SUPO World History Assessments May09

World History and Geography Assessments

4.1.1 Crisis in the Classical World – Explain the responses to common forces of change that led to the ultimate collapse of classical empires and discuss the consequences of their collapse.

1. After the western Roman Empire fell to Germanic invaders in the 5th century A.D., the eastern part of the empire eventually became known as the

A. Byzantine Empire.B. Carthaginian Empire.C. Islamic Empire.D. Persian Empire.

Answer: A

4.1.2 World Religions – Using historical and modern maps and other documents, analyze the continuing spread of major world religions during this era and describe encounters between religious groups including

Islam and Christianity (Roman Catholic and Orthodox) – increased trade and the Crusades

Islam and Hinduism in South Asia Continuing tensions between Catholic and Orthodox Christianity

Answer: A

1. …Muslims, Christians, and Jews lived together in peace. Because several Christian and Jewish prophets, including Adam, Abraham, and Moses, are named in the Qur’an and because the Jewish Torah and Christian gospels are recognized as revelations from Allah, the Muslim rulers called Christians and Jews “people of the Book” and permitted them much religious and personal freedom. Jews, especially, enjoyed many liberties, and many Jews distinguished themselves in science, the arts, and government. Convivencia, a Spanish word meaning “living together,” helped make tenth-century al-Andalus the most civilized country in Europe… .

What is the main idea of this passage?

A. The Torah and the Bible were rejected in Muslim Spain.B. Arabs, Jews and Christians shared houses and places of worship in Muslim Spain.C. Religious tolerance in Muslim Spain encouraged the growth of a rich and diverse

culture.D. Spain was trouble by deep-rooted religious conflict.

Answer: C

World History and Geography Assessments – May 2009 1

2. What was one direct result of the Crusades?

A. Trade increased between Europe and the Middle East.B. Islamic kingdoms expanded in Europe.C. Arabs and Christians divided the city of Jerusalem between them.D. Alexander the Great became a powerful leader in Eurasia.

Answer: A

4.1.3 Trade Networks and Contacts – Analyze the development, interdependence, specialization, and importance of interregional trading systems both within and between societies including

land-based routes across the Sahara, Eurasia, and Europe water-based routes across Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, South China Sea, Red and

Mediterranean Seas

1. Based on the map, which conclusion can best be drawn about this region?

A. The Sahara Desert acted as a barrier to trade.

B. Rivers served as the primary trade routes for the entire region.

C. The economy of the region was influenced by extensive trade connections.

D. Goods from the Gulf of Guinea were exchanged directly with English cities.

Answer: C

2. Based on the information provided by this map, which body of water was most likely the center of Roman trade?

A. Red SeaB. Black Sea C. Atlantic OceanD. Mediterranean Sea

Answer: D


4.2.1 Growth of Islam and Dar al-Islam [A country, territory, land, or abode where Muslim sovereignty prevails] – Identify and explain the origins and expansion of Islam and the creation of the Islamic Empire including

The founding geographic extent of Muslim empires and the artistic, scientific, technological, and economic features of Muslim society

diverse religious traditions of Islam- Sunni, Shi’a/Shi’ite, Sufi role of Dar al-Islam as a cultural, political, and economic force in Afro-Eurasia the caliphate as both a religious and political institution, and the persistence of other

traditions in the Arab World including Christianity

1. Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?

A. Refraining from eating meat on FridaysB. Praying five times a dayC. Following the Eightfold PathD. Worshipping many gods

Answer: B

4.2.2 Unification of Eurasia under the Mongols – Using historical and modern maps, locate and describe the geographic patterns of Mongol conquest and expansion and describe the characteristics of the Pax Mongolica (particularly revival of long-distance trading networks between China and the Mediterranean world).

1. One similarity between the Mongols of Central Asia and the Incas of South America was that both societies

A. develop cash-crop farming.B. based their wealth on the slave trade.C. adapt to difficult physical environments.D. practiced monotheistic religions.

Answer: C

2. Some historians suggest that as a result of the Mongol invasions of Russia, the Russian people were

A. united with the Ottomans.B. converted to Christianity.C. freed from serfdom.D. cut off from most of Western Europe.

Answer: D


3. Which statement about the Mongol Empire is accurate?

A. The Mongols developed a highly technological society that emphasized formal education.

B. European monarchies became a model for the early Mongol governments.C. Pax Mongolia led to regional stability, increasing trade on the Silk Road.D. The Mongols adopted Roman Catholicism as the official religion of the empire.

Answer: C

4.2.3 The Plague – Using historical and modern maps and other evidence, explain the causes and spread of the Plague and analyze the demographic, economic, social, and political consequences of this pandemic.

1. What conclusion can be made based on these statements? 1340s - Mongols, merchants, and other travelers carried disease along trade routes west

of China. 1346 - The plague reached the Black Sea ports of Caffa and Tana. 1347 - Italian merchants fled plague-infected Black Sea ports. 1348 - The plague became an epidemic in most of Western Europe.

A. The plague primarily affected China.B. The interaction of people spread the plague.C. Port cities were relatively untouched by the plague.D. The plague started in Western Europe.

Answer: B

2. What conclusion about the effects of the Black Death can be drawn from this map?

A. It did not spread beyond Europe.

B. It was most severe in Europe, but was also found in North Africa and Asia.

C. It affected only crowded, urban areas.

D. It spread rapidly throughout the Russian states.

Answer: B


3. What pattern can be deduced from the information on the chart?

A. The plague spread primarily from the north to the south.

B. The plague spread primarily from the west to the east.

C. The plague spread primarily from coastal areas to inland ones.

D. The plague spread primarily from Christian countries to Muslim countries.

Answer: C

4.3.1 Africa to 1500 – Describe the diverse characteristics of early African societies and the significant changes in African society by

comparing and contrasting at least two of the major states/civilizations of East, South, and West Africa (Aksum, Swahili Coast, Zimbabwe, Ghana, Mali, Songhai) in terms of environmental, economic, religious, political, and social structures

using historical and modern maps to identify the Bantu migration patterns and describe their contributions to agriculture, technology and language

analyzing the African trading networks by examining trans-Saharan trade in gold and salt and connect these to interregional patterns of trade

analyzing the development of an organized slave trade within and beyond Africa analyzing the influence of Islam and Christianity on African culture and the

blending of traditional African beliefs with new ideas from Islam and Christianity

1. What generalization can be made on the basis of these statements? Timbuktu is known as a great center of learning and trade. Walls of Great Zimbabwe reveal a powerful and rich society. Complex culture produces brass sculptures in Benin.

A. Religious beliefs were the most important element in many African societies.B. Some African societies achieved a high level of economic and cultural development.C. North African societies were more advanced than South African societies.D. Most African societies were hundreds of years behind Asian societies in using.

technology

Answer: B

2. Which civilization best completes the heading of the partial outline below?


I. ______________________________ A. Spread of Islam B. Gold and salt trade C. Growth of Timbuktu D. Pilgrimage of Mansa Musa

A. BeninB. KushC. MaliD. Egyptian

Answer: C

3. One way in which the Silk Roads and the West African trade routes are similar is that along both routes

A. the main items exchanged were ivory and tobacco.B. concrete was used to improve the surface of the roads.C. a single currency was used to make transactions easier.D. ideas were exchanged as merchants interacted with each other.

Answer: D

4.3.2 The Americas to 1500 – Describe the diverse characteristics of early American civilizations and societies in North, Central, and South America by comparing and contrasting the major aspects (government, religion, interactions with the environment, economy, and social life) of American Indian civilizations and societies such as the Maya, Aztec, Inca, Pueblo, and/or Eastern Woodland peoples.

1. One similarity of the Aztec, Maya, and Inca empires is that they

A. developed in fertile river valleys.B. maintained democratic political systems.C. coexisted peacefully with neighboring empires.D. created complex civilizations.

Answer: D


2. Which statement about the Aztec and Incan civilizations is a fact rather than an opinion?

A. The Incas had a culture that was superior to the Aztec culture.B. Incan temples and Aztec calendars are the best examples of advanced science and

technology.C. Religion, art, and science were better in Aztec and Incan cities than they were in

European cities.D. Both the Incas and the Aztecs had large urban areas with governmental and religious

buildings.

Answer: D

3. The Aztec use of the calendar and the Maya writing system both illustrate that pre-Columbian cultures in the Americas

A. traded extensively with Africa.B. flourished prior to European contact.C. declined because of invasion and disease.D. converted others to Islam.

Answer: B

4.3.3 China to 1500 – Explain how Chinese dynasties responded to the internal and external challenges caused by ethnic diversity, physical geography, population growth and Mongol invasion to achieve relative political stability, economic prosperity, and technological innovation.

1. The ancient cultures of both the Incas and the Chinese adapted to the physical geography of their region by

A. developing terrace farming on hillsides.B. building chariots to protect their open plains against invaders.C. becoming maritime traders.D. constructing harbors to encourage exploration.

Answer: A

2. One way in which the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were similar is that both

A. governed large areas around the Mediterranean Sea.B. created democratic societies in which people elected their government officials.C. developed a social system in which great equality existed.D. promoted unity and communication by building a strong system of roads.

Answer: D


4.3.4 The Eastern European System and the Byzantine Empire to 1500 – Analyze restructuring of the Eastern European system including

the rise and decline of the Byzantine Empire the region’s unique spatial location the region’s political, economic, and religious transformations emerging tensions between East and West

1. Which title best completes the partial outline?

A. Age of DiscoveryB. Byzantium EmpireC. Persian EmpireD. Crusades

Answer: B

2. …For many in the contemporary Arab world, the Crusades are viewed as having begun nearly a millennium of conflict with what would become the West. The Crusades are seen as representing the constant threat of Western encroachment [trespassing]. But many scholars say that is a more recent and inaccurate view of the Crusades… .

- Mike Shuster, reporter, NPR

The Medieval Crusades were taken and then turned into something that they never really were in the first place. They were turned into a kind of a proto-imperialism, an attempt to bring the fruits of European civilization to the Middle East, when, in fact, during the Middle Ages the great sophisticated and wealthy power was the Muslim world. Europe was the Third World. . . .

- Thomas Madden, St. Louis University, History of relations between the West and Middle East, NPR, All Things Considered, August 17, 2004

These statements indicate that the history of the Crusades

A. has been neglected by experts.B. was of little importance.C. is the subject of debate and interpretation.D. illustrates the importance of tolerance and understanding.

Answer: C


I._______________________

A. Incorporation of European and Arabic ideas in architecture

B. Preservation of Greco-Roman ideasC. Spread of Orthodox Christianity into

RussiaD. Development of Justinian Code

4.3.5 Western Europe to 1500 – Explain the workings of feudalism, manoralism, and the growth of centralized monarchies and city-states in Europe including

the role and political impact of the Roman Catholic Church in European medieval society

how agricultural innovation and increasing trade led to the growth of towns and cities

the role of the Crusades, 100 Years War, and the Bubonic Plague in the early development of centralized nation-states

the cultural and social impact of the Renaissance on Western and Northern Europe

1. The introduction of gunpowder helped bring an end to feudalism.The printing press played an important role in causing the Reformation.

The statements above best reflect the idea that

A. environmental changes can affect human society.B. contact with other societies can lead to conflict and war.C. economic change can be slow and almost unnoticed.D. technological advances can lead to major change.

Answer: D

2. Which economic concept can be inferred from this diagram?

A. Self-sufficiencyB. InflationC. Trade embargoD. Competition

Answer: A


3. “The Peace of God declared that feudal warfare could not take place on church property, and it promised sanctuary in churches and abbeys to fugitives from combat. The Truce of God forbade fighting from Wednesday evening until Monday morning, on holidays, and during the religious seasons of Christmas and Lent…” - Medieval and Early Modern Times

This selection tells us that

A. the church had considerable political power during this time.B. war was limited to religious holidays.C. religion was dictated by feudal law.D. landlords determined when warfare took place.

Answer: A

5.1.1 Emerging Global System – Analyze the impact of increased oceanic travel including changes in the global system of trade, migration, and political power as compared to the previous era.

1. The Age of Exploration led directly to the

A. establishment of European colonies.B. start of the Puritan Revolution.C. invention of the magnetic compass.D. failure of the Congress of Vienna.

Answer: A

2. Venice in Europe, Mogadishu in Africa, and Canton in China emerged during the 13th century primarily as important centers of

A. agriculture.B. trade.C. manufacturing.D. mining.

Answer: B


5.1.2 World Religions – Use historical and modern maps to analyze major territorial transformations and movements of world religions including the expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain, Christianity to the Americas, and Islam to Southeast Asia, and evaluate the impact of these transformations/movements on the respective human systems.

1. One similarity between Japanese Shintoism and African animism is the belief that

A. everything in nature has a spirit and should be respected.B. only one God exists in the universe.C. people’s moral conduct determines their afterlife.D. religious statues should be erected to honor the gods.

Answer: A

2. Buddhism is introduced into Japan around A.D. 1200.Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain by A.D. 732.Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring Christianity to Africa in the 1800s.

Each of the statements above reflects the concept of

A. cultural diffusion.B. urbanization.C. civil disobedience.D. isolationism.

Answer: A

5.2.1 European Exploration/Conquest and Columbian Exchange – Analyze the demographic, environmental, and political consequences of European oceanic travel and conquest and of the Columbian Exchange in the late 15th and 16th centuries by

describing the geographic routes used in the exchange of plants, animals, and pathogens among the continents in the late 15th and the 16th centuries

explaining how forced and free migrations of peoples (push/pull factors) and the exchange of plants, animals, and pathogens impacted the natural environments, political institutions, societies, and commerce of European, Asian, African, and the American societies

1. What was a significant effect of the Columbian exchange?

A. The Aztec conquered a vast empire.B. Potatoes were introduced into the diet of some Europeans.C. Prince Henry the Navigator established a school for sailors.D. China closed its borders to foreigners.

Answer: B


2. “They [Zheng He and his men] were directed to ... open trade contacts.... The densely populated regions of southern China were experiencing repeated epidemics ... and the herbs believed to be effective in controlling them had become impossible to obtain because of the earlier ban on foreign trade.”

The issue under discussion in this passage is

A. urbanization. B. interdependence. C. revolution.D. immigration.

Answer: B

3. Maize and potatoes were grown in Europe.Millions of Africans suffered during the Middle Passage.Smallpox had devastating effects on indigenous peoples.Spanish language is used in much of Latin America.

Which global interaction is illustrated by these statements?

A. Silk Road tradeB. CrusadesC. Columbian ExchangeD. Scramble for Africa

Answer: C

5.2.2 Trans-African and Trans-Atlantic Slave Systems – Analyze the emerging trans-Atlantic slave system and compare it to other systems of labor existing during this era by

using historical and modern maps and other data to analyze the causes and development of the Atlantic trade system, including economic exchanges, the diffusion of Africans in the Americas (including the Caribbean and South America), and the Middle Passage

comparing and contrasting the trans-Atlantic slave system with the African slave system and another system of labor existing during this era (e.g., serfdom, indentured servitude, corvee labor, wage labor)

1. What was a direct result of the Trans-Atlantic slave trade on African cultures?

A. Many African communities faced economic disaster.B. European industrial factories were established throughout Africa.C. Animism was no longer practiced in Africa.D. Africans across the continent hired Europeans to train their military.

Answer: A


2. The success of the triangular trade system depended on increasing

A. political independence of the Caribbean nations.B. emphasis on free trade of European nations.C. slave trade in the Western hemisphere.D. industrialization of South American colonies.

Answer: C

5.3.1 Ottoman Empire through the 18th Century – Analyze the major political, religious, economic, and cultural transformations in the Ottoman Empire by

using historical and modern maps to describe the empire’s origins (Turkic migrations), geographic expansion, and contraction

analyzing the impact of the Ottoman rule

1. “It would be wrong to call the Ottoman Empire a purely Islamic state. It was not. It was a state that claimed some kind of an attachment, some kind of allegiance to Islam, but combined it with other forms of heritage from the Byzantine tradition or from the Turkic tradition that did not really correspond to Islam. So they always had this very, very pragmatic approach to Islam.” - Professor Edhem Eldem,

This author is suggesting that during the Ottoman Empire

A. religion was mingled with historic traditions.B. most people belonged to minority religions.C. rulers tried to separate politics from religion.D. rulers operated under a strict set of laws.

Answer: A

2. What is a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire to global history?

A. Preservation of Greek and Roman cultureB. Construction of the pyramidsC. Expansion of equal rightsD. Invention of writing

Answer: A


5.3.2 East Asia through the 18th Century – Analyze the major political, religious, economic, and cultural transformations in East Asia by

analyzing the major reasons for the continuity of Chinese society under the Ming and Qing dynasties, including the role of Confucianism, the civil service, and Chinese oceanic exploration

analyzing the changes in Japanese society by describing the role of geography in the development of Japan, the policies of the Tokugawa Shogunate, and the influence of China on Japanese society

1. Which statement about government during the Tokugawa period in Japan is most accurate?

A. The power of the emperor was absolute and supreme.B. The real power was held by foreign countries.C. Actual power was held by the shogun.D. Political power was in the hands of the merchant class.

Answer: C

5.3.3 South Asia/India through the 18th Century – Analyze the global economic significance of India and the role of foreign influence in the political, religious, cultural, and economic transformations in India and South Asia including the Mughal Empire and the beginnings of European contact.

1. Unlike Louis XIV of France, Akbar, the Mughal ruler of India, strengthened his control of his state by

A. banning Islamic practices.B. openly converting to the state religion.C. promoting religious tolerance.D. persecuting Jesuit missionaries.

Answer: C


5.3.4 Russia through the 18th Century – Analyze the major political, religious, economic, and cultural transformations in Russia including

Russian imperial expansion and top-down westernization/modernization the impact of its unique location relative to Europe and Asia the political and cultural influence (e.g., written language) of Byzantine Empire,

Mongol Empire, and Orthodox Christianity

1. Which Russian ruler’s goals are described in the poem?

“. . . Here a new city shall be wrought [built]. . . .Shall break a window to the West. . .Here flags of foreign nations allBy waters new to them will call. . . .”

— Alexander Pushkin, The Bronze Horseman

A. Ivan the TerribleB. Peter the GreatC. Catherine the GreatD. Nicholas II

Answer: B

5.3.5 Europe through the 18th Century – Analyze the major political, religious, cultural and economic transformations in Europe by

explaining the origins, growth, and consequences of European overseas expansion, including the development and impact of maritime power in Asia and land control in the Americas

analyzing transformations in Europe’s state structure, including the rising military, bureaucratic, and nationalist power of European states including absolutism

analyzing how the Renaissance, Reformation, Scientific Revolution, and the Enlightenment contributed to transformations in European society

analyzing the transformation of the European economies including mercantilism, capitalism, and wage labor

1. In the mid-1700s, how did trade contribute to the early growth of an industrial economy in Great Britain?

A. It allowed the British to educate their workforce.B. It provided funds to pay high wages to the new labor class.C. It enabled British merchants to hire skilled foreign laborers.D. It gave British entrepreneurs the capital needed to open new factories.

Answer: D

2. Louis XIV and Peter the Great would most likely agree with the expression


A. “Government should leave businesses alone.”B. “Countries should settle differences without war.”C. “Do not question government authority.”D. “All men are created with natural rights.”

Answer: C

3. Which situation is considered a cause of the other three?

A. Religious unity declines throughout Europe.B. The Catholic Counter-Reformation begins.C. The power of the Roman Catholic Church decreases.D. Martin Luther posts the Ninety-five Theses.

Answer: D

5.3.6 Latin America through the 18th Century – Analyze colonial transformations in Latin America, including

the near-elimination of American Indian civilizations and peoples social stratifications of the population (e.g., peninsulares, creoles, mestizos) the regional and global role of silver and sugar resource extraction and the emerging system of labor (e.g., mita, slavery)

1. Which outcome was a direct result of the social structure established during European colonization of Latin America?

A. Inequalities of income and power.B. Communist governments were formed in most countries.C. A small but powerful middle class owned the land and businesses.D. Family structure of native peoples was destroyed.

Answer: A

2. The encomienda system in colonial Latin America led to the

A. use of forced labor.B. establishment of trade unions.C. increase in landownership by Native Americans.D. weakening of the power of peninsulares.

Answer: A


3. Smallpox outbreak spreads throughout Mexico.Many Incas convert to Christianity in ceremonies in Lima, Peru.Spanish and Portuguese are introduced to chocolate, peanuts, tomatoes, and corn.Cortés brings Aztec gold and silver treasures to Spain.

Which situation is illustrated in these statements?

A. Empathy of Europeans for Native American Indian civilizations.B. Triangular trade and its effects on agrarian economies.C. The relatively high costs of colonialism.D. The impact of contact between different peoples.

Answer: D

6.1.1 Global Revolutions – Analyze the causes and global consequences of major political and industrial revolutions focusing on changes in relative political and military power, economic production, and commerce.

1. One similarity in the leadership of Jomo Kenyatta, José de San Martín, and Sun Yixian (Sun Yat-sen) is that they

A. supported nationalistic movements.B. organized communist rebellions.C. opposed trade with other nations.D. established democratic rule in their countries.

Answer: A

2. The Enlightenment and the American Revolution were both major influences on 19th-century uprisings in

A. Latin America.B. the Middle East.C. Vietnam.D. Japan.

Answer: A

3. The principles of the American Revolution and the French Revolution are similar in many ways. Which of the following best summarizes their similarities?

A. Both favored representative governments.B. Both limited voting rights to an economic elite.C. Both retained certain hereditary rights for aristocrats.D. Both supported equal rights for women.

Answer: A


6.1.2 World-wide Migrations and Population Changes – Analyze the causes and consequences of shifts in world population and major patterns of long-distance migrations of Europeans, Africans, and Asians during this era, including the impact of industrialism, imperialism, changing diets, and scientific advances on worldwide demographic trends.

1. Which of these events was most responsible for the increase in urban population in 19th-century European cities?

A. Farm workers moving to the cities.B. Peasants moving westward from Russia.C. Peasants moving north from Mediterranean countries.D. Colonial subjects moving into Europe.

Answer: A

2. Base your answer to the following question on the 19th century song lyrics below and on your knowledge of social studies.

What has poor Ireland done, mother,-What has poor Ireland done,That the world looks on, and sees us starve, Perishing one by one?Do the men of England care not, mother, -The great men and the high, -For the suffering sons of Erin’s isle,Whether they live or die

-A.M. Edmond,“Give Me Three Grains of Corn, Mother”

Which event is most closely associated with the conditions described in these lyrics?

A. Civil warB. FamineC. Glorious RevolutionD. Independence from Great Britain

Answer: B


6.1.3 Increasing Global Interconnections – Describe increasing global interconnections between societies, through the emergence and spread of ideas, innovations, and commodities including

constitutionalism, communism and socialism, republicanism, nationalism, capitalism, human rights, and secularization

the global spread of major innovations, technologies, and commodities via new global networks

1. In The Communists Manifesto, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels expressed the idea that

A. religion should be the most important factor in society.B. power should be determined by a person’s wealth.C. profits from work should belong to the workers.D. supply and demand should control prices.

Answer: C

2. One way in which Emperor Meiji and Ataturk are similar is that they both promoted

A. isolation and nationalism.B. capitalism and democracy.C. revolution and absolutism.D. reform and modernization.

Answer: D

6.1.4 Changes in Economic and Political Systems – Compare the emerging economic and political systems (industrialism and democracy) with the economic and political systems of the previous era (agriculture and absolutism).

1. Which heading best completes the partial outline below?

I. ____________________A. Writings of Thomas HobbesB. Divine right theoryC. Centralization of political powerD. Reign of Louis XIV

A. Beginning of Global TradeB. Growth of Democracy in EuropeC. Rise of AbsolutismD. Age of Exploration

Answer: C


2. By the 1700s, in which nation were conditions best suited for the Industrial Revolution?

A. FranceB. GermanyC. SpainD. England

Answer: D

6.1.5 Interpreting Europe’s Increasing Global Power – Describe Europe’s increasing global power between 1500 and 1900, and evaluate the merits of the argument that this rise was caused by factors internal to Europe (e.g., Renaissance, Reformation, demographic, economic, and social changes) or factors external to Europe (e.g., decline of Mughal and Ottoman empires and the decreasing engagement of China and Japan in global interactions).

1. Which statement best expresses an idea held by many Renaissance humanist philosophers?

A. People should study worldly subjects as well as sacred matters.B. Governments should establish overseas empires.C. Individuals should withdraw from the world and study religion.D. Scholars should dedicate themselves to the study of life after death.

Answer: A

2. The White Man’s Burden

Take up the White Man’s burden–Send forth the best ye breed–Go bind your sons to exileTo serve your captives’ need;To wait, in heavy harnessOn fluttered folk and wild–Your new-caught, sullen peoples,Half-devil and half-child.-Rudyard Kipling, 1899

The message of this poem was used by many Europeans to justify

A. industrialism.B. imperialism.C. feudalism.D. fascism.

Answer: B


6.2.1 Political Revolutions – Analyze the Age of Revolutions by comparing and contrasting the political, economic, and social causes and consequences of at least three political and/or nationalistic revolutions (American, French, Haitian, Mexican or other Latin American, or Chinese Revolutions)

1. The principles of the American Revolution and the French Revolution are similar in many ways. Which of the following best summarizes their similarities?

A. Both favored representative governments.B. Both limited voting rights to an economic elite.C. Both retained certain hereditary rights for aristocrats.D. Both supported equal rights for women.

Answer: A

2. The American Revolution influenced independence movements in South America by

A. offering military aid to support revolts.B. providing an example of a successful colonial rebellion.C. blockading Spanish military and trade ships.D. undermining English military and economic power.

Answer: B

3. “Americans today, and perhaps to a greater extent than ever before, who live within the Spanish system, occupy a position in society no better than that of serfs destined for labor, or at best they have no more status than that of mere consumers. . . .”

This quotation, written in September 1815, represents the views of

A. Martin Luther.B. Catherine the Great.C. Simon Bolivar.D. Adam Smith.

Answer: C


6.2.2 Growth of Nationalism and Nation-states – Compare and contrast the rise of the nation-states in a western context (e.g., Germany, Italy) and non-western context (e.g., Meiji Japan).

1. The unification of Germany (1870–71) and the breakup of Yugoslavia after 1991 both illustrate the influence of

A. imperialism. B. industrialization.C. westernization.D. nationalism.

Answer: D

2. Which heading best completes the partial outline below?

I. _________________________________ A. Unification of Italy B. Formation of the Indian National Congress C. Founding of the Muslim League D. Breakup of Austria-Hungary

A. Tensions of the Cold WarB. Effects of NationalismC. Causes of World War IID. Results of Economic Revolutions

Answer: B

3. One way in which Emperor Meiji and Atatürk are similar is that they both promoted

A. isolation and nationalism.B. capitalism and democracy.C. revolution and absolutism.D. reform and modernization.

Answer: D


6.2.3 Industrialization – Analyze the origins, characteristics and consequences of industrialization across the world by

comparing and contrasting the process and impact of industrialization in Russia, Japan, and one of the following: Britain, Germany, United States, or France

describing the social and economic impacts of industrialization, particularly its effect on women and children, and the rise of organized labor movements

describing the environmental impacts of industrialization and urbanization

1. Urbanization in developing nations today is similar to urbanization in 19th century England because in both cases

A. many people moved to rural areas.B. governments developed policies of forced migration.C. ties to extended families increased.D. many farm workers went to cities to look for jobs.

Answer: D

2. The primary reason France and Japan were interested in controlling parts of Indochina in the 20th century was to

A. dominate the Indian Ocean.B. obtain valuable natural resources.C. stop the spread of communism.D. prevent Spanish colonization.

Answer: B

3. “In the Manufacture of Woollens, the Scribbling Mill, the Spinning Frame, and the Fly Shuttle, have reduced manual Labour nearly One third, and each of them at its – first Introduction carried an Alarm to the Work People, yet each has contributed to advance the Wages and to increase the Trade, so that if an Attempt was now made to deprive us of the Use of them, there is no Doubt, but every Person engaged in the Business, would exert himself to defend them. . . .” - Letter from Leeds Cloth Merchants, 1791

These quotations reveal different viewpoints associated with

A. the development of nationalism.B. the Bolshevik Revolution.C. Social Darwinism.D. the Industrial Revolution.

Answer: D


6.2.4 Imperialism – Analyze the political, economic, and social causes and consequences of imperialism by

using historical and modern maps and other evidence to analyze and explain the causes and global consequences of nineteenth-century imperialism, including encounters between imperial powers (Europe, Japan) and local peoples in India, Africa, Central Asia, and East Asia

describing the connection between imperialism and racism, including the social construction of race

comparing British policies in South Africa and India, French polices in Indochina, and Japanese policies in Asia

analyze the responses to imperialism by African and Asian peoples Note: Teachers might also include the expansion of the United States in studying Imperialism

1. One way in which the Sepoy Rebellion in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that both attempted to

A. remove foreign influences.B. restore democracy.C. modernize their economy.D. end religious conflict.

Answer: A

2. The annexation of Korea and Japan’s invasion of Manchuria were attempts by Japan to

A. spread Shinto beliefs.B. protect human rights.C. acquire natural resources.D. establish theocratic governments.

Answer: C

3. A common goal of the Salt March in India, the Boxer Rebellion in China, and the Zulu resistance in southern Africa was to

A. overthrow totalitarian leaders.B. force upper classes to carry out land reform programs.C. remove foreign powers.D. establish Communist parties to lead the governments.

Answer: C


6.3.1 Europe – Analyze the economic, political, and social transformations in Europe by analyzing and explaining the impact of economic development on European society explaining how democratic ideas and revolutionary conflicts influenced European

society, noting particularly their influence on religious institutions, education, family life, and the legal and political position of women

using historical and modern maps to describe how the wars of the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic periods and growing nationalism changed the political geography of Europe and other regions (e.g., Louisiana Purchase)

1. How did the French Revolution affect the Latin American independence movements?

A. It encouraged the British to meet the demands of the people.B. It promoted regional cooperation to solve economic problems.C. It provided ideas for making political changes.D. It was a model for peaceful solutions to political conflicts.

Answer: C

2. Which development caused the other three?

A. Introduction of the factory system B. Increased urbanization C. Increased productivity of industrial workersD. Unsafe working conditions

Answer: A

6.3.2 East Asia – Analyze the political, economic, and social transformations in East Asia by explaining key events in the modernization of Japan (Meiji Restoration) and the

impact of the Russo-Japanese War describing key events in the decline of Qing China, including the Opium Wars and

the Taiping and Boxer Rebellions

1. The Opium Wars of the mid-19th century marked the beginning of the

A. rivalry between China and Taiwan.B. domination of China by foreign powers.C. decline of European influence in East Asia.D. global effort to combat drug use.

Answer: B


2. Which action taken by the Meiji government encouraged industrialization in 19th century Japan?

A. Building a modern transportation systemB. Limiting the number of ports open to foreign tradeC. Forcing families to settle on collective farmsD. Establishing a system of trade guilds

Answer: A

6.3.3 Africa – Evaluate the different experiences of African societies north and south of the Sahara with imperialism (e.g., Egypt, Ethiopia and the Congo).

1. One of the most important motives for the European “Scramble for Africa” in the late 1800s was that Africa provided a source of

A. raw materials used in industry.B. religious inspiration.C. free labor for the Americas.D. technologically innovative practices.

Answer: A

7.1.1 Increasing Government and Political Power – Explain the expanding role of state power in managing economies, transportation systems, and technologies, and other social environments, including its impact of the daily lives of their citizens. (See 7.3.2)

7.1.2 Comparative Global Power – Use historical and modern maps and other sources to analyze and explain the changes in the global balance of military, political, and economic power between 1900 and 1945 (including the changing role of the United States and those resisting foreign domination).

1. What conclusion can be drawn from the information on this graph?

A. Japan stopped its territorial expansion before 1910.B. By 1905, Japan had acquired less than 400,000 square miles

of additional territory.C. Japanese territorial expansion increased most rapidly between

1900 and 1905.D. Most of Japan’s territory was acquired between 1895 and

1900.

Answer: C


2. One reason the Japanese followed a policy of expansionism before World War II was to gain

A. warm-water ports.B. control of Tibet.C. additional natural resources.D. control of the Suez Canal.

Answer: C

3. “Mussolini Attacks Ethiopia” (1935)“Germany Takes the Rhineland Back” (1936)“Germany and Russia Divide Poland”(1939)

These headlines might be used to illustrate the weakness of the

A. United Nations.B. Warsaw Pact.C. Congress of Vienna.D. League of Nations.

Answer: D

7.1.3 Twentieth Century Genocide – Use various sources including works of journalists, journals, oral histories, films, interviews, and writings of participants to analyze the causes and consequences of the genocides of Armenians, Romas (Gypsies), and Jews, and the mass exterminations of Ukrainians and Chinese.

1. What is the main idea of this 1995 cartoon?

A. The United Nations supported the Serbians in Kosovo.

B. The United Nations was ineffective in it attempt to end genocide in Kosovo.

C. Killing in Kosovo stopped because of United Nations reprimands.

D. The Serbians lost the battle for Kosovo.

Answer: B


2. Which action illustrates the concept of genocide?

A. The British negotiating peace with Adolf Hitler during the 1938 Munich Conference.B. Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin signing a nonaggression pact in 1939.C. The Nazi armies eliminating the Jews and other groups as part of Adolf Hitler’s Final

Solution.D. German generals plotting against Adolf Hitler.

Answer: C

3. The treatment of the Armenians by Ottoman Turks in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and the treatment of Muslims by the Serbs of Yugoslavia in the 1990s are both examples of

A. coalition rule.B. liberation theology.C. universal suffrage.D. human rights violations.

Answer: D

7.1.4 Global Technology – Describe significant technological innovations and scientific breakthroughs in transportation, communication, medicine, and warfare and analyze how they both benefited and imperiled humanity.

1. The technology developed during World War I resulted in

A. smaller nations becoming part of larger empires after the war.B. a smaller number of refugees during the war.C. increased military casualties in battles fought during the war.D. a slowdown in transportation improvements after the war.

Answer: C

2. “. . . We cannot and must not allow ourselves to have the message of Hiroshima and Nagasaki fade completely from our minds, and we cannot allow our vision or ideals to fade, either. For if we do, we have but one course left for us. And that flash of light will not only rob us of our vision, but it will rob us of our lives, our progeny [descendants], and our very existence.” - Tadatoshi Akiba, Mayor of Hiroshima

With which issue is Mayor Akiba most concerned?

A. Depletion of the ozone layerB. Treatment of infectious diseasesC. Nuclear proliferationD. International terrorism

Answer: C


3. What is the main idea of this cartoon?

A. Proliferation of military weapons could destroy the world.

B. The world’s population is growing faster than its food supply.

C. The land masses of the Northern and Southern hemispheres are shifting

D. Military technology is making the world a smaller place

Answer: A

7.1.5 Total War – Compare and contrast modern warfare and its resolution with warfare in the previous eras; include analysis of the role of technology and civilians.

1. “Some recent work by E. Fermi and L. Szilard, which has been communicated to me in manuscript, leads me to expect that the element uranium may be turned into a new and important source of energy in the immediate future.”

- Albert Einstein, letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, August 2, 1939

The development referred to in Einstein’s letter led directly to

A. a government program to develop the atomic bomb.B. the first funding of scientific research by the federal government.C. the delivery of inexpensive electricity to U.S. consumers.D. the creation of a new cabinet department.

Answer: A


7.2.1 World War I – Analyze the causes, characteristics, and long-term consequences of World War I by

analyzing the causes of the war including nationalism, industrialization, disputes over territory, systems of alliances, imperialism, and militarism

analyzing the distinctive characteristics and impacts of the war on the soldiers and people at home

explaining the major decisions made in the Versailles Treaty and analyzing its spatial and political consequences, including the mandate system, reparations, and national self-determination around the globe

1. According to some historians, Europe’s system of alliances prior to 1914 increased the likelihood that

A. democratic ideals would spread throughout the continent.B. nations would be protected from economic exploitation.C. colonization of undeveloped nations would cease.D. small disputes would develop into large-scale wars.

Answer: D

2. Why did most of the combat on the Western Front in World War I take place in a relatively small area?

A. There is only small amount of flat land in all of Europe.B. The armies became immobile because of trench warfare.C. Each side cut off the fuel supply of the other.D. Germany’s military tactics were based on “static warfare.”

Answer: B

3. A major goal of France and Great Britain at the Conference of Versailles following World War I was to

A. create a politically unified Europe.B. keep Germany from rebuilding its military forces.C. restore pre-war imperial governments to power.D. help Germany rebuild its industrial economy.

Answer: B


4. The cartoonist is referring to the way Germany was affected in 1919 by

A. the congress of Vienna.B. its defeat of Napoleon.C. the Treaty of Versailles.D. it defeat in World War II.

Answer: C

7.2.2 Inter-war Period – Analyze the transformations that shaped world societies between World War I and World War II by

examining the causes and consequences of the economic depression on different regions, nations, and the globe

describing and explaining the rise of fascism and the spread of communism in Europe and Asia

comparing and contrasting the rise of nationalism in China, Turkey, and India

1. One way Fascist leaders in the 1920s and 1930s gained popular support was by

A. promising to maintain peace with other countries.B. attracting foreign investment for industrial development.C. limiting military influence in the government.D. appealing to national pride.

Answer: D

2. Which statement about the worldwide Depression of the 1930s is a fact rather than an opinion?

A. Political leaders should have prevented the Depression.B. Germany was hurt more by the Treaty of Versailles than by the Depression.C. The economic upheaval of the Depression had major political effects.D. World War I was the only reason for the Depression.

Answer: C


“This will make you forget the peace terms”

3. Based on the maps, what was one outcome of the redrawing of European borders following World War I?

A. Germany and Russia continued to share a border.B. Austria and Hungary became separate nations.C. The northern part of the Ottoman Empire became Czechoslovakia.D. The Netherlands gained coastal trading territory.

Answer: B

7.2.3 World War II – Analyze the causes, course, characteristics, and immediate consequences of World War II by

explaining the causes of World War II, including aggression and conflict appeasement that led to war in Europe and Asia (e.g., Versailles Treaty provisions, Italian invasion of Ethiopia, Spanish Civil War, rape of Nanjing, annexation of Austria & Sudetenland)

explaining the Nazi ideology, policies, and consequences of the Holocaust (or Shoah) analyzing the major turning points and unique characteristics of the war explaining the spatial and political impact of the Allied negotiations on the nations

of Eastern Europe and the world analyzing the immediate consequences of the war’s end including the devastation,

effects on population, dawn of the atomic age, the occupation of Germany and Japan

describing the emergence of the United States and the Soviet Union as global superpowers

1. One immediate result of World War II was that

A. Germany and Japan maintained regional power.B. the Socialists controlled Western Europe.C. the Soviet Union became a superpower. _D. England and France increased their overseas holdings.

Answer: C


2. Why did Hitler sign a non-aggression treaty with Stalin on the eve of World War II?

A. To prevent the League of Nations from acting to stop the warB. To show that Hitler had changed his views on communismC. To allow Germany to invade Poland without Soviet oppositionD. To ensure that Germany had direct access to the Baltic Sea

Answer: C

3. The economic recovery of Japan following World War II focused primarily on

A. rebuilding its military and weapons capabilities.B. exporting raw materials in exchange for consumer goods.C. developing an agricultural economy and marine resources.D. developing industry and export economy.

Answer: D

4. “But this trial has shown that under the stress of a national crisis, ordinary men—even able and extraordinary men—can delude [fool] themselves into the commission of crimes and atrocities so vast and heinous [terrible] that they beggar [shock] the imagination.”

- Judgment at NurembergThis quotation is referring to the

A. dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima.B. actions taken against Jews and others in the Holocaust.C. Allied bombing of German cities during World War II.D. German invasion of Poland.

Answer: B

5. The significance of the Allied invasion of Normandy on June 6, 1944, was that it

A. caused the Soviet Union to join the war against Germany.B. liberated Paris from German control.C. opened a second major front in the war in Europe.D. forced Germany to surrender immediately to Allied forces.

Answer: B

6. One major purpose of the Yalta Conference in 1945 was to decide

A. when to open the second front against Germany.B. where to launch the final invasion of Japan.C. how to restructure Europe after the war.D. which countries to include in the United Nations.

Answer: B


7.2.4 Revolutionary and/or Independence Movements – Compare two revolutionary and/orIndependence movements of this era (Latin America, India, China, the Arab World, and Africa) with at least one from the previous era.

1. One way in which the English Magna Carta (1215), the French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen (1789), and the Japanese Constitution (1947) are similar is that all these documents

A. limited the power of the monarch.B. provided for universal suffrage.C. created a theocracy.D. equalized taxes.

Answer: A

2. Unification of German States (1865-1871)Establishment of Indian National Congress Party (1885)Chinese Revolution (1911)Mexico’s seizure of foreign-owned industries (1930’s)

These events illustrate the desire of various nations to

A. control people of other cultures. B. economically isolate a country. C. strengthen national pride and self-rule.D. industrialize an agricultural country.

Answer: C

7.3.1 Russian Revolution – Determine the causes and results of the Russian Revolution from the rise of Bolsheviks through the conclusion of World War II, including the five-year plans, collectivization of agriculture, and military purges.

1. Vladimir Lenin’s New Economic Policy differed from Joseph Stalin’s Five-Year Plan because New Economic Policy

A. allowed some privately-owned businesses.B. increased regulation of production.C. eliminated collective farming.D. imposed production mandates.

Answer: A


2. One of the major causes of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the

A. abuse of political power by Czar Nicholas II.B. government’s refusal to enter World War I.C. rapid expansion of the right to vote.D. failure of communism.

Answer: A

3. Which practice was similar under the rule of the Bolsheviks in Russia and of the Nazi Party in Germany?

A. Establishing communism in their respective nationsB. Permitting a series of multiparty electionsC. Increasing the power of the middle classD. Limiting government opposition through intimidation and fear

Answer: D

7.3.2 Europe and Rise of Fascism and Totalitarian States – Compare the ideologies, policies, and governing methods of at least two 20th-century dictatorial regimes (Germany, Italy, Spain, and the Soviet Union) with those absolutist states in earlier eras.

1. A study of the fall of the Roman Empire (476) and of the collapse of the Soviet Union (1991) shows that powerful empires can

A. lose strength when mercenaries enforce reforms.B. be threatened only when directly attacked by outsiders.C. conquer more than one continent and remain stable.D. be weakened by both internal and external pressures.

Answer: D

2. Which factor most hindered the efforts of both Napoleon and Hitler to conquer Russia?

A. ClimateB. FortificationC. Advanced technologyD. Lack of ports

Answer: A


3. During the 1930’s and 1940’s, Nazis in Germany and Fascists in Italy promoted policies that emphasized

A. national and racial supremacy.B. worldwide Communist revolutions.C. international peacekeeping efforts.D. economic cooperation in Europe.

Answer: A

7.3.3 Asia – Analyze the political, economic, and social transformations that occurred in this era, including

Japanese imperialism Chinese nationalism, the emergence of communism, and civil war Indian independence struggle

1. Between 1945 and 1947, the differences between the Hindus and the Muslims in India led to the

A. Sepoy Mutiny.B. Salt March.C. policy of nonalignment.D. partitioning of the subcontinent.

Answer: D

2. (1) Internally, arouse the masses of the people. That is, unite the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie, form a domestic united front under the leadership of the working class, and advance from this to the establishment of a state which is a people’s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants.(2) Externally, unite in a common struggle with those nations of the world which treat us as equals and unite with the peoples of all countries. That is, ally ourselves with the Soviet Union, with the People’s Democracies and with the proletariat and the broad masses of the people in all other countries, and form an international united front. . . .

Source: Mao Tse-Tung [Mao Zedong], Selected Works, Volume Five, 1945-1949, New York International Publishers

In this passage, Mao Zedong is using the ideas of

A. Thomas MalthusB. Adam SmithC. Karl MarxD. Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek)

Answer: C


3. (1) Internally, arouse the masses of the people. That is, unite the working class, the peasantry, the urban petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie, form a domestic united front under the leadership of the working class, and advance from this to the establishment of a state which is a people’s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants.(2) Externally, unite in a common struggle with those nations of the world which treat us as equals and unite with the peoples of all countries. That is, ally ourselves with the Soviet Union, with the People’s Democracies and with the proletariat and the broad masses of the people in all other countries, and form an international united front. . . .

Source: Mao Tse-Tung [Mao Zedong], Selected Works, Volume Five, 1945-1949, New York International Publishers

In this passage, Mao Zedong is suggesting that China

A. create a government under the leadership of industrialists.B. give up its independence and become a part of the Soviet Union.C. rely on the United Nations for economic aid.D. join with the Soviet Union as a partner in communism.

Answer: D

7.3.4 The Americas – Analyze the political, economic and social transformations that occurred in this era, including

economic imperialism (e.g., dollar diplomacy) foreign military intervention and political revolutions in Central and South America nationalization of foreign investments

1. “Beginning in 1929, the value of Chile’s exports fell by 80%, and the value of exports from other Latin American countries fell by at least 50%.”

This change in the economy of Latin America was the result of

A. crop failures and other natural disasters.B. revolutions and class conflict.C. labor unrest in factories and mines.D. the worldwide economic depression.

Answer: D


2. The development of the Marshall Plan and the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were part of President Harry Truman’s effort to

A. end the Korean War.B. limit the spread of communism.C. provide aid to Asian nations.D. promote an isolationist foreign policy.

Answer: B

3. “. . . we shall fight for the things which have always been nearest our hearts, — for democracy, for the right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their own governments, for the rights and liberties of small nations, for a universal domination of rights by such a concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations and make the world itself at last free. . . .” - President Woodrow Wilson

This statement by President Wilson is directly advocating the idea of

A. disarmament.B. national self-determination.C. territorial readjustments.D. balance of power.

Answer: B

7.3.5 Middle East – Analyze the political, economic, and social transformations that occurred in this era, including

the decline of the Ottoman Empire changes in the Arab world including the growth of Arab nationalism, rise of Arab

nation-states, and the increasing complexity (e.g., political, geographic, economic, and religious) of Arab peoples

the role of the Mandate system the discovery of petroleum resources

1. Which statement best expresses the key issue in the continuing dispute between Israelis and Arabs?

A. Both sides have historic claims to the same land.B. Other religious groups continue to claim rights to historic sites.C. Israel has been denied access to water rights.D. Control of oil resources in the area is essential to both groups.

Answer: A


2. Since the 1970s, the wealth of many Middle Eastern nations was increased by the

A. formation of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).B. expansion of Islamic fundamentalism.C. creation of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC).D. development of communes in Israel.

Answer: C

8.1.1 Origins of the Cold War – Describe the factors that contributed to the Cold War including the differences in ideologies and policies of the Soviet bloc and the West; political, economic, and military struggles in the 1940s and 1950s; and development of Communism in China.

1. NATO was created in order to

A. develop good will between Eastern and Western Europe.B. encourage diplomatic solutions to regional problems in North Africa.C. facilitate regional economic development in North Africa.D. create a unified military defense between the U.S. and Western Europe.

Answer: D

2. The Warsaw Treaty was developed in 1955 in response to the

A. formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization.B. start of the communist revolution in Cuba.C. U.S. development of the hydrogen bomb.D. UN intervention in Korea.

Answer: A

3. The main idea of this 1949 cartoon is that the United Nations would

A. work to solve pollution problems.B. meet only when world crises eruption.C. bridge the gap between world powers.D. prevent the Cold War.

Answer: C

World History and Geography Assessments – May 2009 39The Meeting Will Now Come To Order

8.1.2 Cold War Conflicts – Describe the major arenas of conflict, including the ways the Soviet Union and the United States attempted to expand power and

influence in Korea and Vietnam ideological and military competition in THREE of the following areas: Congo,

Cuba, Mozambique, Angola, Nicaragua, Guatemala, Bolivia, Chile, Indonesia, and Berlin

the arms and space race

1. French intent to recolonize Indo-China after World War IIUnited States desire to prevent the spread of communismUnited States support for the French in Southeast Asia

These ideas are most closely associated with the

A. causes of the conflict in Vietnam.B. reasons for the Nationalist settlement of Taiwan.C. factors that led to the Korean War.D. results of the Marshall Plan.

Answer: A

2. Although Cuba has lost support from many nations, one reason Fidel Castro has remained in power is that he has

A. established free trade with the United States.B. opposed communism.C. prohibited the practice of Catholicism.D. raised the standard of living for many Cubans.

Answer: D

8.1.3 End of the Cold War – Develop an argument to explain the end of the Cold War and its significance as a 20th-century event, and the subsequent transitions from bi-polar to multi-polar center(s) of power.

1. The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the breakup of the Soviet Union signify the

A. end of the Cold War.B. collapse of the Taliban.C. strength of the Warsaw Pact.D. power of the European Union.

Answer: A


2. Which statement best describes the main point in the political cartoon?

A. Nuclear proliferation occurs in all societies.

B. Actions of one nation often affect other nations.

C. Nuclear technology should be limited to the global superpowers.

D. Most governments are critical of India’s nuclear tests.

Answer: B

3. The destruction of the Berlin Wall in 1989 is symbolic of the

A. end of the Soviet domination of Eastern Europe.B. declining power of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).C. fall of the Weimar Republic.D. collapse of the European Union.

Answer: A

8.1.4 Mapping the 20th Century – Using post-WWI, post-WWII, height of Cold War, and current world political maps, explain the changing configuration of political boundaries in the world caused by the World Wars, the Cold War, and the growth of nationalist sovereign states (including Israel, Jordan, Palestine).

1. Since 1948, a major reason for the conflict between Arabs and Israelis is that each side

A. wants the huge oil reserves that lie under the disputed land.B. believes that the United States favors the other side in the conflict.C. claims sovereignty over the same land.D. seeks to control trade on the eastern end of the Mediterranean Sea.

Answer: C


8.2.1 The Legacy of Imperialism – Analyze the complex and changing legacy of imperialism in Africa, Southeast Asia, and Latin America during and after the Cold War such as apartheid, civil war in Nigeria, Vietnam, Cuba, Guatemala, and the changing nature of exploitation of resources (human and natural).

1. What is the main idea of the cartoon?

A. The original causes of Apartheid have not been eliminated.

B. Apartheid improved race relations in South America.

C. Peace can be achieved by non-violence.

D. Hate is caused by poverty.

Answer: A

8.2.2 Independence, Decolonization, and Democratization Movements – Compare the independence movements and formation of new nations in the Indian Subcontinent, Africa, Eastern Europe, and Southeast Asia during and after the Cold War.

1. A factor that contributed to the success of both Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam and Mao Zedong in China was their ability to combine

A. imperialism and traditionalism.B. nationalism and communism.C. ethnocentrism and democracy.D. isolationism and capitalism.

Answer: B

8.2.3 Middle East – Analyze the interregional causes and consequences of conflicts in the Middle East, including the development of the state of Israel, Arab-Israeli disputes, Palestine, the Suez crisis, and the nature of the continuing conflict.

1. “We advocate a government based on legal principles established in the Koran (Qur’an).”

Which political event would most likely be associated with this statement?

A. Chinese Communist Revolution of 1949B. Overthrow of the Shah of Iran in 1979C. Unification of Germany in 1990D. Election of Nelson Mandela as President of South Africa in 1994

Answer: B


2. Which basic belief characterized the totalitarian governments of Benito Mussolini and Saddam Hussein?

A. Nations must have written constitutions and free elections.B. All religions are accepted.C. The needs of the state are more important than individual rights.D. Representatives of the people make the laws.

Answer: C

3. The conflict between Israel and the Arab nations since 1948 was often considered part of the Cold War primarily because

A. the policy of detente evolved from this conflict.B. communist governments were established in many Arab nations.C. the leadership of Joseph Stalin strongly influenced the policies of Saddam Hussein.D. the United States supported Israel and the Soviet Union supported several Arab

nations.

Answer: D


SUPO World History Assessments May09

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