T ROPHIC L EVEL Q UESTIONS 1) Describe how energy gets passed around within an ecosystem. 2) List...
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Transcript of T ROPHIC L EVEL Q UESTIONS 1) Describe how energy gets passed around within an ecosystem. 2) List...
TROPHIC LEVEL QUESTIONS
1) Describe how energy gets passed around within an ecosystem.
2) List and describe the differences between the five ways organisms get their energy. (producer, herbivore, etc.)
3) Describe the differences between a food chain and a food web. Which is more accurate and why?
4) What are the tropic levels?5) Describe the 10% rule and why this occurs.6) TBA (at the end of the slideshow)
ENERGY TRANSFER
Each time an organisms eats another organisms, energy transfer occurs.
Food chains, food webs, and trophic levels tell us how energy transfer occurs.
Each step in the chains or webs represent the transfer of energy.
Each time energy is transferred from one level to another, some energy is lost as heat and less energy is available for organisms at the next level.
OMNIVORE
Get energy from both producers and consumers
Example: bears, pigs, gorillas, rats, cockroaches, humans
DECOMPOSER
Breaks down dead organisms in an ecosystem and returns nutrients to soil, water, and air.
Examples: fungi and bacteria
• Trophic Levels
Figure 19.21
Carnivore
Carnivore
Carnivore
Herbivore
Plant
A terrestrial food chain
Quaternary consumers
Tertiary consumers
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Producers
Carnivore
Carnivore
Carnivore
Zooplankton
Phytoplankton
A marine food chain
CONSUMERS
Organisms which eat other organisms to obtain energy.
1. Primary Consumer: eats producers2. Secondary Consumer: eats
primary consumers.3. Tertiary Consumer: eat secondary
consumers4. Quaternary Consumer: Eat Tertiary
consumers
Figure 19.23
Quaternary,
tertiary,
and secondary consumers
Tertiary and
secondary consumers
Secondary and
primary consumers
Primary consumers
Producers (plants)
10% RULE 90% of the energy at each trophic level is used
to carry out functions of living. Only 10% is available to the next trophic level. http://www.brainpop.com/science/energy/energ
ypyramid/
Figure 19.26
Tertiary consumers
Secondary consumers
Primary consumers
Producers
10 kcal
100 kcal
1,000 kcal
10,000 kcal
What happens to energy as you go up trophic levels? Why?
6)
The feeding relationships in an ecosystem
– Think of a ecosystem and 12 organisms that live in it. Create a food web and include at least one organism for each trophic level. (Show who eats who.) Also label 6 abiotic factors that are part of your ecosystem.
POSTER ASSIGNMENT
Draw an Ecosystem with 12 organisms. Include at least one from each trophic level (producers, primary, secondary, tertiary, quarternary consumers, and decomposers). Show who eats who.
List 6 abiotic factors that are part of your ecosystem. On the back, describe how they affect organisms in the ecosystem.
Include at least 1 ecosystem cycle (water, nitrogen, and/or carbon cycle). Provide description of cycle on back.
(You will be presenting these to the class!!!)