Teacher Resource 2

How a communicable disease is spreadIn this activity learners learn how different diseases can be transmitted.

Hand out the graphic organiser (Learner Resource 2) printed on A3 paper, one per learner, or prepare a PowerPoint slide for learners to copy on to an A3 sheet.

Learners move around the classroom and collect information about how diseases are transmitted, examples of diseases transmitted each way and how their spread may be reduced.

Learners summarise this information on their graphic organiser.

Athletes foot● Caused by a fungus.

● Symptoms: cracked, flaking and itchy skin.

● Spread by direct and indirect contact.

● Treated with anti-fungal cream.

Tobacco Mosaic Virus● Caused by a virus that is spread by

direct and indirect contact.

● Leaves become mottled and discoloured, affecting chloroplast formation and therefore growth.

● Plants must be removed and burnt to prevent spread.

Global Challenges Delivery Guide: Version 1 1 © OCR 2017

Cholera● Caused by a bacteria that lives in dirty

water.

● Causes diarrhoea and dehydration.

● Boiling water or using sterilising tablets may reduce spread.

Influenza● Caused by viruses that are carried in droplets

produced when someone coughs or sneezes.

Barley Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe graminis)● A fungal disease that causes white powdery spots on

leaves and stems of plants.

● Affects photosynthesis, decreasing yields.

● Spread by spores that are carried by wind.

● Can be controlled by spraying fungicides.

Global Challenges Delivery Guide: Version 1 2 © OCR 2017

Salmonella● A bacterium that can be found in raw

meat, eggs and unpasteurised milk.

● Causes stomach pains, diarrhoea, vomiting.

● Reduce spread by cooking food thoroughly.

Crown gall disease (Agrobacterium tumefaciens)● Caused by a bacterium that lives in the soil and enters a

plant though a wound.

● It causes tumours (galls) to grow which can cut off water flowing through the pants stem.

● Infected plants must be removed and destroyed and the area left for at least two years for the bacteria to die out.

Malaria● Caused by a protozoan that is carried

by mosquitoes (a vector) and passed on to humans when they feed on human blood.

● Malaria causes fever and can be fatal.

● Individuals can be vaccinated and take medication to prevent being affected by malaria.

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HIV● HIV is a virus spread by exchanging

body fluids such as blood or semen.

● The virus attacks the white blood cells, weakening the immune system.

● The body can't fight other infections efficiently as a result.

● AIDA is the final stage of HIV when the body can no longer fight off life-threatening infections.

Global Challenges Delivery Guide: Version 1 4 © OCR 2017

OCR Resources: the small printOCR’s resources are provided to support the delivery of OCR qualifications, but in no way constitute an endorsed teaching method that is required by the Board, and the decision

to use them lies with the individual teacher. Whilst every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the content, OCR cannot be held responsible for any errors or omissions within

these resources.

© OCR 2017 - This resource may be freely copied and distributed, as long as the OCR logo and this message remain intact and OCR is acknowledged as the originator of this

work.

OCR acknowledges the use of the following content: Athlete’s foot, carroteater/Shutterstock.com; Tobacco Mosaic virus, NNCreated/Shutterstock.com; Girl drinking water from a

tap, Riccardo Mayer/Shutterstock.com; Man sneezing flu virus, MSSA/Shutterstock.com; Barley powdery mildew, Baimieng/Shutterstock.com; Salmonella, Kateryna

Kon/Shutterstock.com; Crown Gall GEOFF KIDD / SCIENCE PHOTO LIBRARY / Universal Images Group Rights Managed / For Education Use Only; Malaria mosquito,

nechaevko/Shutterstock.com: HIV virus, RAJ CREATIONZS/Shutterstock.com

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