Germany (Soviet controlled)

• Capital – Berlin – divided into East Berlin and West Berlin

• 1961: Berlin Wall built to separate city

Fears

• Each side believed the other wanted to rule the world

• People feared a nuclear war would happen• Countries formed alliances for protection• 1949– Western Bloc plus Canada formed North Atlantic

Treaty Organization (NATO)– Eastern Bloc formed Warsaw Pact

Rise of the Superpowers

U.S.A.• Democracy• Free market• Permanent seat on U.N.

Security Council• 4th most populated country in

world• Powerful military support

from NATO• Largest navy in world• Military bases all over world• CIA (spies)• Large reserve of nukes

Soviet Union• Communist• Socialist• Permanent seat on U.N. Security

Council• Largest country in the world• 3rd largest population in the world• Military and space technology• World-wide spy network (KGB)• One of largest stockpiles of nukes

in world• Influenced communist countries

and dictatorships

Collapse of the Soviet Union and German Reunification

• Problem: Soviet Union spent $$$$$$$– Putting down revolts in its countries – protecting its borders – keeping up with the arms race against the U.S.A

• 1985 leader Mikhail Gorbachev – reduced gov’t control of business – increased freedom for citizens

• Result: – improved relations with U.S.A. – inspired other Eastern Bloc countries to demand

freedom

• Nov 1989: Berlin Wall torn down

• Germany began to reunify

• Germany was 1 country again in 1990

• Cold War was over• Soviet republics gained

freedom from Soviet Union.

• Many new countries were made. Russia is the largest.