Suture in Surgery
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Transcript of Suture in Surgery
“SUTURE IN SURGERY”
Oleh : Andrie Febriansyah, S.Ked
Tri Rahayu Marbaniati, S.KedDesti Omega Rohyadi, S.Ked
Pembimbingdr. ASWEDI PUTRA, Sp.OT, FICS
Introduction
• Suture means to “sew” or ‘seam’. In surgery suture is the act of sewing or bringing tissue together and holding them in apposition until healing has taken place, usually suture material is an artificial fibre
• A suture is a strand of material used to ligate blood vessels and to approximate tissues together.
Goals of suturing:1- Provide an adequate tension of wound closure
without dead space but loose enough to obviate tissue ischemia and necrosis.
2- Maintain hemostasis.3- Permit primary intention healing4- Reduce postoperative pain5- Provide support for tissue margins until they have
healed and the support no longer needed6- Prevent bone exposure resulting in delayed
healing and unnecessary resorption7- Permit proper flap position
suture
• Ideal suture material· All-purpose, composed of material which could be
used in any surgical procedure (the only variables being size and tensile strength)
· Sterile · Nonelectrolytic, noncapillary, nonallergenic, and
noncarcinogenic· Nonferromagnetic, as is the case with stainless steel
sutures· Easy to handle
suture
• Ideal suture material· Minimally reactive in tissue and not
predisposed to bacterial growth· Capable of holding securely when knotted
without fraying or cutting · Resistant to shrinking in tissues · Absorbed with minimal tissue reaction after
serving its purpose· Doesn’t exist!
Classification of suture materials• According to source :1. Natural-biological origin-cause intense inflammatory
reactionex : - catgut (purified collagen
fibers from intestine of healthy sheep or cows)
- Chromic – coated “catgut”
- Silk
2. Synthetic Suture:- Synthetic polymers- Do not cause intense
inflammatory reaction Examples:– Vicryl– Monocryl– PDS– Prolene– Nylon
• According to the structure :
•Grossly appears as single strand of suture material; all fibers run parallel• Minimal tissue trauma• Resists harboring microorganisms• Ties smoothly• Requires more knots than multifilament suture• Possesses memory• Examples:– Monocryl, PDS, Prolene, Nylon
•Fibers are twisted or braided together
• Greater resistance in tissue• Provides good handling and ease of tying• Fewer knots required• Examples:– Vicryl (braided)– Chromic (twisted)– Silk (braided)
• According to fate :
1. Absorbable• Degraded and eventually eliminated in one of two ways: – Via inflammatory reaction utilizing tissue enzymes – Via hydrolysis Examples: – “Catgut” – Chromic – Vicryl – Monocryl – PDS• Internal• Intradermal/ subcuticular• Rarely on skin
2. Non-absorbable• Not degraded, permanent• Only used when long term support is required• Remove when used for skin• Tissue reaction generally low (except silk)• True non absorbable sutures include polyester,
polythylene, polypropylene and steel (*not a truly permanent material; known to be
broken down over a prolonged period of time—years)
Non-Absorbable SuturesMonofilament Polypropylene:Polyester Fiber: Mersilene®,
Dacron®, Ethibond®, Ti.cron®Monofilament Nylon: Ethilon®,
Dermalon®Braided Nylon: Nurolon®, Surgilon®SilkSurgical Stainless Steel Wire
Suture Size:
• Sized according to diameter with “0” as reference size
• Numbers alone indicate progressively larger sutures (“1”, “2”, etc)
• Numbers followed by a “0” indicate progressively smaller sutures (“2-0”, “4-0”, etc)
Smaller -------------------------------------Larger .....”3-0”...”2-0”...”1-0”...”0”...”1”...”2”...”3”.....