WEANING WORKSHOPEILEEN WAKE. UNIVERSITY OF HULL

Supportive resource for:

When do you know a baby is ready to wean?

From a developmental perspective: Physically Gross physical development Fine motor development What social aspects should you

consider when weaning an infant? Infants with ie severe cerebral palsy

What should you give babies from birth to six months?

Breast feeding is best Parents decisions re formula milk Issue of vit D deficiency for breast

feeding mothers Premature infants Donor breast milk

Why shouldn’t you wean before 6mths: the info you need as student nurses Digestive enzymes are not in sufficient quantity

till 4-6mths of age Gastric secretions less acidic than older children

and adults Smaller stomach capacity Maturity of cardiac sphincter Breast milk designed to match gut maturity In babies peristalsis is faster so food wouldn’t

stay long enough in the stomach to be digested Liver function is immature right up to 1yrs

including vitamin storage Reduce risk of developing atopic conditions

6mths onwards

What foods do you start with texture How much Nutritional aspects ie Vit D guidance http://www.dh.gov.uk/health/2012/02

/vitamin-d/ Baby led or spoon fed debate

Infant drinks

what is follow on milk?

What is the current advice about follow on milk

Why?

Why not tea or coffee? What about other

drinks? What age should you

start using a beaker rather than a bottle during the day? Why?

Why should you use a free flow beaker rather than a non spill one?

http://www.nhs.uk/news/2012/02February/Pages/spoonfeeding-baby-led-weaning-obesity.aspx

Weaning video for parents NHS choices

What are the safety issues in relation to weaning infants?

How would you know if the child had a food allergy?

Which infants are more likely to develop a food allergy

What are the most common food allergies

What about food additives? How will you know if the child is

having an allergy to a food?

Further reading

Berry NJ, Jones SC, Iverson D (2011) relax, you are soaking in it: sources of information about infant formula. Breastfeeding review. 19(1):9-18

http://www.nhs.uk/start4life/pages/babies-introducing-solid-food.aspx Dept of Health (2008) Weaning. Starting solid food. London. DoH.

http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_084164.pdf (aimed at parents)

Frewtrell M, Wilson D, Booth I, Lucas A (2011) Six months of exclusive breastfeeding: how good is the evidence? BMJ 2011; 342:c5955http://www.bmj.com/cgi/doi/10.1136/bmj.c5955

McNiel ME ; Labbok MH ; Abrahams SW (2010) What are the risks associated with formula feeding? A re-analysis and review. Breastfeeding Review .18(2): 25-32

Meyer R (2009) Infant feeding in the first year. 2: feeding practices from 6-12 months of life. Jnal of Family Health Care ; 19(2): 47-50

Ntouva, A. ; Rogers, I. ; MacAdam, A. ; Emmett, P. (2011) Weaning practices and iron status of exclusively breast fed infants. Journal of Human Nutrition & Dietetics. 24(3): 297-8

Olson BH, Horodynski MA, Brophy-Herb H, Iwanski KC (2010) Health professionals' perspectives on the infant feeding practices of low income mothers. Maternal & Child Health Jnl.  14(1): 75-85

Public Health Agency (2010) Weaning made easy, moving from milk to family meals. www.publichealth.hscni.net/sites/default/files/weaning_0.pdf – for parents

Public Health Agency (2011) PHA Statement on exclusive breastfeeding and recommendations for the introduction of solid foods at six months. http://www.publichealth.hscni.net/news/pha-statement-exclusive-breastfeeding-and-recommendations-introduction-solid-foods-six-months. accessed June 2012

Smith HA (2012) Formula supplementation and the risk of cow's milk allergy. British Jnl of Midwifery 20(5): 345-50