Superalloy Materials: Strengthening our World
Transcript of Superalloy Materials: Strengthening our World
N i o b i u m / S c a n d i u m / T i t a n i u m
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Superalloy Materials:Strengthening our World
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DisclaimersThis presentation contains forward looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements with respect to the completion of Resource Estimates, Preliminary Economic Assessment, Feasibility Studies, and management’s expectation that the results of these studies will confirm the potential of the Elk Creek Project. Specifically, any statements regarding the potential increase of the Company’s Indicated or Inferred Resource at the Elk Creek Project and the goals and objectives of the Company are by their nature forward looking information. Resource estimates, unless specifically noted, are considered speculative. Mineral Resources are not Mineral Reserves and do not have demonstrated economic viability. The Company’s most recent National Instrument 43-101 technical report on the Elk Creek project was filed in October 2015. Any and all other Resource or Reserve estimates that have been prepared and filed by the Company in conjunction with this Project are historical in nature and should not be relied upon. By their nature, forward looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties because they relate to events and depend on factors that will or may occur in the future. Actual results may vary depending upon exploration activities, industry production, commodity demand and pricing, currency exchange rates, and, including but not limited to, general economic factors. Other factors may cause the Company’s actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the statements.
Specific risk factors include the following: risks associated with the ability to obtain any necessary approvals, waivers, consents and other requirements necessary or desirable to permit or facilitate the development of the Company’s properties; risks associated with project development; the need for additional financing; operational risks associated with exploration activities and results, mining and mineral processing; environmental liability claims and insurance; reliance on key personnel; tax consequences; and other risks and uncertainties.
The business of exploring for minerals involves a high degree of risk.
The Company filed a technical report on SEDAR dated October 16, 2015 entitled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report - Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project – Nebraska” (October 15, 2015 PEA"). This preliminary economic assessment is preliminary in nature and it includes a level of engineering precision and assumptions which are currently considered too speculative to have the economic considerations applied to them that would enable Mineral Resources to be categorized as Mineral Reserves. There is no certainty that the preliminary economic assessment will be realized. Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. Niocorp has classified NI 43-101 Inferred Mineral Resources and Indicated Mineral Resources at Elk Creek that are disclosed within the Preliminary Economic Assessment; however, Inferred Mineral Resources are not included in the mine plan for the October 15, 2015 PEA. The pricing of scandium is a significant portion of the Project revenue, and achieving the revenue projected in the October 2015 PEA is subject to market growth in scandium, which is a developing market with a risk of oversupply and/or undersupply disrupting pricing.
Cautionary Note to US investors: The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission specifically prohibits the use of certain terms, such as "reserves" unless such figures are based upon actual production or formation tests and can be shown to be economically and legally producible under existing economic and operating conditions.
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→ About NioCorp
→ Why We Are Unique
→ The Elk Creek Superalloy Materials Project
→ Niobium and its Many Uses
→ Scandium and its Many Uses
→ Titanium and its Many Uses
→ National Security Demand Drivers
→ Emissions and Climate Change Demand Drivers
→ Summary
Where Do You Want To Go?
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About NioCorp
Who We ArePublicly traded company working to produce the superalloy materials niobium, scandium, and titanium from our Elk Creek Project in southeastern Nebraska.
Stock Listings• Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX: NB)• Over The Counter (OTCQX: NIOBF)• Frankfurt Exchange (FSE: BR3)
Primary Project Elk Creek Superalloy Materials Project in Nebraska
Office Locations Centennial, Colo. (Headquarters)Tecumseh, Nebraska
Employees 11
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Executive Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
§ Former President and CEO of Molycorp and Chevron Mining Inc.§ Served on the board of Companhia Brasileira de Metalurgia e
Mineracao Ltda. (“CBMM”), the largest niobium producer in the world.
§ Currently serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of Largo Resources Ltd., along with his role at NioCorp.
§ 34 years of experience as a mining executive.
Mark A. Smith
Scott Honan President, Elk Creek Resources CorporationVice President of Business Development
§ 22 years of experience in base metals, gold, niobium, and rare earth mining projects.
§ 13 years with Molycorp as General Manager and Environmental Manager at the Mountain Pass, CA facility, as well as Vice President of Health, Environment, Safety and Sustainability.
Scott Honan
Neal Shah Interim Chief Financial Officer
§ 20 years of experience with Molycorp, Intel, Boeing and IBM.§ Previously Senior Manager of Corporate Development and M&A
and Director of Strategy and Business Planning at Molycorp.
Neal Shah
John F. Ashburn, Jr.Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary
§ Former Executive Vice President and General Counsel of Molycorp with prior senior legal positions at Chevron and Unocal.
§ 35 years of legal experience (25 years for companies in extractive industries).
John Ashburn
Jim SimsVice President of External Affairs
§ >25 years experience in the mining, chemical, manufacturing, utility, and renewable energy sectors.
§ Former VP of Corporate Communications at Molycorp; former CEO of Policy Communications, Inc. and the Western Business Roundtable.
Jim Sims
Highly Experienced Management
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Top-Tier Development Partners
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Large And Unique Resource in the U.S. With Long Life
Primary Product (Niobium) Enjoys Relatively Stable Pricing
75% Of Our Niobium Is Already Contracted For Sale
Numerous And Diverse End Markets For Our Products
Products Are Critical & Strategic To Western Defense Needs
Project Enjoys Strong State & Local Support In Nebraska
Experienced Team That Knows How To Build These Projects
Exceptional Returns For Investors
Uniquely Positioned in the Global Superalloy Space 1
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Why We Are Unique
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Total Shares Outstanding • 180 M• 216.0 M (fully diluted)
Market Cap C$132 million (as of 10-28-2016)
52-Week Range(NB-TO; as of 5-31-2016)
• TSX-NB: C$0.51 - 1.14• OTCQX-NIOBF: $0.37 - 0.87 • FSE-BR3: €0.33 - 0.79
Average Daily Volume(TSX, 3 mo)
79,622
Shareholder Structure • ~ 11% Insiders• ~ 89% Others
Analyst Coverage Rodman & Renshaw; Mackie Research
About NioCorp: Capital Summary
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Share Price Performance: Up 38% Year to Date(as of 10/28/2016)
Share Price Performance Milestones
Ø #1 for overall market cap growth in 2014 among all TSX.V mining firms (>$5M market cap) – 547% increase
Ø #1 in share price performance in 2014 among TSX.V mining firms (>$30M market cap at year end) – 420% increase
Ø #1 in stock performance post transaction in 2014 for all brokered TSX.V mining transactions – 42% increase (< $100M market cap, excludes transactions under $2.5M)
YTD TSX Share Price Performance (C$)
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Share Price Performance: Up >300% Over Past 3 Years(as of 10/28/2016)
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Enterprise Value: >1,000% Increase From 12/31/13
NioCorp defines enterprise value as equity value less cash plus total debt. However, this determination of enterprise value may not be comparable to that reported by other companies, especially those in other industries, since “enterprise value” is not a measure reported pursuant to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Financial Reporting Standards. For more information on the financial condition and performance of NioCorp, as well as changes to its share capitalization, please refer to the audited annual and unaudited interim consolidated financial statements of NioCorp, available under NioCorp’s profile at www.sedar.com.
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The Elk Creek Superalloy Materials Project
Conceptual layout of Elk Creek Processing facility.
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• Highest-grade primary Niobium resource in North America, one of the largest in the world, and the only such resource under development in the U.S.
• One of the largest prospective Scandium producers in the world.
• Located on private land with extensive nearby infrastructure (roads, rail, water, and utilities).
• Enjoys strong community support as well as state and local government support.
Elk Creek: At A Glance
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Elk Creek: The Resource
3D model of the Elk Creek Resource
showing niobium (purple) and scandium
(yellow-green) shells in the Resource. Also
shown are mining blocks (blue and red),
shafts, and access ramps from the
October 2015 PEA Mining Plan.
1 Source: technical report dated Oct. 16, 2015, titled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report – Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project –Nebraska,” prepared by SRK, as required under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, filed on SEDAR on Oct. 16, 2015. Economics were calculated on an 8% discount rate. Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.
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• Technical report dated Oct. 16, 2015, titled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report – Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project – Nebraska,” prepared by SRK, as required under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, filed on SEDAR on Oct. 16, 2015.
• Preliminary Economic Assessments are preliminary in nature and there is no certainty that the Preliminary Economic Assessments will be realized. Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. NioCorp has classified NI 43-101 Inferred Mineral Resources and Indicated Mineral Resources at Elk Creek that are disclosed within the Preliminary Economic Assessment; however, Inferred Mineral Resources are not included in the mine plan for the “PEA2” Preliminary Economic Assessment. Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.
A Very Large and Rich Mineral Resource
Classification
Tonnage(‘000
Tonnes)Grade
(Nb2O5%)
Contained Nb2O5
(‘000 kg)Grade
(TiO2%)
Contained TiO2
(‘000 kg)Grade
(Sc g/t)
Contained Sc2O3
(‘000 kg)
October 2015 PEA Mine Plan 31,100 0.80 248,800 2.84 883,240 73 3,500
Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.
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Elk Creek: Projected Annual Production
1 Source: technical report dated Oct. 16, 2015, titled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report – Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project –Nebraska,” prepared by SRK, as required under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, filed on SEDAR on Oct. 16, 2015. Economics were calculated on an 8% discount rate. Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.
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10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
FerroniobiumScandium Trioxide
Titanium Dioxide
7,490
97
23,960 tonnes
tonnes
tonnes
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Elk Creek: Forecast Project Economics
• Pre-tax NPV of US$3.07 billion
• After-tax NPV of US$2.30 billion, with IRR of 27.6%
• Average pre-tax cash flow of US$438 million per year
• 2,700 tonne-per-day mine production rate
• 32-year operating life
• Grades of 0.80% Nb2O5, 73ppm Sc, and 2.84% TiO2
• Total upfront capital costs of US$979 million
Source: technical report dated Oct. 16, 2015, titled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report – Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project – Nebraska,” prepared by SRK, as required under National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects, filed on SEDAR on Oct. 16, 2015. Economics were calculated on an 8% discount rate. Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.
Nebraska Gov. Pete Ricketts (right) and former Lt. Gov. Lavon Heidemann (left), a local resident, touring the Elk Creek project
Greg Krueger, Krueger Farms, Inc.; Scott Honan, President, Elk Creek Development Corp.; and Beverly and Elda Beethe of Elk Creek, Nebraska.
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Product Development
Elk Creek Ferroniobium product sample that met customer specifications.
Produced in August 2015 in KPM labs.
Elk Creek Scandium product sample. Produced in September 2016 at SGS.
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Our Feasibility Study Is Nearly Complete
ü Metallurgical test work is in the home stretch.
ü Commercial grade Scandium testing nearly complete, with announcement soon.
ü Building/equipment layouts for all major facilities completed.
ü Final geotechnical drilling and field data collection to be completed in Oct/Nov.
ü Only 2 remaining agreements needed for our land package.
ü We are continuing to meet with federal and state agencies on permitting.
3D rendering of the Elk Creek Project’s surface processing facilities. Oct. 2016
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Niobium
Name NiobiumAtomic Number 41Element Classification Metal
Phase at Room Temp. Solid
Melting Point 2750 K (2477°C or 4491°F)
Boiling Point 5017 K (4744°C or 8571°F)
Density 8.57 grams per cubic centimeter
Strengthens steel, allowing for
lighter structures and vehicles, and makes steel more corrosion resistant
Vital to many markets, including
aerospace, construction,
transportation, oil & gas,
superalloys
Demand implies a global
market value of $2B–$3B, with 4-6%
CAGRs
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$9 of Niobium added to a mid-sized automobilereduces its weight by 100kg,
increasing fuel efficiency by 5%.(Source: World Steel Assn.)
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The addition of 0.025% of Niobiumto the steel in the Millau Viaduct
reduced the weight of the steel and concrete by 60%
in the overall project.(Source: CBMM)
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Niobium Use In Global Markets
45
23
16
6 3 3Steel Mega ProjectsAutomotiveOil & GasShipbuildingStainless SteelSuperalloys
%
45%
23%
16%
6%
3%
3%
%%
% % %
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Niobium: Global Markets
§ Ferroniobium helps make stronger HSLA steel, which allows for the construction of lighter and less costly structures.
§ Ferrovanadium is the closest potential substitute, but requires double the amount for the same strength performance and does not provide other positive properties that ferroniobium does.
High Strength, Low Alloy Steel (“HSLA”)
§ Ferroniobium makes vehicles stronger, for improved passenger safety, and reduces weight, for better fuel efficiency and fewer relative emissions.
Automotive Industry: 23%
Construction and Steel Mega Projects: 45%
§ HSLA with ferroniobium is used for lightweight structures that require additional strength and corrosion resistance.
§ Ferroniobium in high-strength reinforcing bars provides high yield strength and improved weldability.
§ Ferroniobium delivers significant weight savings in the volume of steel needed for mega-projects, which can reduce shipping and other costs.
The Millau Viaduct in France was built using steelwith .025% niobium, reducing the weight of thesteel and concrete by 60%. (Source: CBMM)
$9 of Niobium added to a mid-sized automobile reduces its weight by 100kg, increasing fuel
efficiency by 5%. (Source: World Steel Assn.)
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§ HSLA steel with ferroniobium gives pipelines superior ability to withstand increased pressure over greater distances.
Oil and Gas Pipelines: 16%
Shipbuilding: 6%
§ HSLA with ferroniobium allows for lighter ships and lower fuel consumption, as well as stronger components and superior weldability.
Superalloys and High Strength Q&T plate: 3%
§ Niobium-containing alloys make up to 35% of the weight of a typical aircraft jet engine, adding strength and corrosion resistance.
§ Niobium-titanium magnets are used in the health care sector through MRI machines.
Stainless Steel: 3%
§ Niobium reduces corrosion and improves high-temperature performance in stainless and other heat-resistant steels, which are used in automobile exhaust systems and catalytic converters.
Niobium: Global Markets
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§ 70% privately held company / 30% owned by investors via purchases in 2012.§ US$13.3 billion implied enterprise value in 2012.
CBMM
Niobec Inc. (“Niobec”)
§ Reported mine production of 5,200 tonnes in 2013.§ Acquired by private equity-backed Magris Resources in early-2015 for
US$530 million.
Anglo American Brasil Ltda (“Anglo Brazil”)
§ Asset recently sold to China Molybdenum for $1.5B• $300M-$500M more than expected.• 10X of 2015 EBITDA• NPV range of $800M - $1.1B
Niobium Market Share by Producer
Niobium: Current Production
85%
8% 6%
CBMM Niobec Anglo Brazil
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Ferroniobium Product Pricing is Stable
In early 2012, a 30% interest in CBMM was sold in two transactions to Japanese/South Korean and Chinese consortiums for a combined sale price of USD $3.95 billion.
Market prices for FeNb have been relatively stable since that time.
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Average monthly value of ferroniobium imports,2009 – 2015 (US $ / kg Nb)
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Scandium
Name ScandiumAtomic Number 21Element Classification Metal
Phase at Room Temp. Solid
Melting Point Melting Point: 1814 K (1541°C or 2806°F)
Boiling Point 3109 K (2836°C or 5137°F)
Density 2.99 grams per cubic centimeter1 OnG Commodities LLC Estimates and Analysis
Major uses today are in
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and
aluminum alloys.
Current global consumption(10-15 tpa)
constrained by limited, unreliable
and inefficient supply sources.
With reliable supply, demand
is forecast to grow strongly.
Estimated demand in
aerospace alone is 300 tpa.1
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Scandium-contained aluminum alloys can reduce weight in commercial airliners by 20%.
$1-1.5 million of scandium oxide in a single airliner offers $10-15 million of net present value fuel savings.1
1 Based on a B737NG flying 3000-4000 hours per year, and a long-term jet fuel price of$2-3/gallon. Savings potential is greater in long haul aircraft with higher overall utilization.
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o Cr
edit:
Blo
om E
nerg
y
Scandium helps Solid Oxide Fuel Cells deliver a 99.99%+ uptime, along with a much improved lifespan:
a decade-plus vs. 1-2 years for non-scandium SOFCs.
(Sources: Bloom Energy)
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Scandium and Clean Energy
Scandium-based fuel cells offer unmatched reliability in mission-
critical power supply markets.
• Compared to fossil fuel central power generation plants, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) generate electricity with higher efficiency, fewer greenhouse gases, and other pollutants; involve less water use; require a smaller footprint; and enjoy greatly enhanced reliability (99.99%+ uptime).1
• Scandium improves SOFCs lifespan: decade-plus for scandium vs. 1-2 years for yttrium fuel cells
• Scandium-doped zirconia has greater oxygen transport, providing higher cell efficiencies and power output levels.
Source: Bloomenergy
1 Source: Bloom Energy
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Scandium and Commercial Aviation
• Scandium strengthens aluminum by up to 100%, allowing for lighter products. This can deliver up to a 20% weight reduction in aircraft, with comparable benefits in reduced fuel burn – a huge value.
• Scandium allows for more dependable welding of aluminum in high-performance applications. It stabilizes and allows for a finer alloy grain size, and minimizes recrystallization in a weld’s heat-affected zone.
• Aluminum alloys with < 1% scandium can eliminate the need for air frame rivets, resulting in simpler, lower-cost manufacturing.
$1-1.5 million of scandium oxide in a single airliner offers
$10-15 million of present value in fuel savings1
1 Based on a B737NG flying 3000-4000 hours per year, and a long-term jet fuel price of $2-3/gallon. Savings potential is greater in long haul aircraft with higher overall utilization.
Pure Al metalSource: Metallica Minerals
Sc-Al alloy
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Titanium
Name TitaniumAtomic Number 22Element Classification Metal
Phase at Room Temp. Solid
Melting Point 1941 K (1668°C or 3034°F)
Boiling Point 3560 K (3287°C or 5949°F)
Density 4.5 grams per cubic centimeter
Primarily used for pigments in paints, plastics
and paper
Also used to make strong, lightweight
alloys for aerospace, armor, chemical
processing, marine hardware, medical
implants, power generation, etc.
Domestic and international
markets are large, with capacity to
expand
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US Perspective: These Are Critical and Strategic Materials
§ Military aircraft engine turbines§ Rocket sub-assemblies§ Memory metal for hydraulic
couplings§ Superconducting magnets§ Gas turbines and heat-resistant
combustion equipment§ Tool bits and cutting tools
US Dependence onForeign Supplies:
100%
Niobium
§ Military aircraft§ Naval ships and hardware§ Mobile bridges§ Lasers§ Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
US Dependence onForeign Supplies:
100%
Scandium
§ Military aircraft§ Numerous weapons systems§ Protective armor§ Naval ships and hardware§ Medical implants§ Power generation
US Dependence onForeign Supplies of Titanium Mineral
Concentrate:
91%
Titanium
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Potential Debt Financing from Germany
• Project has received in-principle eligibility approval for a loan guarantee from the German Government’s Untied Loan Program.
• Nations such as Germany are concerned about diversity of supply for critical and strategic materials such as Niobium.
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Imperative: Lighter Weight Cars, Trucks, Planes
Niobium
$9 of Niobium added to a mid-sized automobile reduces its weight by 100kg, increasing fuel
efficiency by 5%.1
Scandium
Scandium-contained aluminum alloys can
reduce weight in commercial airliners by
20%.2
Titanium
Titanium is used to reduce weight and
increase fuel efficiency in a variety of applications.
1 Estimate by the World Steel Association.2 Based on a B737NG flying 3000-4000 hours per year, and a long-term jet fuel price of $2-3/gallon.
Savings potential is greater in long haul aircraft with higher overall utilization.
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Fuel Economy Targets Are Rising
Sou
rce:
Cen
ter f
or C
limat
e an
d E
nerg
y S
olut
ions
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GHG Reduction Targets Are Rising
Unless otherwise noted, the difference between estimated reductions excluding and including the land use, land-use change, and forestry (LULUCF) sector is less than 1 percent.
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Niobium & GHG Reductions in the U.S.
Niobium is helping to avoid the emission of 62 million tonnes of
CO2 per year in the U.S.
Tailpipe CO2 from burning 1 gallon of gasoline1 8,887 grams/gal
Gasoline burned in the US, 20152 140.43 billion gallons
Total CO2 emitted from gasoline combustion3 1248 million tonnes
CO2 reduction attributable to Nb use in vehicles, US annual4 62 million tonnes
1 https://www.epa.gov/greenvehicles/greenhouse-gas-emissions-typical-passenger-vehicle-02 https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=23&t=10 3 Assume all gasoline is combusted in motor vehicles4 Based on World Steel Association estimate that $9 of Niobium added to a mid-sized automobile reduces its weight by 100kg, increasing fuel efficiency by 5%.
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Scandium & GHG Reduction Potential
NioCorp’s Scandium production has the potential to avoid the emission of
824 million tonnes of CO2over the life of the Elk Creek Project.
Annual Fuel Reductions1 2,250,000 litersCO2 emissions factor2 9.57 kg CO2/gal CO2 emissions factor 2.53 kg CO2/lAnnual CO2 reduction 5,688 mt per planePlane Life 25 yearsPlane Life CO2 reduction 142,207 mt per plane
Annual Sc2O3 production 97 tSc2O3 Required 537 kg/planeNumber of Planes 181 planes/yrMine Life 32 yearsTotal CO2 reduction over thelife of the Elk Creek Project 824 Mt
1 Estimated fuel savings from a B737NG flying 3000-4000 hours per year where scandium alloyed with aluminum allows for a 20% weight reduction.
2 https://www.eia.gov/environment/emissions/co2_vol_mass.cfm
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Summary
• Growing end use demand across diversified markets, including these: High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Steel; Aerospace, and Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
• Favorable competitive landscape, with only three Niobium producers and no stable Scandium production
• Excellent location in Elk Creek, Nebraska, with strong local support, existing infrastructure, and close proximity to NioCorp headquarters
• Skilled, capable, and proven management team and Board of Directors
A Compelling Project
• Excellent growth opportunity, undervalued by the financial markets
• High return on investment potential of 27.6%, after tax
• Annual cash flow of $438 million will allow us to pay down debt and continue to invest in growth opportunities or return cash to shareholders
• Strong support from customers through FeNb off-take agreement already in-place
A Compelling Investment
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Technical Reports and NI 43-101 Qualified Persons
This presentation contains information taken from the following reports:• Technical report entitled “Amended NI 43-101 Technical Report - Updated Preliminary Economic Assessment - Elk Creek Niobium Project – Nebraska,” filed on
SEDAR on October 2015.
A complete list of NI 43-101 Qualified Persons (QPs) is contained in each technical report, and in filed reports here: www.sedar.com
QP Review Statements
• Martin Pittuck, MSc, CEng, MIMMM (SRK Corporate Consultant, Mining Geology) is the QP responsible for data verification and the mineral resource estimate, and has reviewed the technical information contained in this presentation
• Benjamin Parsons, MSc, MAusIMM (CP) (SRK Principal Consultant, Resource Geology) provided assistance in the preparation of the geological model and Mineral Resource Estimate under the guidance of Martin Pittuck, and has reviewed the technical information contained in this presentation
• Joanna Poeck, BEng Mining, SME-RM, MMSAQP (SRK Senior Consultant, Mining Engineer) is the QP responsible for mining and reserves, and has reviewed the technical information contained in this presentation
• Eric Larochelle, B.Eng, (SMH Process Innovation) is the QP responsible for the Elk Creek Project hydrometallurgical and mineral processing programs, and has reviewed the technical information contained in this presentation
N i o b i u m / S c a n d i u m / T i t a n i u m
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For More Information, please contact:Jim Sims, VP of External RelationsNioCorp Developments [email protected]
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Forecast Project Economics
391
177
188
57
166
1
• Pre-tax NPV of US$3.07 billion
• After-tax NPV of US$2.30 billion
• Average pre-tax cash flow of US$438 million per year
• Total upfront capital costs of US$979 million
Annual Production metrics:
- 7,490 tonnes of Ferroniobium per year- 97 tonnes of Scandium Trioxide per year- 23,960 tonnes of Titanium Dioxide per year
Economic Results(calculated using an 8% discount rate)
Scandium Pricing - Sensitivity Analysis
Capital Cost Estimate(US$ in millions)
Processing
Tailings andInfrastructure
Owner’s Costs
Contingency
Sc Base Case (US$ M)
Sc Slow Aerospace Uptake (US$ M)
Initial Capital $979 $979Before Tax NPV $3,073 $2,633Before Tax IRR 31.7% 29.0%After Tax NPV $2,302 $1,959After Tax IRR 27.6% 25.3%
Mining
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Creating Value: Process Flowsheet
Crushing and Grinding
HClLeach
Primary ScRecovery
AcidRegeneration
Acid Bake and Water Leach
IronReduction
Secondary ScRecovery
Sc2O3Purification
NiobiumPrecipitation
PhosphorousRemoval
PyrometTitaniumPrecipitation
Neutralization
Ore
Slag
Ferroniobium
Leach Solids
Titanium Dioxide
Scandium Trioxide
HCl
Gypsum and oxides
Salt & H2SO4
H2SO4
Iron
Neutralization Solids
Lime KEY:ProductsProcess InputsWaste Streams
NaOH
Please see the description of NI 43-101 “Qualified Persons” at the end of the presentation.