Sucessful PV Application in Indonesia

Case Study

Chayun Budiono

PT Gerbang Multindo Nusantara

Renewable energy systems for every need

Drinking Water TelecommuniactionNavigation Aid

BioenergyHybrid System Microhydro Solar Process Heat

Solar Home Systems

GMN is currently focusing on off grid market…

Why off-grid….?

Est. un-electrified rural households:

11 Million

Approx: 2.5 GW

Rural 60%

Urban 40%

Electrification Ratio

64%

Total households (December 2009) :

58 Million

If only 5% eligible for PV

10 MWp PV market is generated every year

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PV Market Development

- How much is the system costs and structure?

- How many installations are operating to date?

- What are the typical failures?

- Any measures for improvements?

Questions:

Resistances for PV Utilization

• High up-front cost

But, there are many competitive applications for PV system in

Indonesia if correctly assessed.

• Dominated by Import Components

PV modules or cells are imported, but it is no longer

dominating the life-cycle system cost

• Significant project failures

- Project is generally designed based on “budget” and “one-

shoot” approaches;

- A thorough assessment during project planing often ignored;

- Missing soft components to meet sustainable utilization:

community, institution, after market services, etc.

Off-grid PV Cost & Profiles

System failures

Life-cycle Cost

PV-D Hybrid

On-grid Cost:

Germany: 4 USD/WpThailand : 3 USD/Wp

RES vs DGS Competition

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Subsidized Oil Market Oil Price Level 1 RES Level 2 RES Level 3 RES

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Competitivenes Category of Generating Plant

Financial Comparison Economic Comparison

Diesel Generating Set (DGS) Renewable Energy System (RES)

Competition at non-subsidized oil price

Competition at subsidized oil price

Mini- and

micro-hydro

- Biomass

- Small package and remote PV

- Small wind

- Large and Urban PV

MV Jawa-Bali Grid

Energy Market Failures

Relying on fossil sources, while ignoring many externalities:

• Resource scarcity and opportunity cost

• Politically strategic (e.g. oil embargo 1973)

• Greenhouse gas emissions and acid rain

• Avoided cost that inherent to fuel transport and losses

• Avoided cost due to transmission and distribution loss of

electricity

• Price distortion due to fossil fuel and electricity subsidy

Let’s go green…

TELECOMMUNICATION APPLICATIONS

Case Study

Design Chart of PV-Diesel Hybrid System

Current system size ~ 12 kWp

Typical Performace BTS PV-D Hybrid

Current system size ~ 12 kWp

Base Transceiver Station Installations

Tongkeng Island 4.8 kWpMaratua Island 12 kWp

Stand-aloneTelecom Repeater Station

Thank youPT Gerbang Multindo Nusantara

Jl. Sapta Taruna Raya 16, Jakarta 12310

Tel. 021.7651824 ; Fax. 021.75912023

Email: chayun@indo.net.id