Supplement of - ACP · 2020. 7. 31. · 41.8% 19.2% 13.5% 25.5% 4 3 2 1 0 (P m-3) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24...

Supplement of Atmos. Chem. Phys., 16, 10283–10297, 2016http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/10283/2016/doi:10.5194/acp-16-10283-2016-supplement© Author(s) 2016. CC Attribution 3.0 License.

Supplement of

Atmospheric aerosol compositions and sources at two national backgroundsites in northern and southern ChinaQiao Zhu et al.

Correspondence to: Xiao-Feng Huang ([email protected])

The copyright of individual parts of the supplement might differ from the CC-BY 3.0 licence.

59.5%

40.5%

6

5

4

3

2

1

0

Mass

Conc.

(

g m

-3)

24201612840Hour of Day

LV-OOA SV-OOA

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0.00

14012010080604020m/z (amu)

0.16

0.12

0.08

0.04

0.00

Fra

ctio

n o

f OA

Sig

na

lSV-OOA

O/C: 0.39

H/C: 1.70

N/C: 0.02

OM/OC: 1.69

LV-OOA

O/C: 0.87

H/C: 1.40

N/C: 0.02

OM/OC: 2.31

CxHy

+ CxHyOz

+ CxHyNp

+ CxHyOzNp

+ HxO

+

3-20 3-22 3-24 3-26 3-28 3-30 4-1 4-3 4-5 4-7 4-9 4-11 4-13 4-15 4-17 4-19 4-21 4-23

2011

20

15

10

5

0SV

-OO

A (

g m

-3)

15

10

5

0LV

-OO

A (

g m

-3)

SV-OOA

LV-OOA

(a) Lake Hongze factor=2 fpeak=0

41.8%

19.2%

13.5%

25.5%

4

3

2

1

0

Ma

ss C

on

c. (

g m

-3)

24201612840

Hour of Day

Factor1 Factor2 Factor3 Factor4

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00

14012010080604020m/z (amu)

0.15

0.10

0.05

0.00

0.100.080.060.040.020.00

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0.00

Fra

ctio

n o

f O

A S

ign

al

Factor1

O/C: 0.93H/C: 1.33N/C: 0.02

OM/OC: 2.37

Factor2

O/C: 1.02H/C: 1.50N/C: 0.04

OM/OC: 2.53

Factor3

O/C: 0.41H/C: 1.67N/C: 0.03

OM/OC: 1.71

Factor4

O/C: 0.25H/C: 1.75N/C: 0.01

OM/OC: 1.49

CxHy

+ CxHyOz

+ CxHyNp

+ CxHyOzNp

+ HxO

+

12

8

4

0Fa

cto

r1 (

g m

-3)

3-20 3-22 3-24 3-26 3-28 3-30 4-1 4-3 4-5 4-7 4-9 4-11 4-13 4-15 4-17 4-19 4-21 4-23

2011

1086420F

act

or2

(

g m

-3)

12

8

4

0Fa

cto

r3 (

g m

-3)

12

8

4

0Fa

cto

r4 (

g m

-3)

Factor1

Factor2

Factor3

Factor4

(b) Lake Hongze factor=4

Figure S1 Mass spectrum profiles, time serious, average composition pie chart and

diurnal pattern of 2 factors (a) and 4 factors (b) based on PMF analysis, and

diagnostic plots of the chosen (3 factors) PMF solution (c) at NCB: (1) Q/Qexp vs

number of factors; (2) Q/Qexp vs. FPEAK for the solution with optimal number of

factors; (3) Q/Qexp vs. SEED; (4) mass fraction of PMF factors vs. FPEAK; (5) the

distribution of scaled residuals for each m/z; (6) the time series of the measured and

the reconstructed organic mass; (7) correlations of time series and mass spectra

among PMF factors.

1.043350

1.043348

1.043346

1.043344

1.043342

1.043340

Q/Q

expecte

d

250200150100500

fPeak or seed

Q for p 3

Current Solution

min Q for fpeakOrSeed

1.052

1.050

1.048

1.046

1.044

1.042

Q/Q

expecte

d

-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

fPeak or seed

Q for p 3

Current Solution


1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Mass f

rac.

-1 -0.9-0.8-0.7-0.6-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

fPeak

variance_Fpeak_Residual

variance_Fpeak_Factor1



OOA1

OOA2

HOA

Residual8

6

4

2

0

-2

-4

-6

-8

Scale

d R

esid

ual

20018016014012010080604020

Boxes are +/- 25% of points

Whiskers are +/- 5% of points

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Tota

l M

ass

3-203-223-243-263-283-304-1 4-3 4-5 4-7 4-94-114-134-154-174-194-214-23

2011

Measured Total Spec Signal

Reconst Total Spec Signal

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

R,

tseries

1.00.80.60.40.20.0

R, profiles

1_2

1_3

2_3

1.6

1.4

1.2

1.0

0.8

Q/Q

expecte

d

10987654321

Q for fPeak 0

Current Solution

min Q for p

(c) Lake Hongze factor=3 fpeak=0 diagnostic plots

26.8% 22.0%

51.2%

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0.0

Ma

ss C

on

c. (

g m

-3)

24201612840

Hour of Day

Factor1 Factor2 Factor3

0.12

0.08

0.04

0.00

14012010080604020m/z (amu)

0.08

0.06

0.04

0.02

0.00

0.250.200.150.100.050.00

Fra

ctio

n o

f O

A S

ign

al

Factor1

O/C: 0.79

H/C: 1.42

N/C: 0.04

OM/OC: 2.21

Factor2

O/C: 0.52

H/C: 1.60

N/C: 0.01

OM/OC: 1.84

Factor3

O/C: 1.37

H/C: 1.06

N/C: 0.03

OM/OC: 2.96

CxHy

+ CxHyOz

+ CxHyNp

+ CxHyOzNp

+ HxO

+

6

4

2

0Facto

r1 (

g m

-3)

3-19 3-21 3-23 3-25 3-27 3-29 3-31 4-2 4-4 4-6 4-8 4-10 4-12 4-14

2015

6

4

2

0Facto

r2 (

g m

-3)

10

8

6

4

2

0Facto

r3 (

g m

-3)

Factor1

Factor2

Factor3

(a) Mount Wuzhi factor=3

Figure S2 Mass spectrum profiles, time serious, average composition pie chart and

diurnal pattern of 3 factors (a) based on PMF analysis, and diagnostic plots of the

chosen (2 factors) PMF solution (b) at SCB: (1) Q/Qexp vs number of factors; (2)

Q/Qexp vs. FPEAK for the solution with optimal number of factors; (3) Q/Qexp vs.

SEED; (4) mass fraction of PMF factors vs. FPEAK; (5) the distribution of scaled

residuals for each m/z; (6) the time series of the measured and the reconstructed

organic mass; (7) correlations of time series and mass spectra among PMF factors.

1.7025732

1.7025730

1.7025728

1.7025726

1.7025724

1.7025722

1.7025720

Q/Q

expecte

d

250200150100500

fPeak or seed

Q for p 2

Current Solution


1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

1.5

Q/Q

expecte

d

10987654321

Q for fPeak 0

Current Solution

min Q for p

1.7045

1.7040

1.7035

1.7030

1.7025

1.7020

Q/Q

expecte

d

-1.0 -0.5 0.0 0.5 1.0

fPeak or seed

Q for p 2

Current Solution


1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Mass f

rac.

-1 -0.9-0.8-0.7-0.6-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.2-0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

fPeak

variance_Fpeak_Residual



LO-OOA

MO-OOA

Residual

10

5

0

-5

Scale

d R

esid

ual

16014012010080604020

Boxes are +/- 25% of points

Whiskers are +/- 5% of points

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

Tota

l M

ass

3-19 3-21 3-23 3-25 3-27 3-29 3-31 4-2 4-4 4-6 4-8 4-10 4-12 4-14

dat

Measured Total Spec Signal

Reconst Total Spec Signal

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

R,

tseries

1.00.80.60.40.20.0

R, profiles

1_2

(b) Mount Wuzhi factor=2 fpeak=0 diagnostic plots

Table S1 A comparison of elemental ratios between Aiken-Ambient (A-A) method

and Improved-Ambient (I-A) methods in China.

Site Site Category O:CA-A O:CI-A H:CA-A H:CI-A Reference

Beijing Urban 0.33 0.41 1.49 1.63 [Huang et al., 2010]

Shanghai Urban 0.31 0.40 1.73 1.92 [Huang et al., 2010]

Shenzhen Urban 0.30 0.39 1.63 1.83 [He et al., 2011]

Kaiping Urban Downwind 0.47 0.60 1.48 1.64 [Huang et al., 2011]

Heshan Urban Downwind 0.40 0.50 1.49 1.63 [Gong et al., 2012]

Jiaxing(summer) Urban Downwind 0.28 0.36 1.76 1.94 [Huang et al., 2013]

Jiaxing(winter) Urban Downwind 0.33 0.43 1.56 1.73 [Huang et al., 2013]

Lake Hongze Rural/Background 0.53 0.67 1.36 1.52 This study

Mount Wuzhi Rural/Background 0.75 0.98 1.17 1.31 This study

Supplement of - ACP · 2020. 7. 31. · 41.8% 19.2% 13.5% 25.5% 4 3 2 1 0 (P m-3) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24...

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