Suzanne D'Anna1 Anatomical Position. Suzanne D'Anna2 Anatomical Position n body erect n feet...
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Transcript of Suzanne D'Anna1 Anatomical Position. Suzanne D'Anna2 Anatomical Position n body erect n feet...
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Suzanne D'Anna 1
Anatomical Position
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Suzanne D'Anna 2
Anatomical Position
body erect feet together arms hanging at
sides palms facing
forward
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Suzanne D'Anna 3
Directional Terms
superior inferior anterior posterior medial lateral intermediate proximal
ipsilateral contralateral distal superficial deep parietal visceral
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Suzanne D'Anna 4
Superior
towards the head upper part of structure above Examples:
- forehead is superior to the nose
- lips are superior to the chin
- heart is superior to the liver
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Suzanne D'Anna 5
Inferior
away from head end toward lower region of structure or body Examples:
- navel is inferior to the breastbone
- knee is inferior to the hip
- stomach is inferior to the lungs
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Suzanne D'Anna 6
Anterior
towards the front in front of Examples:
- breast bone is anterior to the spine
- front teeth are anterior to the back teeth
- sternum is anterior to the heart
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Suzanne D'Anna 7
Posterior
toward or at the back behind Examples
- heart is posterior to the sternum
- molars are posterior to the front or anterior teeth
- esophagus is posterior to the trachea
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Suzanne D'Anna 8
Medial
towards the midline inner side of Examples:
- head is medial to the arm
- ulna is on the medial side of the forearm
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Suzanne D'Anna 9
Lateral
away from the midline towards the side Examples:
- eye is lateral to the bridge of the nose
- lungs are lateral to the heart
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Suzanne D'Anna 10
Intermediate
between a more medial and more lateral structure
Examples:
- collar bone is intermediate between the breast bone and the shoulder
- ring finger is intermediate between the little and middle fingers
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Suzanne D'Anna 11
Proximal
close to origin or point of attachment sides next to each other Examples:
- elbow is proximal to the wrist (closer to the shoulder than that the wrist)
- humerus is proximal to the radius
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Suzanne D'Anna 12
Ipsilateral
on same side of the body Examples:
- ring finger is ipsilsteral to the little or middle fingers
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Suzanne D'Anna 13
Contralateral
on the opposite side of the body Examples:
- ascending and descending colons of the large intestine are contralateral
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Suzanne D'Anna 14
Distal
farthest from origin Examples:
- knee is distal to thigh
- wrist is distal to shoulder
- phalanges are distal to the carpals (wrist bones)
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Suzanne D'Anna 15
Superficial
towards the surface Examples:
- skin is superficial to the skeleton
- muscles of the thoracic wall are superficial to the lungs
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Suzanne D'Anna 16
Deep
more internal Examples:
- heart is deep in relation to the skin
- nasal sinuses are deep in relation to the nose
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Suzanne D'Anna 17
Parietal
pertaining to or forming the outer wall of a body cavity
Example:
- parietal pleura forms the outer layer of the pleural sacs that surround the lungs
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Suzanne D'Anna 18
Visceral
pertaining to the covering of an organ within the ventral body cavity
Example:
- visceral pleura forms the inner layer of the pleural sacs and covers the external surface of the lungs
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Suzanne D'Anna 19
Body Planes
imaginary lines used to divide body into sections
- sagittal
- mid-sagittal
- frontal
- transverse
- oblique
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Suzanne D'Anna 20
Sagittal
vertical plane lengthwise longitudinal divides the body
into right and left portions
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Suzanne D'Anna 21
Mid-sagittal
midline divides the body
into equal right and left portions
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Suzanne D'Anna 22
Frontal(coronal)
right angles to sagittal plane
divides the body into anterior and posterior portions
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Suzanne D'Anna 23
Transverse(horizontal)
divides the body into superior and inferior regions
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Suzanne D'Anna 24
Oblique
an oblique plane passes at an angle between transverse and frontal planes or between transverse and sagittal planes