Taking Action on Materials: Global Examples of By-Product Synergy Professor Marian Chertow, Yale...
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Transcript of Taking Action on Materials: Global Examples of By-Product Synergy Professor Marian Chertow, Yale...
Taking Action on Materials: Global
Examples of By-Product Synergy
Professor Marian Chertow, Yale University
Presentation - US Business Council for Sustainable Development
July 17, 2013
Outline for Today Introduction and Vocabulary for Industrial
Ecosystems/Symbiosis/By-Product Synergy
Examples China – Tianjin Economic-Technological
Development Area (TEDA) India – Nanjangud Industrial Area, Mysore Korea – Korean Industrial Complex
Corporation (KICOX)
Industrial ecology is concerned with managing the physical resources of our
modern technological society
“In an industrial ecosystem, the consumption of energy and
materials is optimized, waste generation is minimized, and the
effluents from one process serve as the raw material for another”
R.A. Frosch, and N. Gallopoulos, Strategies for Manufacturing, Scientific American, 260 (3), 144, 1989The first great article of industrial ecology…
Sludge(treated)
Liquid Fertilizer
Farms
Cement;roads
Fishfarming
Water
Water
Water
Fly ash
Heat
ScrubberSludge
Gas
Steam
Ste
am
Sulfur
A-S Bioteknisk Jordrens
Sludge
Ste
am Coo
ling
wat
er
Statoil Refinery
LakeTissø
Boi
ler
wat
er
Yeast slurry Recovered nickel and vanadium
The Industrial Ecosystem of Kalundborg, Denmark
Energy E2 PowerStation
Pharmaceutical
Municipality of Kalundborg
District heating
Wall-board PlantSludge(treated)
Sample Benefits of Industrial Symbiosis/ By-Product Synergy to Kalundborg Participants Water savings
Oil refinery – 1.2 million cubic meters Power station – total consumption reduced by 60% System:
Ground water 2 million cubic meters/year (530 million gallons) Surface water 1 million cubic meters/year (265 million gallons)
Input chemicals/products 170,000 tons of gypsum 97,000 cubic meters of solid biomass (NovoGro 30) 280,000 cubic meters of liquid biomass (NovoGro)
Wastes avoided through interchanges 50,000-70,000 tons of fly ash from power station 2800 tons of sulfur as hydrogen sulfide in flue gas from oil refinery 240,000 tons CO2 reduction annually
Industrial Symbiosis
Industrial symbiosis engages traditionally separate industries in a collective approach to competitive advantage involving physical exchange of materials, energy, water, and/or by products
The keys to industrial symbiosis are collaboration and the synergistic possibilities offered by geographic proximity.
M. Chertow 2000
Annual Review of Energy and Environment(Also Wikepedia)
Jurong Island, Singapore
UK
EU, Vienna, Austria
Monfort Boy’s Town, Suva, Fiji
Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area: TEDA as a Salt Pan in 1984
Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area (TEDA) - 2006
Summary of all symbiotic exchanges identified in TEDAResource exchanged
I-I exchange
(%)
I-E exchange
(%)
Subtotal (%)
Average distance
(km)
Energy 5 (6%) 2 (3%) 7 (9%) 2.9
Water 12 (15%) 0 (0%) 12 (15%)
3.5
Material 16 (20%) 46 (56%) 62 (76%)
28.2
Subtotal 33 (41%) 48 (59%) 81 (100%)
India
Nanjangud
20km
Nanjangud Industrial Area, Karnataka
45 facilities – 900,000 tons of potential discards
Profile of industrial enterprises in NIA A sugar refinery and a coffee/beverage
producer account for ~60% production volume
Printed circuit boards, paper, textiles, automotive parts, distillery
Micro-enterprises: granite cutters, oil producer, food processors
Surrounded by a large agricultural community
Industrial food web in
Nanjangud Industrial AreaMysore, India
Final disposition of all materials generated by NIA facilities in Mysore, India
2015 ~ 2019
5 EIP pilot projects
(US$ 17 million)
2010 ~ 20142005 ~ 2009
Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3
Diffuse EIP concept to 8 industrial parks
(US$ 68 million)
2 to 3 new EIP
(US$ 6.8 million)
EIP master plan for South KoreaKorea Industrial Complex Corporation
CategoryUlsan Mipo
Onsan Total
Food 8 - 8
Textile 5 - 5
Wood / Papers
14 3 17
Petrochemicals
135 63 198
Non ferrous 29 9 38
Steel 132 66 198
Machinery 13 21 34
Electrical, Electronics
84 7 91
Transport Equipments
223 70 293
Others 27 7 34
Services 93 29 122
Total 763 275 1,038Source : KICOX (As on Apr. 2011)
Overview of Ulsan National Industrial Parks
Overall Objectives for Ulsan National Industrial Parks
Environmen-tal Quality Improve-ment
Zero Emission via Resource Circulation
Enhancement of Industry Competitive-ness
Pollution reduction
Cascading Zero-Emission via Resource recycle
Cost Reduction and Enhanced competitiveness
New business
Harmony with
Community
Eco-Polis
Ulsan
Sustainable
Society
Economic benefit : 6.6 million US$/yr (Steam selling and B-C replacement)
Environmental benefit: Reduction of 63,643 tons CO2/yr, 1691.5 ton /yr air pollutants
CO2 generation
CO2 reuse
BOILER
PROCESS
Outside steam
CO2 generation
Cogeneration Plant & BOLIER PROCES
S
Outside sale
STEAM supply
Air emission
STEAM Supply
CO2 Supply
Implementation: Top-down IS network
Thank you and Next!
Peter Laybourn, Chief Executive, International Synergies Limited , May 27, 2013
Chinese EIP standard Added industrial value per capita, and rate of growth of value Eco-efficiencies (per added industrial value)
Energy consumption Freshwater consumption Wastewater generation Solid waste generation COD emissions
Reuse ratios Industrial water Middle water Solid waste
Shared services/utilities Treatment percentage of wastewater Availability of common waste collection, wastewater treatment
systems Management systems
Environmental management system Availability of information management system
Public relations Release of public environmental report Public satisfaction with environmental quality
Source: Geng et al, 2009
Kalundborg as an Adaptive System Changes in footprint: Refinery doubles in size
with North Sea oil claims
Changes in flows: Power station switches fuel to meet regulations for CO2 reductions
Changes in organization: Pharmaceutical operation splits into two companies to separate biotech operations; an international company buys out the Danish gypsum board company
The Symbiosis Activities Kalundborg Symbiosis Institute 26
Kalundborg Symbiosis Institute
spread over ~ 7 km