Taiwan Banana Research Institutebanana-networks.org/Bapnet/files/2013/02/SCChiang.pdf · In 1995,...
63
Cultivation Management of Organic Banana Production at TBRI Organic Farm Shih-Chao Chiang, Chun-Mei Chang, Hsin-Ping Chen, Mei-Jen Chen Taiwan Banana Research Institute International Banana Symposium 2012
Transcript of Taiwan Banana Research Institutebanana-networks.org/Bapnet/files/2013/02/SCChiang.pdf · In 1995,...
Cul
tivat
ion
Man
agem
ent o
f Org
anic
Ban
ana
Prod
uctio
n at
TB
RI O
rgan
ic F
arm
Shih
-Cha
o C
hian
g, C
hun-
Mei
Cha
ng, H
sin-
Ping
Che
n, M
ei-Je
n C
hen
Tai
wan
Ban
ana
Res
earc
h In
stitu
te
Inte
rnat
iona
l Ban
ana
Sym
posi
um 2
012
Tren
d of
glo
bal o
rgan
ic m
arke
t
oSt
rong
gro
wth
has
con
tinue
d in
all
maj
or
Euro
pean
org
anic
mar
kets
and
in th
e U
S,
the
wor
lds
lead
ing
orga
nic
mar
ket
oSa
les
of o
rgan
ic p
rodu
cts
in C
hina
hav
e qu
adru
pled
in th
e la
st fi
ve y
ears
oB
razi
l rep
orte
d an
ann
ual g
row
th ra
te o
f 40%
oM
arke
t ana
lyst
s pr
edic
ted
that
org
anic
sal
es
in A
sia
will
gro
w b
y 20
% a
yea
r ove
r the
nex
t th
ree
year
s So
il A
ssoc
iatio
n, 2
012
Wor
ld re
tail
sale
s of
org
anic
pro
duct
s
Sou
rce
: Liu
, FA
O, 2
007
Gro
wth
of o
rgan
ic m
arke
ts fo
r ban
ana
over
the
perio
d 19
98-2
003
FAO
, 200
3
tonn
es
Org
anic
ban
ana
expo
rts
from
Per
u
Liu,
FA
O, 2
007
Cen
tral
regi
ons
(Jul
y -D
ec)
Sout
hern
and
Eas
tern
regi
ons
(Jan
-Ju
ne)
Reg
ions
and
sea
sons
of b
anan
a pr
oduc
tion
in T
aiw
an
Agr
icul
tura
l lan
d : 8
20,0
00 h
aFo
r ban
ana
prod
uctio
n : 1
3,00
0 ha
Plan
ting
area
, pro
duct
ion
and
expo
rt v
olum
es
of T
aiw
an b
anan
a ov
er th
e pe
riod
1916
-20
11
Planting area (1000 ha)Production / Export
(million CTS)
Adv
ersi
ties
of T
aiw
an b
anan
a in
dust
ry
oSe
vere
loss
from
Fus
ariu
m w
ilto
Agi
ng o
f lab
oro
Hig
h pr
oduc
tion
cost
oU
nava
ilabi
lity
of la
ndo
Smal
l pro
duct
ion
scal
eo
Low
pro
duct
ion
effic
ienc
y
A F
usar
ium
wilt
-sev
erel
y in
fest
ed b
anan
a fie
ld
Dis
ease
Inci
denc
e of
Fus
ariu
m w
ilt
in o
rgan
ic a
nd c
onve
ntio
nal b
anan
a fa
rm
Disease incidence (%)
ÿTe
chni
cally
,is
the
proc
esse
s of
agr
icul
tura
l pro
duct
ion
with
out u
sing
any
syn
thet
ic c
hem
ical
s, p
lant
gr
owth
regu
lato
rs, g
enet
ical
ly-m
odifi
ed
culti
var,
and
caus
ing
any
type
of p
ollu
tion
Org
anic
agr
icul
ture
in T
aiw
an (C
OA
)
Why
org
anic
in T
aiw
an
lTo
impr
ove
soil
qual
ityl
To p
rote
ct E
co-a
nd e
nviro
nmen
tal
syst
ems
lTo
rais
e re
sist
ance
aga
inst
dis
ease
s an
d pe
sts
lTo
incr
ease
pro
duct
ion
prof
itsl
To e
nhan
ce ta
ste
qual
ityl
To m
eet c
onsu
mer
s de
man
d fo
r hea
lthy
food
uTo
redu
ce lo
ss fr
om F
usar
ium
wilt
uTo
alle
viat
e so
il de
grad
atio
nu
To e
nhan
ce ta
ste
qual
ityu
To in
crea
se p
rofit
s fr
om b
anan
a pl
antin
gu
To s
usta
in T
aiw
an b
anan
a in
dust
ry
Goa
ls fo
r org
anic
farm
ing
of
bana
na in
Tai
wan
Org
anic
farm
ing
at T
BR
I
oIn
199
5, la
unch
ed a
pilo
t stu
dy o
n ba
nana
cu
ltiva
tion
in o
rgan
ic w
ayo
In 1
998,
set
up
expe
rimen
tal p
lots
to
com
pare
gro
wth
, yie
ld a
nd q
ualit
y of
ban
ana
betw
een
orga
nic
and
conv
entio
nal f
arm
ing
oIn
200
8, o
pera
ted
2.4
hect
ares
of o
rgan
ic
farm
at T
BR
Io
In 2
010,
est
ablis
hed
anot
her 1
2.8
hect
ares
fo
r ext
ensi
on a
nd c
omm
erci
al p
urpo
ses
Org
anic
farm
2.
4 he
ctar
es, s
ince
1998
Form
osan
a(C
aven
dish
, AA
A)
Cer
tifie
d by
Tse
-Xin
Org
anic
Cer
tific
atio
n
A1
(1-25)
B1(1-19)
C
(1-27)
B2(20-38)
B3(39-57)
A2
(26-50)
A3
(51-75)
N
PP
Org
anic
farm
12
.8 h
ecta
res,
sin
ce 2
010
2010
2012
2011
Tai-C
hiao
No.
5 (C
aven
dish
, AA
A)
Cer
tifie
d by
Har
mon
yO
rgan
ic A
gric
ultu
re F
ound
atio
n
Cro
ppin
gye
arO
MpH
EC
Ava
ilabl
eEx
chan
geab
le0.
1N H
Cl
(1:1
)(1
:5)
PK
Ca
Mg
Fe
Mn
Cu
Zn
(g/k
g)(d
S/m
)(m
g/kg
)
1999
21.1
7.5
0.37
85.7
155.
433
6011
0.5
81.1
3.3
3.3
18.0
2005
31.2
6.9
0.88
149
517
1564
224
310
635.
516
.5
2006
42.9
7.5
0.91
112.
561
7.0
2616
257
219.
898
.36.
225
.2
2007
34.1
7.6
0.66
142.
172
1.0
2085
236
254.
985
.07.
332
.8
2008
34.4
7.6
0.57
118.
837
3.4
2093
271
286.
698
.911
.229
.4
Soil
chem
ical
pro
pert
ies
of 2
.4 h
ecta
res
of o
rgan
ic fa
rm
Soil
chem
ical
pro
pert
ies
of 1
2.8
hect
ares
of o
rgan
ic fa
rm
Plot
OM
pHEC
Ava
ilabl
eEx
chan
geab
le0.
1N H
Cl
(1:1
)(1
:5)
PK
Ca
Mg
FeM
nC
uZn
(g/k
g)(d
S/m
)(m
g/kg
)
A1
13.8
4.34
0.12
44.3
196.
524
6.3
41.5
246.
353
.57.
64.
6
A2
9.7
4.16
0.14
65.6
110.
520
3.5
38.0
255.
226
.53.
12.
5A
313
.13.
890.
2055
.587
.321
9.3
40.5
272.
323
.83.
52.
0B
115
.14.
910.
2259
.915
3.0
671.
388
.829
0.8
85.4
7.9
9.4
B2
7.7
5.13
0.04
59.7
117.
026
5.0
40.5
194.
027
.72.
82.
6
B3
10.4
4.61
0.08
57.7
119.
520
0.5
34.0
232.
427
.13.
62.
8C
6.4
5.86
0.33
30.5
110.
311
27.8
62.5
203.
857
.74.
13.
4
Soil
man
agem
ent
oA
pplic
atio
n of
lim
ing
mat
eria
lo
Surf
ace
cove
red
with
wee
ds a
nd
plan
t deb
ris
Fert
ilize
r rec
omm
enda
tion
for
conv
entio
nal b
anan
as
Seed
ling
NP 2
O5
K2O
g/pl
ant/c
rop
cycl
e
TC16
5~22
083
~110
330~
440
Suck
er16
5~22
083
~110
330~
440
Rat
oon
110~
165
55~8
322
0~33
0
Nut
rient
sup
plie
s
oC
asto
r see
d m
eal (
5-2-
1) 3
~5 k
g /p
lant
/c
rop
cycl
e
oPa
lm b
unch
ash
(K2O
28~
30%
) 2.5
kg
/pla
nt/c
rop
cycl
e
oPl
ant d
ebris
oLi
quid
fert
ilize
r
Aer
atio
n of
org
anic
liqu
id fe
rtili
zer
App
licat
ion
of o
rgan
ic li
quid
fert
ilize
r
Cas
tor s
eed
mea
l (5-
2-1)
Palm
bun
ch a
sh (K
2O 2
8~30
%)
Nut
rient
recy
clin
g fr
om p
lant
resi
duum
Wee
d co
ntro
l
oM
echa
nica
l wee
ding
oH
and
wee
ding
oM
ulch
with
leav
es, p
seud
oste
ms
and
wee
ds
Trac
tor w
eedi
ng
Gas
trim
mer
wee
ding
Dis
ease
and
pes
t con
trol
s
oD
elea
fing
oG
arlic
-hot
pep
per-v
ineg
ar s
olut
ion
oEm
ulsi
fied
oils
+ s
apon
in (0
.5%
)
Mat
eria
ls fo
r dis
ease
and
pes
t con
trol
s
Vine
gar s
olut
ion
with
gar
lic a
nd h
ot p
eppe
r
Pow
er s
pray
ing
Viru
s-in
fect
ed p
lant
s
BB
TV in
fect
ion
CM
V in
fect
ion
nU
proo
ting
of d
isea
sed
plan
ts im
med
iate
ly
Stra
tegi
es
Fusa
rium
wilt
-infe
cted
pla
nts
nTr
ansp
lant
no
dise
ased
suc
kers
nR
emov
e ab
ove-
grou
nd p
ortio
n of
suc
kers
ho
rizon
tally
nPr
ohib
it up
root
ing
of d
isea
sed
plan
tsn
Sani
tize
desu
cker
ing
tool
freq
uent
ly
Stra
tegi
es
uA
pply
100
mm
of w
ater
mon
thly
uIrr
igat
e rh
izos
pher
e to
a m
oist
con
ditio
n u
Mai
ntai
n ad
equa
te s
oil w
ater
con
tent
(> -
0.3b
ar) y
ear r
ound
uU
se p
ipe
irrig
atio
n to
redu
ce le
af d
isea
ses,
nu
trie
nt lo
sses
, spr
ead
of F
usar
ium
wilt
pa
thog
enWat
er m
anag
emen
t
Wat
er s
uppl
y
oU
nder
grou
nd w
ater
oPe
rfor
ated
PE
pipe
oTw
ice
a w
eek
Perf
orat
ed p
ipe
irrig
atio
n
Plan
t and
bun
ch p
rote
ctio
ns
oPr
oppi
ng to
sup
port
pla
nt a
nd b
unch
oEa
rly b
aggi
ng o
f bun
ch
oB
aggi
ng b
unch
with
kra
ft pa
per b
ago
Stre
ngth
ing
mot
her p
lant
by
reta
inin
g m
ore
suck
ers
durin
g ty
phoo
n se
ason
Prop
ping
Plan
t pro
tect
ion
agai
nst t
ypho
on
Bun
ch p
rote
ctio
n
Adv
anta
ges
of k
raft
pape
r cov
er
nTo
pre
vent
loss
from
sun
burn
nTo
redu
ce u
neve
n de
gree
ning
nTo
avo
id in
fect
ion
of fr
eckl
e di
seas
en
Dus
t-fre
e
Une
ven
degr
eeni
ng o
f ban
ana
Kra
ft pa
per b
ag im
prov
es u
neve
n de
gree
ning
of b
anan
a
Sunb
urn
Har
vest
and
pos
t-har
vest
han
dlin
gC
olor
str
ip fo
r mat
urity
con
trol
()
Mat
urity
con
trol
Bun
ch m
ovin
g
Wat
er s
how
er
Del
atax
ing,
wei
ghin
g an
d pa
ckag
ing
Mob
ile p
acki
ng fa
cilit
y
Pre-
cool
ing
Sale
vol
ume
of o
rgan
ic b
anan
a fr
om T
BR
I
Volume of sale (tons)
Cul
tivat
ion
prac
tices
in
orga
nic
and
conv
entio
nal b
anan
a pr
oduc
tion
Cul
tivat
ion
Prac
tices
Org
anic
C
onve
ntio
nal
Plan
ting
layo
utSi
ngle
or d
oubl
e ro
w w
ith s
ingl
e fo
llow
er
Sing
le ro
w w
ith s
ingl
e fo
llow
er
Soil
man
agem
ent
Lim
ing
mat
eria
lsN
one
Nut
rient
sup
ply
Liqu
id fe
rtili
zer/C
asto
r see
d m
eal/P
alm
ash
Com
poun
d fe
rtili
zer (
11-5
.5-2
2),
Wee
d co
ntro
lM
echa
nica
l wee
ding
/Man
ual w
eedi
ng
/Dry
leaf
mul
chPa
raqu
at/G
lufo
sina
te/G
lyph
osat
e
Dis
ease
con
trol
Emul
sifie
d oi
ls/G
PV s
pray
Man
coze
b/P
ropi
cona
zole
Pest
con
trol
Emul
sifie
d oi
ls/G
PVsp
ray
Chl
orpy
rifos
/Del
tam
ethr
in/P
hora
te
Wat
er s
uppl
yU
nder
grou
nd w
ater
/Per
fora
ted
pipe
Und
ergr
ound
wat
er/P
erfo
rate
d pi
pe
Bun
ch p
rote
ctio
nK
raft
pape
r bag
Kra
ft pa
per b
ag
Post
-har
vest
han
dlin
gW
ashi
ng/P
acka
ging
/Pre
-coo
ling
Pack
agin
g/Pr
e-co
olin
g
GP
V-G
arlic
-hot
pep
per-
vine
gar
Con
clus
ion
oO
rgan
ic b
anan
a fa
rmin
g is
an
alte
rnat
ive
to tr
aditi
onal
ban
ana
farm
ing
oO
rgan
ic fa
rmin
g re
duce
s lo
ss fr
om
Fusa
rium
wilt
of b
anan
ao
Dem
and
in o
rgan
ic b
anan
a is
incr
easi
ng
in T
aiw
an
oPl
antin
g ba
nana
in o
rgan
ic w
ay is
wor
thy
of p
rom
otio
n
Than
k yo
u
