TABLE OF CONTENTS · TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 108 ... Explanation of ‘Al-Nahr ... And one who...

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER 108 ................................................................................................................ 2 AL-KAUSAR ................................................................................................................... 2 (3 VERSES) .................................................................................................................... 2 VERSES 1 - 3 .................................................................................................................. 2 MERITS ......................................................................................................................... 2

VERSE 1......................................................................................................................... 3

VERSE 2......................................................................................................................... 7

Explanation of ‘Al-Nahr’ ................................................................................................ 7

VERSE 3......................................................................................................................... 9

Circumstances of the Revelation ................................................................................... 9

Amr Bin Al-Aas – one of the most evil from the latter ones .......................................... 11

Sermon of Amro Bin Al-Aas to delete the Verse ........................................................... 11

Sermon of Amro Bin Al-Aas against Amir-Al-Momineenasws.......................................... 12

Sermon of Amir Al-Momineenasws in response ............................................................. 13

The Altered Verses ...................................................................................................... 14

APPENDIX ................................................................................................................... 15


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CHAPTER 108

AL-KAUSAR

(3 VERSES)

VERSES 1 - 3

ن الرحيم بسم الله الرحم

MERITS

من كانت قراءته: )إنا أعطيناك الكوثر( يف فرائضه و »ابن بابويه: بإسناده، عن أيب بصري، عن أيب عبد اهلل )عليه السالم(، قال: «. أص ووىنوافله، سقاه اهلل من الكوثر يوم القيامة، و كان حمدثه عند رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( يف

Ibn Babuwayh, by his chain, from Abu Baseer, who has narrated:

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘One who recited: Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1] (Surah Al-Kausar) in his Obligatory (Salats) and his optional Salats, Allahazwj will Quench (his thirst) from: Al-Kausar [108:1] on the Day of Judgement, and he will be discussing in the presence of the Rasool-Allahsaww at the roots of Tooba (tree).’1

من هنر الكوثر، و من قرأ هذه السورة سقاه اهلل تعاىل »و من )خواص القرآن(: روي عن النيب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(، أنه قال: من ك هنر يف اجلنة و كتب له عشر حسنات بعدد ك من قرب قربانا من الناس يوم النحر،

And from (the book) Khawas Al Quran –

‘It is reported from the Prophetsaww having said: ‘One who recites this Surah (Al-Kausar), Allahazwj the Exalted would Quench him from the river: Al-Kausar [108:1], and from every river in the Paradise, and Write for him Rewards of the number of every one from the people who offered a sacrifice on the day of the sacrifice (10th Zilhajj).

«.ى النيب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( يف منامه رأي العني، ال يتمث بغريه من الناس إال كما يراهو من قرأها ليلة اجلمعة مائة مرة رأ

And one who recites it (Surah Al-Kausar) on the night of the Friday one hundred times, would see the Prophetsaww in his dream, seeing with the eyes, not a resemblance of other than himsaww from the people, but, just as he sees himsaww’’.2

1 ( .126ثواب األعمال: )

2 Tafseer Al Burhan – H 11933


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VERSE 1

ناك الكوث ر } {1إنا أعطي Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1]

رحه الله يف جادى الخرى سنة إحدى عشرة و خسمائة أخب رنا الشيخ المفيد أبو علي السن بن حممد بن السن الطوسي ث نا الشيخ السعيد الوالد ر بد الله حممد ضي الله عنه قال: أخب رنا أبو ع بشهد موالنا أمري المؤمنني علي بن أيب والب ع قال: حد

ث نا أبو كندة عن عطاء عن بن حممد بن الن عمان رحه الله قال: أخب رنا حممد بن إساعي قال: أخب رنا حممد بن الصلت قال: حد بن عباس رضي الله عنه قال: سعيد بن جب ري عن عبد الله

It was Informed to us by the Sheykh Al Mufeed Abu Ali Al Hassan Bin Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Tusi in the month of Jamadi Al Aakhar in the year five hundred and ten at the location of our Master Amir Al-Momineen Ali Bin Abu Talib

asws, from Al Sheykh Al Saeed Al Waalid, from Abu Abdullah

Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Al No’man, from Muhammad Bin Ismail, from Muhammad Bin Al Salt, from Abu Kadeena, from Ata’a, from Saeed Bin Jubeyr, from Abdullah Bin Abbas who said,

ه به قال إن هذا الن هر إنا أعطيناك الكوث ر قال له علي ع ما هذا الكوث ر يا رسول الله؟ قال ن هر أكرمن الل لما ن زل على النيب ص شريف فان عته ل يا رسول الله

‘When the Verse: Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1] was Revealed unto the Prophetsaww, Aliasws said to himsaww: ‘What is this ‘Al-Kausar’, O Rasool-Allahsaww?’ Hesaww said: ‘A river which Allahazwj has Honoured mesaww by’. Heasws said: ‘This honourable river, describe it for measws, O Rasool-Allahsaww’.

ب ياضا من اللب و أحلى من العس و ألني من الزبد حصباؤه قال ن عم يا علي الكوث ر ن هر يري تت عرش الله ت عاىل ماؤه أشد ت رابه المسك الذف ر ق واعده تت عرش الله ت عاىل الزب رجد و الياقوت و المرجان حشيشه الزعفران

Hesaww said: ‘Yes, O Aliasws. Al-Kausar is a river, which flows from underneath the Throne of Allahazwj. Its water is whiter than milk, and sweeter than honey, and softer than butter. Its gravel is of aquamarine, and the rubies and the coral. Its grass is of saffron, its sand is of fragrant musk, its base is underneath the Throne of Allahazwj the High’.

قال له يا علي إن هذا الن هر ل و لك و لمحبيك من ب عدي.ث ضرب رسول الله ص يده على جنب أمري المؤمنني ع ف

Then Rasool-Allahsaww struck the side of Amir Al-Momineenasws with hissaww hand, and hesaww said to himasws: ‘O Aliasws! This river is for mesaww, and for youasws, and for those that love youasws from after mesaww’.3

3 Bashaarat Al Mustafa

saww Li Shia Al Murtaza

asws - P 1 H 5


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و عنه: عن أحد بن حممد، عن أحد بن السن، عن أبيه، عن حصني بن خمارق، عن عمرو ابن خالد، عن زيد بن علي، عن منازل أه بييت، قال رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(: أراين جربئي منازل يف اجلنة، و»أبيه، عن علي )عليه السالم(، قال:

«.الكوثر على

And from him, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Ahmad Bin Al-Hassan, from his father, from Haseen Bin Mukhariq, from Amro Ibn Khalid, from Zayd Bin Ali, from his father, who has narrated:

Aliasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Jibraeelas showed mesaww mysaww Levels in the Paradise, and the Levels of the Peopleasws of mysaww Household at: Al-Kausar [108:1].’4

و عنه: عن السن بن حمبوب، عن علي بن رئاب، عن مسمع بن أيب سيار، عن أنس بن مالك، قال: سعت رسول اهلل )صلى ملا أسري يب إىل السماء السابعة، قال ل جربئي )عليه السالم(: تقدم يا حممد أمامك. و أراين الكوثر، »اهلل عليه و آله( يقول:

و قال: يا حممد، هذا الكوثر لك دون النبيني،

And from him, from Al-Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Ali Bin Rabaab, from Masma’a Bin Abu Sayyar, from Anas Bin Malik who said:

‘I heard Rasool-Allahsaww say: ‘When Isaww was taken to the seventh Heaven, Jibraeelas said to me: ‘Proceed forward, O Muhammadsaww.’ And Isaww saw Al-Kausar. He said: ‘O Muhammadsaww, this is: Al-Kausar [108:1] for yousaww apart from the Prophetsas.

فرأيت عليه قصورا كثرية من اللؤلؤ و الياقوت و الدر، و قال: يا حممد، هذه مساكنك و مساكن وزيرك و وصيك علي بن أيب ، «والب و ذريته البرار

Then Isaww saw there were numerous palaces of pearls, rubies and precious stones towards it, and he said: ‘O Muhammadsaww, this is yoursaww settlement and the dwellings for yoursaww successor Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws and the good ones from hisasws Progeny.’

«.فضربت بيدي على بالوه فشممته فإذا هو مسك، و إذا أنا بقصور، لبنة من ذهب و لبنة من فضة قال:

Hesaww said: ‘Isaww struck mysaww hand on it and smelt it, it was musk, and when Isaww was by the palaces, they were made from bricks of gold and bricks of silver.’

شجرة، فقال رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(: يا علي أما املنادي فجربئي ، و املاء من هنر يقال له الكوثر، عليه اثنتا عشرة ألف ك شجرة هلا ثالمثائة و ستون غصنا، فإذا أراد أه اجلنة الطرب، هبت ريح، فما من شجرة و ال غصن إال و هو أحلى صوتا من اآلخر، و لو ال أن اهلل تبارك و تعاىل كتب على أه اجلنة أن ال ميوتوا، ملاتوا فرحا من شدة حالوة تلك الصوات، و هذا

«.ء و لك و لفاومة و السن و السني و ليس لحد فيه شيالنهر يف جنة عدن، و هو ل

4 ( 2/ 856: 2تأويل اآليات )


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Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘O Aliasws, as for the caller, it was Jibraeelas, and the water was from the river which is called Al-Kausar [108:1], to which are twelve thousand trees, each of these trees has three hundred branches. Whenever the inhabitants of the Paradise intend for the music, the wind blows through them, and there is no branch but it has its own sound different from the others, and had Allahazwj the Blessed not Decreed for the inhabitants of the Paradise not to die, they would have died of happiness from the intensity of the sweetness of those sounds, and this is the river in the Garden of Eden, and it is for mesaww, and youasws, and for Fatimaasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws, and there is nothing in this for anyone else.’ 5

الطربسي يف )االحتجاج(: يف حديث النيب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( مع اليهود، قالت اليهود: نوح خري منك، قال النيب )صلى اهلل قالوا: لنه ركب على السفينة فجرت على اجلودي. « و مل ذلك؟»عليه و آله(:

Al-Tabarsy in Al-Ihtijaj

In a Hadeeth of the Prophetsaww with a Jew. The Jew said, ‘Noahas is better than yousaww.’ The Prophetsaww said: ‘And why is that?’ He said, ‘Because of having embarked on the ship which settled on the Joudi (Mountain).’

قالوا: و ما ذاك؟ «. د أعطيت أنا أفض من ذلكلق»قال النيب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(:

The Prophetsaww said: ‘What Isaww have been Given is better than that.’ He said, ‘And what is that?’

، اجلنة جمراه من تت العرش و عليه ألف ألف قصر، لبنة من ذهب، و لبنة من فضة إن اهلل عز و ج أعطاين هنرا يف»قال: حشيشها الزعفران، و رضراضها الدر و الياقوت، و أرضها املسك البيض، فذلك خري ل و لميت، و ذلك قوله تعاىل: إنا

«. أعطيناك الكوث ر

Hesaww said: ‘Surely Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic has Given to me a river in the Paradise, which flows from beneath the Throne, and to it are thousands (and) thousands of palaces, made from bricks of gold, and bricks of silver, its grass if of saffron, and its pebbles are of precious stones and sapphire, and its earth is of white musk. That is better for mesaww and mysaww community, and these are the Words of the Exalted: Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1]’.

قالوا: صدقت يا حممد، هو مكتوب يف التوراة، و هذا خري من ذلك.

They said, ‘Yousaww speak the truth, O Muhammadsaww, this is written in the Torah, and this is better than that.’6

ة أعطاه اهلل نبيه )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( هنر يف اجلن»الطربسي، قال: روي عن أيب عبد اهلل )عليه السالم( يف معىن الكوثر، قال: «. عوضا عن ابنه

5 ( 3/ 586: 2ويل اآليات تأ )

6 ( 48االحتجاج: )


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Al-Tabarsy said that it has been narrated,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the meaning of Al-Kausar, said: ‘A river in the Paradise which Allahazwj has Given to Hisazwj Prophetsaww, instead of hissaww son.’

قال: و قي : ]هو[ الشفاعة. رووه عن الصادق )عليه السالم(.

He said, ‘And heasws said: ‘It is the intercession’, as reported from Al-Sadiqasws.’7

د اهلل عليه السالم عن قول الرج يف كتاب معاين االخبار باسناده إىل السني بن اعني اخى مالك بن اعني قال: سألت ابا عب للرج : جزاك اهلل خريا ما يعىن به ؟

In the book Ma’ani Al-Akhbaar, by his chain going up to Al-Husayn Bin Ayn, the brother of Malik Bin

Ayn, who said:

‘I asked Abu Abdullahasws regarding the words of the statement of a person who says to another person, ‘Jaza’k Allah Khaira’ (May Allahazwj Reward you good), what is meant by it?’

فقال أبو عبد اهلل عليه السالم: ان اخلري هنر يف اجلنة خمرجه من الكوثر، والكوثر خمرجه من ساق العرش

Abu Abdullahasws said: ‘As for Al-Khair, this is a river in the Paradise, a tributary of Al-Kausar, and Al-Kausar comes out from the Base of the Throne.’8

يف كتاب املناقب البن شهر آشوب عن يوسف بن مازن الراسىب انه ملا صاحل السن بن على عليهما السالم عذل وقي : يا مذل املؤمنني ومسود الوجوه

In the book Al-Manaaqib of Ibn Sher Aashob – from Yusuf Bin Maazin Al-Raasaby,

When Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws signed the Treaty (with Muawiya), heasws was isolated, and it was said, ‘O one who brought humiliation upon the believers and blackened their faces!’

لسالم: ال تعذلوين فان فيها مصلحة، ولقد راى النيب صلى اهلل عليه وآله يف منامه ختطب بنو امية واحد بعد واحد، فقال عليه ا فحزن فنزل جربئي بقوله: " انا اعطيناك الكوثر " " وانا انزلناه يف ليلة القدر".

Heasws said: ‘Iasws have not brought upon you any humiliation, but it is in your interest, and Iasws have seen the Prophetsaww in a dream, speaking about the clan of Umayyala, one by one. Hesaww was grieving. Jibraeelas came down with Hisazwj Words: Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1] and: Surely We Revealed it during the Night of Pre-determination [97:1] (Surah Al-Qadr)’.9

7 ( .836: 10مجمع البيان )

8 Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 108 H 9

9 Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 108 H 14


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] الاكم السكاين [ ] قال: [ وبه حدثنا حصني، عن أيب حزة، عن علي بن السني، عن أبيه عن جده قال: قال رسول اهلل .)صلى اهلل عليه وآله وسلم(: أريت الكوثر يف اجلنة قلت: منازل ومنازل أه بييت

Al Hakam Al Haskany, from Haseyn, from Abu Hamza,

(It has been narrated) from Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws grandfatherasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww saw Al-Kausar in the Paradise. Isaww said: ‘(This is) mysaww house and the houses of the Peopleasws of mysaww Household’.10

VERSE 2

{2فص لربك وانر }Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2]

Explanation of ‘Al-Nahr’

حممد بن يعقوب: عن حممد بن حيىي، عن أحد بن حممد، عن حاد، عن حريز، عن رج ، عن أيب جعفر )عليه السالم(، قال: «. صلبه و نره النحر: االعتدال يف القيام، أن يقيم»ر؟ قال: قلت له: فص لربك و ان

Muhammad Bin Yaqoub, from Muhammad Bin Yahya, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Hamaad, from Hareez, from a man, who has said:

‘He said, ‘I asked from Abu Ja’farasws: Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2]?’ Heasws said: ‘Al-Nahr – Moderation in the standing. He straightens his back and his neck.’

«.ال تكفر، فإمنا يصنع ذلك اجملوس، و ال تلثم، و ال تتفز، و ال تقع على قدميك، و ال تفرتش ذراعيك»و قال:

And heasws said: ‘Do not commit Kufr, for rather the Magians do that, and do not spread the hips, and not do fall down upon your feet, and do not spread out your arms.’11

سبعني الشيخ يف )أماليه( قال: أخربنا الفار، قال: حدثنا إساعي ، قال: حدثنا أبو مقات الكشي ببغداد، قدم علينا سنة أربع و و مائتني يف قطيعة الربيع، قال: حدثنا أبو مقات السمرقندي، قال: حدثنا مقات بن حيان، قال: حدثنا الصبغ بن نباتة، عن

ملا نزلت على النيب )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( فص لربك و انر، قال: يا جربئي ، ما هذه »علي بن أيب والب )عليه السالم(، قال: «.رية اليت أمرين هبا ريب؟ قال: يا حممد، إهنا ليست نرية، و لكنها رفع اليدي يف الصالةالنح

10

Tafseer Abu Hamza Al Sumali - Hadeeth No. 376 11

.9/ 336: 3الكافي


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Al-Sheykh in his Amaali said that it has been narrated from Al-Hafaar, from Ismail, from Abu Maqaatil Al-Kashy in Baghdad, in the spring of the year two hundred and seventy four, from Abu Maqaatil Al-Samarqandy, from Maqaatil Bin Hayaan, from Asbagh Bin Nabata, who has said:

Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, said: ‘When: Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2] was Revealed unto the Prophetsaww, hesaww said: ‘O Jibraeelas, what is this sacrifice which Allahazwj has Commanded with?’ He said: ‘O Muhammadsaww, this is not a sacrifice, but raise yoursaww hands for Salat.’12

هو رفع يديك حذاء »[ يف قوله: فص لربك و انر: الطربسي عن عمر بن يزيد، قال: سعت أبا عبد اهلل )عليه السالم( ]يقول «. وجهك

Al-Tabarsy, from Amr Bin Yazeed who said,

‘I heard Abu Abdullahasws say regarding Hisazwj Words: Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2]: ‘This is the raising of your hands to your face.’13

بلة و عن جي ، قال: قلت ليب عبد اهلل )عليه السالم(: فص لربك و انر؟ فقال بيده هكذا، يعن استقب بيديه حذو وجهه الق يف افتتاح الصالة.

And from Jameel, who said:

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2]?’ Heasws said: ‘By your hands like this, meaning raising of your hands towards your face to the Qiblah in the inception of the Salat.’14

قات عن حاد بن عثمان قال: سألت الصادق عليه السالم ما النحر ؟ فرفع يده إىل صدره فقال: يف عوال اللئاىل وروى عن م هكذا ث رفعهما فوق ذلك فقال: هكذا استقب القبلة يف استتفاح الصلوة.

In Awaali Al-Aala it has been reported from Maqaatil, from Hamaad Bin Usman who said:

‘I asked Al-Sadiqasws, what is ‘Al-Nahr’?’ Heasws raised hisasws hands up to hisasws chest, said: ‘Like this’, then raised it higher than that, said: ‘This is how you face the Qiblah at the inception of the Salat.’15

ملا نزلت هذه السورة، قال النيب »نني )عليه السالم(، قال: و روي عن مقات بن حيان، عن الصبغ بن نباتة، عن أمري املؤم )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( جلربئي )عليه السالم(: ما هذه النحرية اليت أمرين هبا ريب؟

And it has been reported from Maqaatil Bin Hayaan, from Al-Asbagh Bin Nabata from the Amir-al-Momineenasws, said: ‘When: Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2] was Revealed unto the Prophetsaww, hesaww said: ‘O

12

( .386: 1األمالي ) 13

( 837: 10مجمع البيان ) 14

( 837: 10مجمع البيان ) 15

Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn CH 108 H 22


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Jibraeelas! What is this sacrifice which mysaww Lordazwj has Commanded mesaww with?’

ع يديك إذا كربت، و إذا ركعت، و إذا رفعت رأسك من الركوع، و قال: ليست بنحرية، و لكنه يأمرك إذا ترمت للصالة، أن ترفء زينة و إن زينة الصالة رفع اليدي عند ك إذا سجدت، فإنه صالتنا و صالة املالئكة يف السماوات السبع، فإن لك شي

تكبرية.

Heas said: ‘O Muhammadsaww, this isn’t a sacrifice, but Heazwj has Commanded yousaww that when yousaww stand for the Salat, yousaww raise yoursaww hands during inception, and during the cycles, and when yousaww raise your head after Ruku, and when doing Sajdah, for that is our Salat, and the Salaat of the Angels in the seven skies. For everything there is an adornment, and the adornment of the Salat is the raising of the hands during every exclamation of Takbeer.’’16

VERSE 3

{3إن شانئك هو الب ت ر }Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3]

Circumstances of the Revelation

وذكر علي بن إبراهيم )رحه اهلل( يف هذه السورة أن الكوثر هنر يف اجلنة أعطاه اهلل تعاىل حممدا صلى اهلل عليه وآله عوضا من ابنه إبراهيم.

And it has been mentioned by Ali Bin Ibrahim regarding this Chapter –

‘Al-Kausar [108:1] is a river in the Paradise which Allahazwj has Given to Muhammadsaww in replacement for hissaww son Ibrahimasws.’

سجد وفيه عمرو بن العاص، والكم بن ] أيب [ العاص فقال عمرو: يا أبا االبرت، قال: دخ رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله امل وكان الرج يف اجلاهلية إذا مل يكن له ولد سي أبرتا

He said, ‘Rasool-Allahsaww entered the Mosque and in it was Amr Bin Al-Aasla and Al-Hakam Bin Al-Aas (father). Amrola said, ‘O Aba Al-Abtar (Father of those who have no sons).’ And in the days of ignorance, if a man did not have a son, he was called Al-Abtar.

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( 837: 10مجمع البيان ) (Extract)


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إىل قوله تعاىل -. فأنزل اهلل على رسوله )إنا أعطيناك الكوثر -أي أبغضه -ث قال عمرو: إين الشنا حممدا صلى اهلل عليه وآله شانئك هو االبرت( أي مبغضك عمرو بن العاص هو االبرت، يعن ال دين له وال نسب. إن -

Then Amrola said: ‘Ila am not familiar with Muhammadsaww – meaning in a hateful way. Allahazwj Revealed upon Hisazwj Rasoolsaww: Indeed, We Gave you Al-Kausar [108:1], up to the Words of the Exalted: Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3] - meaning, Amro Bin Al-Aasla hates yousaww, hela is Al-Abtar, meaning there is no religion to him nor any posterity.’17

م حديث ووي يقول فيه عليه السالم واما أنت يا عمرو بن يف كتاب االحتجاج للطربسي )ره( عن السن بن على عليه السالالعاص الشانئ اللعني االبرت فامنا أنت كلب )كنت ظ( أول أمرك، ان امك لبغية وانك ولدت على فراش مشرتك، فتحاكمت

لدة، والعاص بن فيك رجال قريش منهم أبو سفيان بن حرب والوليد بن املغرية، وعثمان بن الارث، و النضر بن الارث بن ك واي ، كلهم يزعم انك ابنه،

In the book Al-Ihtijaj Al-Tabarsy, who has said:

‘Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws, a lengthy Hadeeth in which heasws has said: ‘And as for you, O Amr Bin Al-Aas, the enemy, the accursed, the one without posterity, for you are a dog from your first affair. Your mother gave birth to you on a joint bed. The men of Quraysh made claims regarding you, among whom were Abu Sufyan Bin Harb, and Al-Waleed Bin Mugheira, and Usmaan Bin Al-Haaris, and Al-Nasr Bin Al-Haaris Bin Qalada, each one of them thought that you were his son.

فغلبهم عليك من بني قريش االمهم حسبا واخبثهم منصبا واعظمهم بغية، ث قمت خطيبا وقلت انا شانئ حممد، وقال العاص وائ : ان حممد رج ابرت ال ولد له، فلو قد مات انقطع ذكره،

So he overcame upon you from among Quraysh, the most illiterate one in rank, and the most wicked one in lineage, and the greatest of them in immorality. Then you stood to address, and you said, ‘I am an adversary of Muhammadsaww!’, and (your father) Al Aas Al Waily said, ‘Muhammadsaww is a man without posterity, and if hesaww were to die, hissaww mention would be cut off’.

فأنزل اهلل تبارك وتعاىل: ان شأنك هو االبرت وكانت امك متشى إىل عبد قيس تطلب البغية، تأتيهم يف دورهم ورحاهلم وبطون اوديتهم.

So Allahazwj Blessed and Exalted Revealed: Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3], and it was so that your mother walked to (clan of) Abd Qays seeking the immorality, coming to them in their houses, and their rides, and middle of their valleys’’.18

17

Taweel Al Ayaat Al Zahira – CH 108 H 6 18

Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn CH 108 H 23


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Amr Bin Al-Aas – one of the most evil from the latter ones

تموه ألستم تشهدون ان رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله قال: شر يف كتاب اخلصال فقال أبو ذر رحه اهلل أنا أحدثكم حبديث سع االولني واالخرين اثنا عشر، ستة من االولني وستة من االخرين ؟

In the book Al-Khisaal –

Abu Zarrra said, ‘Ira am narrating to you a Hadeeth, that you have heard. Have you not witnessed that Rasool Allahsaww said: ‘The most evil of the former ones and the later ones are twelve, six are from the former ones and six from the later ones’?

إىل أن قال: واما الستة من االخرين فالعج وهو نعث وفرعون وهو معاوية، وهامان هذه االمة زياد، وقاروهنا وهو سعيد مري وهو أبو موسى عبد اهلل بن قيس النه قال كما قال سامرى قوم موسى " المساس " أي ال قتال، واالبرت وهو عمرو بن والسا

العاص.

To the extent that hesaww said: ‘As for the six from the later ones, so it is the calf, and he is Na’sal (Umar), and Pharaohla, and he is Muawiya, and Haman of this community is Ziyad, and its Qaroun, and he is Saeed, and Al-Samiri, and he is Abu Musa Abdullah Bin Qays (Al-Ashari), because he said just as Samiri of the people of Musaas did, ‘Do not touch him!’, i.e., do not kill (him), and the one without posterity [108:3], and he is Amro Bin Al-Aaas’’.19

Sermon of Amro Bin Al-Aas to delete the Verse

حممد بن العباس، قال: حدثنا حممد بن خملد الدهان، عن علي بن شهد القريضي بالرقة، عن إبراهيم بن علي بن جناح، عن ]و لقد[ قال عمرو بن العاص على منرب مصر: » عن آبائه )عليهم السالم(، قال: السن بن علي بن حممد بن جعفر، عن أبيه،

حمي من كتاب اهلل ألف حرف، و حرف منه ألف. حرف، و أعطيت مائيت ألف درهم على أن أحمو إن شانئك هو الب ت ر

Muhammad Bin Al-Abbas said that it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Makhlad Al-Dahaan, from Ali Bin Shahad Al-Qureyzi, from Ibrahim Bin Ali Bin Junaah, who has narrated:

‘Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws Bin Muhammadasws Bin Ja’farasws, from hisasws fatherasws, from hisasws forefathersasws, said: ‘Amr Bin Al-Aasla said on the pulpit of Egypt, ‘I have deleted a thousand Words from the Book of Allahazwj. I will give two thousand Dirhams for the deletion of: Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3]’

[: فكيف جاز ذلك هلم، و مل يز ل؟ فقالوا: ال يوز ذلك. ]قلت

So they said: ‘That is not allowed.’ I said, ‘How come that is allowed for them (the compilers of the Holy Quran), and it is not allowed for me?’

19

Tafseer Noor Al Saqalayn – CH 108 H 24


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«.فبلغ ذلك معاوية، فكتب إليه: قد بلغن ما قلت على منرب مصر، و لست هناك

That reached Muawiya. He wrote to him, ‘It has reached me what you have said on the pulpit of Egypt, and do not go that way.’20

Sermon of Amro Bin Al-Aas against Amir-Al-Momineenasws

عليه أبان عن سليم قال: بلغ أمري املؤمنني عليه السالم أن عمرو بن العاص خطب الناس بالشام فقال: بعثن رسول اهلل صلى اهلل وآله على جيشه فيه أبو بكر وعمر، فظننت أنه إمنا بعثن لكراميت عليه. فلما قدمت قلت: يا رسول اهلل، أي الناس أحب إليك؟

فقال: )عائشة(. قلت: ومن الرجال؟ قال: )أبوها(.

Abaan from Sulaym who said,

‘It reached Amir-al-Momineenasws that Amro Bin Al-Aas preached to the people in Syria saying, ‘Rasool-Allahsaww sent me to hissaww army in which were Abu Bakr and Umar, so I thought that hesaww had not sent me but to honour them. When I went to himsaww, I said, ‘O Rasool Allahsaww, who is the most beloved of the people to yousaww?’ Hesaww said, ‘Ayesha’. I said, ‘And who from the men?’ Hesaww said, ‘Her father’.

أيها الناس، وهذا علي يطعن على أيب بكر وعمر وعثمان، وقد سعت رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله يقول: )إن اهلل ضرب بالق الئكة لتستحي من عثمان( على لسان عمر وقلبه( وقال يف عثمان: )إن امل

O you people! And this Aliasws who is denouncing Abu Bakr and Umar and Usman, and I have heard Rasool Allahsaww say that: ‘Allahazwj had Struck the heart and tongue of Umar with the truth’, and hesaww said with regards to Usman that: ‘The Angels are embarrassed by Usman’.

يروي على عهد عمر: إن نيب اهلل نظر إىل أيب بكر وعمر مقبلني، فقال: )يا علي، -يعن أذنيه -وقد سعت عليا وإال فصمتا هذان سيدا كهول أه اجلنة من الولني واآلخرين ما خال النبيني منهم واملرسلني، وال تدثهما بذلك فيهلكا(

And I have heard Aliasws, and except for my silence’ – meaning his deafness – ‘narrated (to me) during the era of Umar that the Prophetsaww looked at Abu Bakr and Umar coming over, so hesaww said: ‘O Aliasws, These two are the Chiefs of the elderly inhabitants of Paradise, from the former ones and the latter ones, except for the Prophetsas among them and the Rasoolsas, and do not narrate that to both of them (Abu Bakr and Umar), for they would be destroyed’.

20

( 42/ 569: 2تأويل اآليات )


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Sermon of Amir Al-Momineenasws in response

علي عليه السالم فقال: العجب لطغاة أه الشام حيث يقبلون قول عمرو ويصدقونه وقد بلغ من حديثه وكذبه وقلة ورعه فقامأن يكذب على رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله، وقد لعنه سبعني لعنة ولعن صاحبه الذي يدعو إليه يف غري موون، وذلك أنه هجا

سبعني بيتا، رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله بقصيدة

Aliasws arose and said: ‘The strangeness of the tyrants of the people of Syria for accepting the words of Amro and ratifying him, and it has reached from his narration, and his lies, and Iasws say that he is forging lies against Rasool Allahsaww who has cursed him with seventy curses, and cursed his companion who called to him in another place, and that he had ridiculed Rasool Allahsaww by poems in seventy verses.

ت ومالئكتك بك بيت لعنة ترتى على عقبه فقال رسول اهلل صلى اهلل عليه وآله: )اللهم إين ال أقول الشعر وال أحله، فالعنه أن إىل يوم القيامة(.

So Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘O Allahazwj, Isaww do not speak poetry nor do Isaww consider it to be permissible, therefore Youazwj and Yourazwj Angels, Send Curses for each of those verses (he fabricated) and upon his descendents up to the Day of Judgement!’

وأقوهلم له الناس لشنأ وإين له، عقب ال أبرت صار قد حممدا إن: فقال قام وآله عليه اهلل صلى اهلل رسول بن إبراهيم مات ملا ث سوء فيه

Then, when Ibrahimasws, the sonasws of the Rasool Allahsaww passed away, he stood up and said that, ‘Muhammadsaww has become ‘Abtar’, there is no posterity to himsaww, and I am the most adversarial of the people to himsaww and speaker of the most evil of the words regarding himsaww’.

.خري ك ومن اإلميان من أبرت يعن ،(البرت هو شانئك إن: )فيه اهلل فأنزل

So Allahazwj Revealed regarding him: Surely your adversary, he is the one without posterity [108:3] – meaning cut-off from the Eman and from every goodness’.

نا أه البيت بكذبه. لكأين بالقراء الضعفة اجملتهدين قد رووا حديثه وصدقوه فيه واحتجوا علي

But, weak preachers and the Mujtahids have reported his Hadeeth and have ratified him with regards to it, and are using these to argue against usasws - the Peopleasws of the Household with his lies.

ر؟ ولو شئت لسميت الثالث. إنا نقول: خري هذه المة أبو بكر وعم

Have Iasws ever said that Abu Bakr and Umar are the best ones of this community?’ If Iasws had done so Iasws would have also named the third one.


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واهلل ما أراد بقوله يف عائشة وأبيها إال رضا معاوية ولقد اسرتضاه بسخط اهلل.

By Allahazwj, what are they intending by his words with regards to Ayesha and her father except to please Muawiya, and their pleasing him is (at the expense of the) Angering Allahazwj.

كذب علي يقينا وأن اهلل مل يسمعه من سرا وال وأما حديثه الذي يزعم أنه سعه من، فال والذي فلق البة وبرأ النسمة ليعلم أنه جهرا.

But rather, the Hadeeth which they are alleging that he has heard from measws, it is not so. By the Oneazwj Who Split the seed and Formed the person, he certainly knows that he is lying against measws, and that Allahazwj has never Heard it from measws, neither secretly nor openly.

. وعلي عليه وكذهبما بنبيك واستخفافهما ونبيك كتابك على وكذهبما سبيلك عن بصدمها معاوية والعن عمرا العن اللهم

O Allahazwj! Curse Amro and Curse Muawiya for straying from Yourazwj Way, and their lying against Yourazwj Book, and Yourazwj Prophetsaww, and their contempt of himsaww and lying against himsaww and measws’.21

The Altered Verses

Abu Dawood, from a man, who has said:

Abu Abdullahasws said: Indeed, We Gave you, O Muhammad, Al-Kausar [108:1] Therefore pray Salat to your Lord and be moderate [108:2] Surely your adversary, Amro Bin Al Aas, he is the one without posterity [108:3], and that was when Ibrahimasws died, Amrola said, ‘This morning Muhammadsaww has become Al-Abtar as a punishment to himsaww. This Surah was Revealed unto himsaww.’22

21

Kitaab Sulay Bin Qays Al Hilali – H 22 22

Fasl Al Khitaab (Agha E Noori) P 349 – From Ibn Sayyari (701)


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APPENDIX

حدثن أيب، عن سعيد بن عبد اهلل و عنه، قال: أخربنا حممد بن حممد، قال: أخربين أبو السن أحد بن حممد بن السن، قال:هالل، عن الكليب، عن أيب صاحل، عن عبد اهلل بن بن موسى، قال: حدثنا حممد بن عبد الرحن العرزمي، قال: حدثنا املعلى بن

أعطاين اهلل تعاىل خسا و أعطى عليا خسا، أعطاين جوامع »العباس، قال: سعت رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( يقول: اين الوحى، و الكلم، و أعطى عليا جوامع العلم، و جعلن نبيا، و جعله وصيا، و أعطاين الكوثر، و أعطاه السلسبي ، و أعط

«.أعطاه اإلهلام، و أسرى يب إليه، و فتح له أبواب السماء و الجب حىت نظر إل و نظرت إليه

And from him, who said that it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Muhammad, from Abu Al-Hassan Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from his father, from Saeed Bin Abdullah Bin Musa, from Muhammad Bin Abdul Rahmaan Al-Azmy, from Al-Moala Bin HIlal, from Al-Kalby, from Abu Saleh, from Abdullah Bin Al-Abbas who said:

‘I heard Rasool-Allahsaww saying: ‘Allahazwj has Given to mesaww five, and Given to Aliasws five. Heazwj has Given me the totality of speech (The Quran) and Given to Aliasws the totality of the Knowledge, and has Made mesaww a Prophet and Made himasws a successor, and Gave mesaww Al-Kausar and Gave him Al-Salsabeel, ((Of) a Fountain therein named as Salsabeel [76:18]), and Gave mesaww the Revelation and Gave himasws the Inspiration, and Took mesaww to Himazwj (Me’raaj) and Opened for himasws the Gateways of the sky and the Veil until heasws looked at mesaww and Isaww looked at himasws.’

ل اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله(، فقلت له: ما يبكيك فداك أيب و أمي؟ قال: ث بكى رسو

He said, ‘Then Rasool-Allahsaww wept, so I said to him. ‘What makes yousaww cry, may my father and my mother be sacrificed for yousaww?’

انظر تتك، فنظرت إىل الجب قد اخنرقت، و إىل أبواب السماء قد يا بن عباس، إن أول ما كلمن به أن قال: يا حممد،»قال: «.فتحت، و نظرت إىل علي و هو رافع رأسه إل، فكلمن و كلمته، و كلمن ريب عز و ج

Hesaww said: ‘O Ibn Abbas, it was the first thing that was said to mesaww, which was: ‘O Muhammadsaww! Look under yousaww.’ Isaww looked towards the Veil which was breached, and towards the Gateways of the sky which were open, and looked at Aliasws and heasws had raised hisasws head towards mesaww. Heasws spoke to mesaww, and Isaww spoke to himasws, and Mysaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic Spoke to mesaww’.

قال ل: يا حممد، إين جعلت عليا وصيك و وزيرك و خليفتك من بعدك، فأعلمه، »قلت: يا رسول اهلل مب كلمك ربك؟ قال: فها هو يسمع كالمك. فأعلمته و أنا بني يدي ريب عز و ج ، فقال ل: قد قبلت و أوعت.

I (the narrator) said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww, what did yoursaww Lordazwj Say to yousaww?’ Hesaww said: ‘Heazwj Said to mesaww: “O Muhammadsaww! Iazwj have Sent Aliasws as yoursaww successor, as yoursaww Vizier, and as yoursaww Caliph after yousaww, for Iazwj have let himasws know about this, here heasws is listening to yoursaww words.” Isaww let


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himasws know and Isaww was in the Presence of mysaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic. Heazwj Said to mesaww: “Heasws has accepted it and will follow.’

هم السالم، و رأيت املالئكة يتباشرون به، و ما مررت بالئكة من مالئكة فأمر اهلل املالئكة أن تسلم عليه، ففعلت، فرد عليالسماء إال هنئوين و قالوا: يا حممد، و الذي بعثك بالق نبيا، لقد دخ السرور على جيع املالئكة باستخالف اهلل عز و ج

لك ابن عمك،

Allahazwj Commanded the Angels: “Greet himsaww.’ They did it. Isaww returned their greeting, and Isaww saw the Angels giving each other the glad tidings with it, and there was no Angel who passed by another Angel of the sky, but congratulated mesaww and said: ‘O Muhammadsaww, by the One Whoazwj Sent yousaww by the Truth as a Prophet, happiness has permeated into all of the Angels by Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic (Choosing) the son of yoursaww uncle to be yoursaww Caliph (successor).’

سهم؟ و رأيت حلة العرش قد نكسوا رؤوسهم إىل الرض، فقلت: يا جربئي مل نكس حلة العرش رؤو

And Isaww saw that the bearers of the Throne had lowered their heads towards the earth. Isaww said: ‘O Jibraeelas, why have the bearers of the Throne lowered their heads?’

ارا به، ما خال حلة العرش فإهنم فقال: يا حممد، ما من ملك من املالئكة إال و قد نظر إىل وجه علي بن أيب والب استبشاستأذنوا اهلل عز و ج الساعة، فأذن هلم أن ينظروا إىل علي بن أيب والب، فنظروا إليه، فلما هبطت جعلت أخربه بذلك و هو

«.خيربين به، فعلمت أين مل أوأ مووئا إال و قد كشف لعلي عنه حىت نظر إليه

He said: ‘O Muhammadsaww! There is none from the Angels except that he is looking at the face of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, getting glad tidings with it, except for the bearers of the Throne. They had asked Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic for the time. Heazwj Permitted them to look at Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws. They looked at himasws. When they got down, they brought hisasws news by that and they informed me about it. I know that I will not be Given the footstool except that it has been disclosed to Aliasws and I have looked at himasws.’

عليك بودة علي بن أيب والب، و الذي بعثن بالق نبيا ال يقب اهلل من »باس: فقلت: يا رسول اهلل، أوصن. فقال: قال ابن ععبد حسنة حىت يسأله عن حب علي بن أيب والب، و هو تعاىل أعلم، فإن جاء بواليته، قب عمله على ما كان منه، و إن مل

إىل النار.ء، ث أمر به يأت بواليته مل يسأله عن شي

Ibn Abbas said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww, advise me.’ Hesaww said: ‘It is for you to have affection for Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws. By the One Whoazwj Sent mesaww by the Truth as a Prophet, Allahazwj will not Accept from the servant any good deed until Heazwj Questions him about the love of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, and Heazwj, the Exalted Knows that he has come with hisasws Wilayah, will Accept his deeds even from before it. And if he did not come by hisasws Wilayah, Heazwj will not Ask him about anything, and Command for him to be in the Fire.


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يا بن عباس، و الذي بعثن بالق نبيا، إن النار لشد غضبا على مبغض علي منها على من زعم أن هلل ولدا.

O Ibn Abbas, by the One Whoazwj Sent me with the Truth as a Prophet, the Fire will be more intense in its fury on the one who hates Aliasws than on the one who claims that Allahazwj has a son.’

قلت: يا «.يا بن عباس، لو أن املالئكة املقربني و النبياء املرسلني اجتمعوا على بغض علي، و لن يفعلوا، لعذهبم اهلل بالنار رسول اهلل، و ه يبغضه أحد؟

‘O Ibn Abbas, if the Angels of Proximity and the Rasoolsas gather together on the hatred of Aliasws, and they will never do it, Allahazwj would have Punished them by the Fire.’ I said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww, does anyone hate himasws?’

أميت، مل يع اهلل هلم يف اإلسالم نصيبا. يا بن عباس نعم، يبغضه قوم يذكرون أهنم من »قال:

Hesaww said: ‘O Ibn Abbas, yes. The group which hates himasws is the one which mentions himasws to be from mysaww community, Allahazwj will never Make any share to be for them in Islam.

نبيا، ما بعث اهلل نبيا أكرم عليه من، و هم له تفضيلهم من هو دونه عليه. و الذي بعثن بالقيا بن عباس، إن من عالمة بغض «.ال وصيا أكرم عليه من وصيي

O Ibn Abbas, from the signs of their hatred is that they would have preferred it to be someone else (other than Aliasws). By the One Who Sent measws by the Truth as a Prophet, Allahazwj has never Sent a Prophet more prestigious than Isaww, and no successor more prestigious than himasws as a successor.’

لكرب عملي عندي. قال ابن عباس: فلم أزل له كما أمرين رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( و وصاين بودته، و إنه

Ibn Abbas said, ‘I never removed the affection for himasws as Rasool-Allahsaww had advised me, and this was a great deed with me.’

أيب و قال ابن عباس: ث مضى من الزمان ما مضى، و حضرت رسول اهلل )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( الوفاة، حضرته فقلت له: فداك امي يا رسول اهلل، قد دنا أجلك، فما تأمرين؟

Ibn Abbas said, ‘Then years passed by, and I was present with Rasool-Allahsaww when hesaww was near to passing away. I said to himsaww: ‘May my father and my mother be sacrificed for yousaww, O Rasool-Allahsaww! Old age has come to yousaww. What is yoursaww order for me?’

قلت: يا رسول اهلل، فلم ال تأمر الناس برتك «.يا بن عباس، خالف من خالف عليا، و ال تكونن هلم ظهريا و ال وليا»فقال: خمالفته؟


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Hesaww said: ‘O Ibn Abbas, Oppose the one who opposes Aliasws, and do not be a helper to them nor be their friend.’ I said, ‘O Rasool-Allahsaww, why do yousaww not order the people to avoid opposing himasws?’

يا، يا بن عباس ]قد[ سبق فيهم علم ريب. و الذي بعثن بالق نب»قال: فبكى )صلى اهلل عليه و آله( حىت أغمي عليه، ث قال: ال خيرج أحد ممن خالفه من الدنيا، و أنكر حقه، حىت يغري اهلل تعاىل ما به من نعمة.

He said, ‘Rasool-Allahsaww cried until there was fainting upon himsaww, then hesaww said: ‘O Ibn Abbas! Mysaww Lordazwj already Knows about them. By the One Whoazwj Sent mesaww by the Truth as a Prophet, not one of them will come out from his opposition to himasws in the world, and deny hisasws right, until Allahazwj the Exalted Changes it by Hisazwj Favour.

بن أيب والب، و م معه حيث مال، و أرض به يا بن عباس، إذا أردت أن تلقى اهلل و هو عنك راض، فاسئلك وريقة علي إماما، و عاد من عاداه، و وال من وااله.

O Ibn Abbas, if you intend to be Received by Allahazwj and Heazwj to be Pleased with you, travel on the way of Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws, and be with himasws wherever heasws is, and attend to himasws as being an Imamasws, and be an enemy to those who are hisasws enemies, and be a friend to those who are hisasws friends.

«.يا بن عباس، احذر أن يدخلك شك فيه، فإن الشك يف علي كفر باهلل عز و ج

O Ibn Abbas, be careful not to let doubt enter into you about himasws, for the doubt regarding Aliasws is Kufr with Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic.’23

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( 102: 1األمالي )

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