SunGift Solar DBCP Seminar 11 May 2012

7/28/2019 SunGift Solar DBCP Seminar 11 May 2012

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Renewable energy overview

Gareth Walton & Jamie BurnhamSunGift Solar


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About us

Renewable energy specialists

Experienced started in 2006 & have installed hundreds of

renewable energy systems

A complete service our own fully trained & qualifiedsystem designers & installers

No 1 ranked SW installer in the UK on www.yougen.co.uk

Award winning voted Installer of the Year in the SW Green

Energy Awards twice in the past three years

Designed & installed on a wide range of projects new

build & existing, domestic & non-domestic, urban & rural

All necessary certifications, including MCS
http://www.yougen.co.uk/http://www.yougen.co.uk/


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Renewable energy technologiesHeat

ElectricityWater heating Space heating


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Selecting & installing renewables

1. Know how much energy you use

2. Reduce your energy demandthrough energy efficiency measures

this reduces the size & cost of any renewable energy system needed

& is usually very cost effective

3. Identify any opportunities &/or constraints to renewable energy on

your site or property

4. Check with your local planning authority whether there are any

planning issues

5. Select appropriate renewable energy technology or technologies6. Get quotes EST recommends getting at least 3 from MCS installers


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Feed-in Tariffs (FITs)

Government financial incentive for renewable electricity

Open to everyone individuals, businesses, organisations & public

sector

Generation tariffrather than a grant towards the capital cost

Paid for all electricity generated & not just that exported to the grid

Varying tariffs depending on type & scale of technology

3.1p/kWh extra for electricity exported to the grid

Designed to give a return on investment ie you make a profit

Guaranteed income for 10-25 years depending on type & scale of

technologyindex linked (& tax free for individuals)


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FITs rates

Technology ScaleCurrent tariffs

(pence per kWh) Tariff lifetime (years)

PV

4kW 21.0

25

>4-10kW 16.8

>10-50kW 15.2

>50 - 250kW 12.9>250kW - 5MW

& stand alone systems 8.9

Wind

1.5kW 35.8

20

>1.5-15kW 28.0

>15-100kW 25.4

>100-500kW 20.6

>500kW-1.5MW 10.4

>1.5MW-5MW 4.9

Hydro

15kW 21.9

20>15-100kW 19.6

>100kW-2MW 12.1

>2-5MW 4.9

FITs tariffs are also available for Anaerobic Digestion & Micro-CHP


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FITs changes

Despite recent FITs reductions PV can still deliver 7-11% return

because system costs have fallen

From 1 April 2012 any new solar PV installation on or connected to

a building will only get the full FITs if the building has an Energy

Performance Certificate (EPC) rating of D or higher

The Government is proposing to cut FITs for PV again from 1 July

2012 (by 20-56%) depending on amount of PV installed & also to

reduce the tariff lifetime to 20 years

Also proposed an automatic 10% reduction in the FITs for PV

every 6 months

Tariffs for other technologies due to be reduced from October

2012 (hydro 4-8% & wind 8-41%)


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Proposed PV FITs rates

Currently under consultation.

Due to be introduced from 1 July 2012.

Which option (A, B & C) is chosen will be based on how much PV has been installed in March &

April 2012.


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Solar photovoltaics (PV)

Generate electricity from daylight, although produce most in direct

sunlight

SW receives the highest level of solar irradiation in the UK

Can be supplied as panels or tiles & can be built into the fabric of a

building, bolted on afterwards or built on a frame on the ground

Must be correctly angled & orientated for best performance, with theideal position facing South at an angle of 30 degrees

Variation from this will result in reduced performance, but facing between

East & West can still be viable

Shading dramatically reduces performance & should be avoided

Buildings roof must be able to take the weight of the panels


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Title


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Title


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PV for free?

Issues to consider:- How much of the electricity generated will you use?- Who pays? (for all the equipment)- Who owns it?- Who gets the FITs?

- Who gets the electricity & is it free?- Maintenance & repairs?- Insurance?- Moving property before 25 years is up?- Roof work?

See www.energysavingtrust.org.uk for a full list of questions
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/


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We look at the following 3 things:

1. The outside of the roof/the land available

2. The internal roof structure

3. The existing electrics

Step 1 the survey


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The outside of the roof/the land available

Available space

Orientation Pitch

Shading

Covering & condition

Access for scaffold &/or materials

Step 1 the survey


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PV for free?

f l & i i


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Impact of angle & orientation

on performance

Source: Energy Saving TrustA buyers guide to solar electricity panels February 2011www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panels
http://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panelshttp://www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/Resources/Publications/Renewables/A-buyer-s-guide-to-solar-electricity-panels


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Work with firm of independent structural engineers to ensureroofs are strong enough to take the weight of the system

Construction

Condition Full measurements

Fixing points

Felted

Access

Internal roof structure


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Incoming supply

Type of fusebox etc

Age & condition Earthing

Cable runs

Inverter location

Existing electrics


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Western Power (WPD) enquiry if necessary

Use specialist PV industry software

Build a 3D model of your property/roof

Run shading analysis

More accurate estimate of the amount of electricity

generated by the system

Inverter sizing

Step 2 system design


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We are not tied to one particular product manufacturer Criteria

quality & longevity

performance & cost

our confidence in the manufacturers

Our products


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Different PV panels perform differently Independent Photon Magazine

test

Real world comparative

performance About 100 panels all installed

at the same location, the same

angle & the same orientation

12.5% difference in the

amount of electricity produced

over a year


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We can do planning/listed building/Building Regulations

application/provide CAD drawings etc

Notify insurance

Step 3 Pre-installation


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Dont subcontract out installations employ our own

roofers, electricians & plumbers

Step 4 installation


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FITs registration Commissioning

MCS certificate

Handover pack

Step 5 post-installation


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PV Case Study - Escot House

Key facts and figuresSystem: 3.92kWp Siliken Corrugated Roof system

Location: Nr Ottery St Mary, Devon

Income and savings: 1,693 paReturn on investment: 13% pa

Payback time: 7.7 years

Carbon offset: 2.1 tonnes paSpecification: 16 x Siliken 245W panels + 1 x

Sputnik Engineering SolarMax 4200S inverter

Cost 28,000 ex VATExeter School


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,

Estimated payback 6.4 years

Estimated return 15.7%

9.8kWp PV array


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Key facts and figuresSystem: 20.72 kW roof-mounted solar PV array

Location: near Taunton, Somerset

Income and savings: 7,000 paReturn on investment: 8% pa

Payback time: 12.2 years

Carbon offset: 11.52 tonnes paSpecification: 112 Sharp Nu185E1 panels + two

Solar Max inverters

PV - Case Study Sharps Farm


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Near Exeter

40kWp PV arrayApprox cost 100,000 ex VAT



Met Office, Exeter


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Met Office, Exeter

250kWp PV array

Approx cost 300,000 ex VAT




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Wind

Requires a good average wind speed - A small difference in wind

speed will make a large difference to the amount of electricitygenerated

Recommend monitoring wind speeds at the site before deciding

whether to install

Trees & buildingscan dramatically reduce wind speed Need to be carefully sited, especially in built-up areas, to be effective

Noise & visual impact may need to be considered

Annual service needed


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Highly site specific

Require a good year-round flow of water & preferably a good heightdifferencebetween the top of the scheme & the turbine

May require some civil works

Licences & approval from the Environment Agency are required

Mitigating measures such as a mesh screen & a fish ladder may need tobe installed

Noise may be an issue

Annual service needed

Hydro


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Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI)

New Government financial incentive for renewable heat 860m from 2011 to 2014 - directly funded by Government

Like the FITs a generation tariffrather than a grant towards the

capital cost

Different approaches for the domestic & non-domestic sectors

Non-domestic RHI tariffs available now index-linked

Domestic RHI tariffs currently due from Summer 2013 no details

published so far One-off grants (called RHI Premium Payments) available until 31

March 2013 for domestic installations only


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RHI tariff levels

for non-domestic installations

Technology Scale Tariff rate (p/kWh)

Tariff

lifetime

(years)

Solid biomass & municipal solid waste


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Solar thermal

Supplementary heat source such as a

boiler or immersion heater usually

needed for when output is low eg in the

winter

2 main types - flat plate & evacuatedtubes. Evacuated tubes are more

efficient, but also more expensive.

Must be correctly angled & orientated

for best performance

The heating system, particularly the hot

water tank & boiler, needs to be

compatible


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Heat pumps

Use similar technology to fridges to extract heat from the air, ground or

water

Can provide space & water heating

Require electricity to run & the CO2 & financial cost of this needs to be

considered

The more efficient the heat pump is running, & the higher the CO2savings & the lower the running costs

Provide a low-temperature heat output - best suited to meeting a low heat

demand eg well insulated properties with underfloor heating

Ground source HPs require horizontal trenches or vertical boreholes to be

dug

Noise likely to be a planning issue for ASHPs

WSHPs may require approval from the Environment Agency


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Air Source Heat Pump Case Study

Listed Building with Night Storage Heaters

Project Brief;

Remove existing and ineffective night storage heating system and replace with a new wet radiator

network and cost effective heating system whilst respecting the sensitive nature of the property.


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Air Source Heat Pump Case Study

Installed 12No. Double Convector

radiators with Honeywell Evotouch

Zone controls.

16kW Daikin Altherma HT Heat

Pump

System Provides 100% of Space

heating and DHW.

Heating & DHW bills with night

storage and immersion heater on

Economy 7 1748/yr

Heating and DHW bills with Daikin

Altherma HT ASHP 1073/yr

Bi


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Biomass

Biomass stoves can provide space heating for individual rooms & water heating if

they have a back boiler connected Biomass boilers provide space & water heating for whole building/group of

buildings

Suitable for new build or existing buildings

Main fuels are woodchips, pellets, or logs

Smoke control zones

Almost CO2 neutral

CO2 & cost savings will depend on the fuel being replaced

In general, work best with fairly constant heating demand

Biomass boilers in particular most efficient when operating close to full load

Sufficient space for the stove/boiler & for fuel storage is needed plus good access

to the fuelstore for deliveries

Require ash removal, although in general very small amounts produced


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Biomass Case Study

Project Brief:

Client has a small bungalow currently heated with night storage heaters and an immersion

heater for domestic hot water. Running costs are high and the controllability is poor. Client

wanted a renewable alternative that offered an automated system that was sustainable,

controllable and reduced running costs. We supplied a 9kW pellet boiler capable of

providing 100% of the heating and hot water requirement.

Key facts and Figures

Heat Load = 6.97kW

Total Energy requirement - 7,371kWh/yr

Current annual running cost night storage and immersion - 1,061

Annual cost of wood pellet fuel - 409 Fuel savings 652 per year

Potential Income from domestic RHI - 663 per year.

I t t d S l ti C St d


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4.7 kWp solar PV system

14 kW Air Source Heat Pump

Internet monitoring and remote control

3.18 kW roof integrated solar thermal

Underfloor heating

Integrated Solutions Case Study

d l d


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Integrated Solutions Case Study

3.92kWpSolar Slate

PV System

Roof Integrated

Velux SolarThermal System

Plant room...Not Airing

Cupboard!

Low Temp, Ecodan Air

Source Heat Pump in

conjunction with UFH

Practical considerations for


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f

designers and developers

Photovoltaics

Shading impact is severe. Need to avoid trees, chimneys and even power lines. Designs should mitigate

against obstacles that shade, if unavoidable then specialist micro inverter systems are available.

South at 30 from the horizontal is optimal. Losses are small if system faces SW or SE. E/W will generally

only result in approx 25% energy loss in a year.

Less than optimal orientations may benefit from a different type of technology such as thin film panels

which perform better in lower light conditions.

Module degradation should be considered when looking at the long term economics of a system and

when selecting a manufacturer. Different manufacturers offer different warranties guaranteeing power

performance over the life time of the system.

Roof fixings and integrated systems. Makes sense in new build or when re-roofing to install mounting

brackets as the roof is being installed.

3.68kW is the standard limit for a single phase supply set by Distribution Network Operators (DNOs)

such as Western Power Distribution (WPD).

Grid connection upgrades are often very expensive eg in the region of 20,000.



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Wind

Planning permission needs careful consideration and requires a sensitive approach.

If within 50m of a hedge an ecological survey is required. Survey process varies depending

on location and proximity to bat colonies. Costs can range from 500 - 2,500.

Visual impact, shadow flicker and sound pressure are major considerations when finalising

location of turbine. Avoid AONBs, SSSI, World Heritage sites, scheduled monuments.

Topographic effects of local landscape impact on wind speed and laminar flow. Trees,

buildings and other obstacles can lead to turbulence which significantly reduce the

performance of the turbine.

Topple distances dictate proximity to roads, power lines and buildings.

General recommendations are to stay a minimum of 100m from clients property and 200m

from nearest neighbour.



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Solar Thermal

Sizing collector to match cylinder size and hot water demand is critical. Over sizing can lead

to stagnation and system failure.

Pipe runs through loft, connecting roof panels to cylinder cupboard. Pump station and

controller typically installed in loft space but can also be located in a plant room / cupboard.

Avoid locating pump near bedroom! Most important is educating the end user how the system functions. Controls and setup is

crucial. Solar thermal gradually heats cylinder, boiler should be programmed to come on at

the end of the day when the solar has had its chance to heat the water.

Specialist cylinder required.

Works really well with Heat Pumps.



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Heat Pumps

What sort of property suits which technology? Heat emitters determine type of heat pump.

A major limitation of Air Source Heat Pumps is a clients grid connection. A maximum output

capacity of 16kW thermal is generally the maximum you can connect with a single phase

grid connection.

GSHP units can achieve output capacities of as much as 24kW on a single phase. If customers have multiple electrical supplies then heat pumps can be linked to provide a

modular output.

Grid connection upgrades are often very expensive eg in the region of 20,000.

Location of outdoor unit is important. Strong winds can reduce fan speed. Sound pressure

levels need to be considered.

Units can be as much as 20m from the property, they can be wall mounted or installed on

mounting feet. Anti-vibration mats should be installed and a condense drain built in to

prevent icing.



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Biomass

Understand heat requirement and load profile. Boiler sizing is not a question of simply

matching or over-sizing like oil or gas.

Boilers should be designed to run for prolonged periods rather than stopping and starting.

Thermal shock on the combustion chamber can reduce lifetime of boiler.

Fuel type is dependant on the local fuel supply chain. Customers ability and desire for manual labour.

Space...

Service and maintenance package.

Backup boiler for large systems.


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Thanks very much

01392 213912

[email protected]

www.sungiftsolar.co.uk
mailto:[email protected]://www.sungiftsolar.co.uk/http://www.sungiftsolar.co.uk/mailto:[email protected]

SunGift Solar DBCP Seminar 11 May 2012

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