Suzanne D'Anna1 Bones of the Skull. Suzanne D'Anna2 Sutures immovable joints found only between...

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Suzanne D'Anna Bones of the Skull

Transcript of Suzanne D'Anna1 Bones of the Skull. Suzanne D'Anna2 Sutures immovable joints found only between...

Page 1: Suzanne D'Anna1 Bones of the Skull. Suzanne D'Anna2 Sutures immovable joints found only between bones of the skull n coronal - found between the frontal.

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Bones of the Skull

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Sutures immovable joints found only between

bones of the skull coronal - found between the frontal and

the two parietal bones sagittal - between the two parietal bones lambdoid - between the parietal and

occipital bones squamous - between the parietal and the

temporal bones

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Fontanels (little fountain)

infancy membrane filled spaces found between cranial bones at birth eventually replaced by bone (about age 2) Functions:

- enable the fetal skull to modify shape during birth process

- permit rapid growth of brain during

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Neurocranium (cranial bones)

frontal parietal temporal sphenoid ethmoid occipital

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Frontal unpaired (single bone) forms anterior part of the cranium (forehead) roof of the orbits most of anterior part of cranial floor smooth portion between orbits

- glabella each bony ridge perforated by

- supraorbital foramen contains frontal sinuses

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Frontal

glabella

supraorbitalforamen

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Parietal paired, posterior to frontal bone forms sides and roof of cranium bones meet at midline to form

- sagittal suture posteriorly, bones merge with occipital bone to form

- lambdoid suture lateral sides of skill merge with temporal bone to

form

- squamous suture

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Parietalsagittal suture

lambdoid suture

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Temporal paired forms sides and base of skull has pit or depression

- mandibular or glenoid fossa

(site of articulation with mandible) sharp projections on underside

- styloid process

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Temporal (cont.)

rounded projection at back:

- mastoid process has canal on lateral sides

- external auditory meatus suture that connects occipital with

parietal

- lambdoid suture

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Temporal (cont.) zygomatic process projecting from inferior

- articulates with temporal process of

zygomatic bone zygomatic process of temporal bone and

temporal process of zygomatic bone make up zygomatic arch

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Temporalglenoidfossa

externalauditorymeatus

mastoid process

zygomaticprocess

styloidprocess

lamboidsuture

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Sphenoid single bone wedge or butterfly shaped situated on cranial floor central depression called sella turcica

- surrounds pituitary gland articulates with cranial bones

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Sphenoid

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Ethmoid single anterior part of cranial floor between

orbits anterior to sphenoid posterior to nasal bones primary supporting bone of nasal cavity

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Ethmoid

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Occipital single posterior and base of cranium (base and

back) has large opening called foramen magnun

(through which spinal cord passes) occipital protuberance is midway between

top and foramen magnum occipital condyles articulate with atlas

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Occipital

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Viscerocranium (facial bones)

nasal vomer inferior nasal conchae lacrimal maxilla palatine zygomatic mandible

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Nasal paired oblong bones side by side in midline forms bridge of nose major portion of the nose consists of

cartilage

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Vomer single, triangular in lower back of nasal cavity forms portion of septum partition of two nasal chambers

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Inferior Nasal Conchae (KONG-ke)

paired thin, spongy looks rolled or coiled lateral wall of each nostril function to increase interior surface area

of the nose also called turbinate bones

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Lacrimal (lacrima = tear)

paired thin bones in anterior wall of orbit inner angle of eye directly behind frontal process of maxilla lacrimal duct passes through smallest of facial bones

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lacrimal

vomer

nasalconchae

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Maxillae paired bones join at midline to form upper jaw articulates with all bones of face except

mandible form part of floor of orbits form lateral walls and floor of nasal cavity contain inferior orbital foramen contain maxillary sinus which empty into nasal

cavity

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Maxillae (cont.)

forms most of hard palate contains alveolar process

- arch that contain alveoli (sockets) for maxillary (upper) teeth

contains palatine process

- horizontal projection on maxilla anterior 3/4 of hard palate

maxillary bones unite before birth

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Cleft Palate failure of palatine processes to unite

at about 10-12 weeks of embryonic development

repair - between age one and age 2

Cleft Lip split in the upper lip repair - first year of life

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Palatine Bones paired L-shaped form posterior portion of hard palate part of the floor and lateral wall of the

nasal cavity small portion of floors of the orbits

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Palatine Bone

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Zygomatic paired form prominences of the cheeks part of lateral wall and floor of each orbit also known as malars temporal process of zygomatic bone

projects posteriorly and articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone

- together form zygomatic arch

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Mandible (mandere = to chew)

single bone, lower jaw largest, strongest facial bone only movable bone of skull (except ear

ossicles) contains alveolar process

- arch that contain alveoli (sockets) for mandibular (lower) teeth

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Mandible (cont.)

body; curved horizontal portion two perpendicular portions: (rami) condyloid process articulates with temporal

bone coronoid process attaches to temporalis

muscle mandibular angles mental and mandibular foramen

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zygomatic

maxilla

mandible

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Hyoid Bone (hyoedes = U-shaped) single bone does not articulate with any other bone suspended from styloid process by

ligaments and tendons located in neck between mandible and larynx supports tongue; attachment for muscles of

neck and pharynx consists of body and projections often fractured during strangulation


The Head Lecture 18. Bones of the Skull the skull is primarily composed of flat bones that interlock at immovable joints called sutures the skull often.

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