Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC
Transcript of Teaching the Basics of CAN with Information at the DLC
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VISION 2015
Presents….
By: Al San1ni ConsuLab
Teaching The theory and Diagnosis of a Mul>ple CAN System “Mostly”
at the DLC
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WHO AM I?
• Al San>ni • Taught technicians for years at CC level
• Former electrical and emission instructor at College of DuPage
• Independent Trainer now with ConsuLab
• alsan>[email protected]
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What are we going to do? • Generalize CAN as a communica>on thingy • Discuss requirements of equipment • Go thru typical low speed • Go thru typical high speed • Go thru both types of mul>ple CAN • Show basic diagnos>c tes>ng at the DLC and/or module
– DMM – DSO
• Look at some typical LIN (linear interconnect network) • Give you something you may be able to use tomorrow • Think, discuss, digest, BS and learn…. • Keep track of what you do and when….
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Some “Pre” Thoughts • CAN is here to stay. Virtually all 2008+ • Mul>ple high speed CAN on many 2010+ • CAN is a source of frequent MIL on (emission failures?) • CAN is a source of frequent DTC’s (“U” Codes) • You MUST understand the basics or you will be screwed !! • You MUST have equipment to communicate with a CAN
equipped vehicle • You MUST have up-‐to-‐date scanner sobware to
communicate with a CAN equipped vehicle • You MUST have access to a communica>ons wiring
diagram
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What is CAN ?? • Controller Area Network (CAN)
– Local communica>on similar to connec>ng various devices along an Ethernet
• Linear Interconnect Network (LIN) – New to the network (2011 ish)
• Defini>ons: – Gateway = the device that communicates with the “outside” world and between mul>ple CAN Networks
– Bus = a big rolling device that carries people – Bus = the connec>on between devices – Termina>on = usually the two ends of the system – Wake-‐up = a signal sent out by the gateway to begin communica>on
– Roll-‐call = the gateway asks “Are you here and do you have problems?”
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History (stay awake….) • 1983 Bosch introduces CAN (on paper) • 1987 protocol released • 1987 first CAN chips made by Intel • Aber ‘87 CAN (called Mul>plex) starts to show up • 1996 CAN becomes one of OBD-‐II protocols • By 2008 virtually everything is CAN (even trucks !!) • Low speed CAN up to 125Kbits/sec (125,000) • High speed CAN up to 1Mbit/sec (1,000,000) • 8 >mes faster…. And we are not done • Flexray (BMW 8X) up to 10Mbit/sec (10,000,000) • Or 80 >mes faster than low speed • Future???
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So… What Is Important? • Communica>on errors are the
most common -‐ U codes • Different protocols • Single wire vs two wire • Low speed vs High speed • Mul>ple high speed CAN
networks becoming common • LIN becoming more common • Equipment requirements • Wiring diagram details • Simple diagnos>c procedure
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Demo….
• I am the gateway • 5 modules in network • Wake-‐up • Roll call • Problems? • Analysis and communica>on with outside world
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Check the Diagram….
All Data would be proud
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Gateway Ques>ons
• Wake up • Roll call
– SIR – PCM – TCM – An>-‐lock
• Problems (DTC’s)
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1St Example
• During roll call • Each module answered “here with no DTC’s” • What does this mean?
– Communica>on is possible along Bus – Modules are present and communica>ng – No module has any problems
• You will seldom see this example on a vehicle with MIL on
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2nd Example
• SIR = Here and communica>ng with no DTC’s • An>-‐Lock = here and communica>ng with 1 DTC – We need to look at the DTC – duh….
• TCM = here and communica>ng with the gateway but no one else
• PCM = here and communica>ng and “seeing” problems with other modules
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3rd Example
• SIR = no communica>on and not on line • An>-‐Lock = no communica>on and not on line • TCM = no communica>on and not on line • PCM = no communica>on and not on line • Odds are the communica>on bus is down
– Vehicle probably dead… – There may be hidden DTC’s – Get the CAN Bus up and re-‐scan – Tough to es>mate cost
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Conclusion and Choices
• Each module should be able to: – Communicate
• To both the Gateway and each other to share informa>on
– Indicate DTC’s – Indicate if it is not on line (How? By NOT waking up)
• Only accomplished if the CAN Bus is func>oning correctly
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What is the Gateway here?
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“Required” BreakOut Box
• 2 types – Allow scanner connec>on or not – Indicate various parameters or not
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What LED Is On and What does it Mean (AES WAVE Line Spi)
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CAN Remains Ac>ve For Many Seconds
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With This In Mind….
• Use the BOB or MP 1918 to show students that the system is awake
• Show how long system stays awake aber no inputs
• Emphasize to not disconnect anything with CAN awake
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Single wire system
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Dual wire CAN
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MP-‐1918 CAN Bus
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Mul>ple CAN may….
• Actually be available in DLC • Second set of high speed (+ and -‐) • Common module (Gateway) within 2 different CAN networks
• Power and/or ground supplied in usual manner
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2012 GMC Terrain Low Speed 1 of 2
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Low Speed 2 of 2
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High Speed 1 of 2
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High Speed 2 of 2
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Enable Serial Data (LIN)
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BCM Linear Interconnect (LIN)
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Radio/HVAC Linear Connect
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Chassis Expansion Module (2nd High Speed CAN)
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Ford High Speed CAN Present
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Medium CAN Present Pins 3 and 11 Module Communica>ons Network
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Mul>ple CAN Systems
• Usually have one module common to both • This module may even be the gateway
– Responsible for communica>on – Wake up system
• In some cases – More than one module present in both CAN – Tough to figure what is gateway
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Basic Diagnos>cs
• For a no communica>on or no start/crank • Pull barery • Ohm out high speed • Look for wake-‐up signal (DSO)
– May be either low speed or high speed
• Look for communica>on • Scan for available modules (module status)
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• Disconnect the barery picture
The battery must be disconnected
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Resistance Values • If circuit has
– two resistors in parallel • *Measured with the baDery
disconnected – Or “poof”
• Measuring the “bus” resistance
• Communica>on pathway – No pathway = – No communica>on
• Key is wiring diagram
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Some Diagrams Might Not Show Resistors – Ohm meter tells story
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Bat Disconnected. Pins 6 & 14 Ohmmeter Reading Ford Focus ‘08
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Why Do an Ohmmeter Test??
• Basic info on opens and shorts • Does the system have the path for communica>on
• Communica>on wiring integrity • “might” be cause of no monitors • Aber DMM test, reconnect barery and scan • “Possibly” shut down monitor system • Switch to DSO and look for wake up
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Wake Up Sig Low Speed
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Low Speed CAN Bus Pin 1
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CAN High (+) Pin 6
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CAN Low (-‐) Pin 14
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Pins 6 and 14
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Mul>ple CAN may….
• Actually be available in DLC • Second set of high speed (+ and -‐) • Common module within 2 different CAN networks
• Power and/or ground supplied in usual manner
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2012 GMC Terrain Low Speed 1 of 2
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Low Speed 2 of 2
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High Speed 1 of 2
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High Speed 2 of 2
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Enable Serial Data (LIN)
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BCM Linear Interconnect (LIN)
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Radio/HVAC Linear Connect
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Chassis Expansion Module (2nd High Speed CAN)
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DLC PinOut 2012 GMC Terrain
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Pins 12 and 13 Chassis Expansion Module 2012 GMC Terrain
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Pin 12 KOER 2012 GMC Terrain
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Pins 12 & 13
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Proof of High Speed CAN Mirror Image Pins 12 & 13
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Pinging the Modules
• AutoEnginuity • Request module status • Part of start up
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Or… Handheld Scanner and Simpler Vehicle
• Try to determine what you have prior to actually connec>ng
• Use the BOB and scanner in parallel
• Have the wiring diagram in front of you
• Hood DOWN • Pay aren>on to details
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The Wake-‐up Call
• Hello, hello, • Communica>on taking place? – Is anyone listening – Is anyone talking
• Is anyone having problems (DTC’s)
• Pinging the modules
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Module Status or “Hello Out There !!’
• Indicates that communica>on is occurring – Roll call
• 8 modules present – Same as wiring diagram?
• No DTC
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2008 Pon>ac Sols>ce
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Let’s Back Out of Single Wire CAN
• Select Dual Wire CAN • Enter • Look at wiring diagram • Will communica>on occur? • What modules might be on
the bus? • What DTC’s are present?
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Complete Roll Call
• Indicates that communica>on is occurring
• 5 modules present – Same as wiring diagram?
• One has a DTC – Radio
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Dual Wire CAN 2008 Sols>ce
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Tes>ng Sequence Reviewed • With a no high speed communica>on vehicle
– Disconnect barery – Measure resistance between pins 6 and 14
• It must be correct !! • Fix it !
– Check for wake up signal (maybe low speed) – DSO KOEO or KOER
• Both high and low signal – Check for module communica>on
• If no – go to individual module B+ B-‐ and signal • Repair as needed or replace module – re-‐program?
– Check modules vs wiring diagram
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Communica1on Enable and Linear Interconnect “CAN” Network (LIN) Not in DLC
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STOP and look at a LIN • Linear interconnect network • Usually NOT in DLC • Usually a B+ or ground switch from a CAN module • Supplies power to other modules (some>mes addi>onal other than main power
• Sequence: – Gateway wake up signal – CAN comes alive – LIN turns on addi>onal components or modules – Everyone starts talking
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Communica1on Enable and Linear Interconnect “CAN” Network (LIN) Not in DLC
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Fair Winds
• Hope to see you at • NACAT 2015 in Joliet, IL • Or
– On the water • Thanks for arending • Don’t forget to thank our hosts for a great conference