Success with root vegetables, CFSA SAC 2015
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Transcript of Success with root vegetables, CFSA SAC 2015
TECHNIQUES FOR SUCCESS WITH ROOT VEGETABLES
EDIBLE EARTHSCAPES
DA I KO N
VA R I E TY A N D S E E D PR E P
• Minowase
• Early August to late September
• Miyashige
• Minowase Early• April Cross
Varieties
Planting Season
Hybrids (Kitazawa Seed Company)
Open Pollinated (Baker Creek Seed)
• Direct seed in furrows by hand-sowing rather than using a seeder
• 3.5 foot wide raised beds
• 1/2 inch
SOIL PREP, SPACING AND SOWING Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
• Furrows amended with compost and mycorrhizae
Seed Depth
Spacing• 12 inches
• Works well in a polyculture
CROP MAINTENANCE, DISEASES AND PESTS• Overhead sprinklers with
drip tape• Keep bed healthy by
weeding, thinning and mulching• Use row covers when below 28º
• Watch for flea beetles, harlequin bugs and moles
• Root rot can happen with too much water in soil
HARVEST , P OST HA RVEST AND ST ORAGE
Harvest
Post Harvest
Storage
• Leverage out of ground with digging fork
• Spray clean with hose
• Cut off greens• For short term storage, keep
in fridge• For long term, wrap in
newspaper or put in bucket of sand and keep in root cellar
MARKETING, EATING AND HEALTH BENEFITSMarketing
• It’s all about presentation• Cooking
demonstrations
• CSAs and restaurants
• Share recipes with customers
Health Benefits
• High in vitamin C • Facilitates efficient digestion • Natural diuretic
• Anti-inflammatory & antioxidant compounds• Rich source of calcium
https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/vegetable/daikon.html
Daikon Steaks
• Sell as individual roots
SEED SAVING• When doing your own seed saving, cross-pollination is
possible
Watermelon Radish Purple Daikon
G O BO ( JAPAN ES E B U R D O C K )
SOIL PREPARATION AND SPACING
• March - August• Maturity reached in 70-
240 days
• Start seeds in trays and transplant after 3-4 weeks
• 2 feet
• 3 foot wide beds, deeply tilled or forked
• Place drip tape and cover with leaf mulch
Varieties
Planting Season
• Takinogawa• Watanabe Early (Kitazawa)
Sowing Method
Spacing
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth• 1/4 inch
• Amend with compost and micrrohizae
• Well drained soil will reduce risk of rot
• Minimal weeding with occasional compost tea
C R OP M A I N T EN A N C E
HARVEST
1. Cut leaves and clear the space
2. Place digging fork at least 8 inches away from root stem
3. Create a pentagon with your fork keeping an 8 inch radius
4. Leverage your fork and lift gently
5. Brush off the dirt and search ground for any broken
pieces
POS T-H ARVE S T AND S T ORAGE• Spray the root to loosen and discard thick soil
• Cut off stem
• Wash gently in standing water
• Remove root hairs
• Store in refrigerator
• Sell in 1/2 pound bundles
• Kimpira Gobo
Farmer’s Market and CSA
Eating
• Good for stir fries, roasting and soups
• Gobo burgers
Health Benefits• High in potassium
• Rich in iron, magnesium, vitamins C and E
• Reduces blood sugar and cholesterol levels
MAR K E T I NG , E AT I N G & HE ALT H BE N E F I T S
SEED SAVING
G I N G E R & T UR M E R I C
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Direct seed sprouting rhizome pieces
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds amended with compost and mycorrhizae
• 2 inches
• 1 foot
Varieties
Planting Season
• Big Kahuna
• Early March (pre-sprouting) and May (sowing)
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• Yellow Hawaiian• Red Turmeric
• Keep beds weeded and hilled
• Alternate feeding them with compost tea and epsom salt water every other week
• Keep temperatures above 40º by keeping them under row covers or in a greenhouse
• Be mindful of water content in soil to prevent rot and mold
CROP MAINTENANCE
HARVEST, POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE
Baby Ginger
Turmeric
• Harvest mid-September through late October
• For short term, store in fridge otherwise keep in freezer
• Harvest before first hard frost in November through December
• For short term, store in fridge otherwise keep in freezer
MAR K E T I NG , E AT I N G & HE ALT H BE N E F I T S
Marketing
Eating
Health Benefits
• Farmer’s Market• CSA• Farm Pick-up• Restaurants
• Teas• Cooking spice• Immunity boost drinks
• Ginger aids in stomach health• Turmeric is an anti-
inflammatory and most effective when eaten with black pepper
SEED SAVING
• Mature seed ginger is harvested in January and should be kept dry and at a cool room temperature
TA R O
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Place sprouting corms directly into soil
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds of well-worked, loose soil
• 2 - 3 inches
• 1 footVariety
Planting Season
• Sato Imo
• Late April - late May
Bed Maintenance• Drip tape woven between plants• Heavily mulched and occasionally weeded
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
HARVEST, POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE
Harvest
Post-Harvest
Storage
• Use digging fork to uproot plant• Separate corms by breaking
them off of the mother
• Wash off excess dirt and lay to dry
• Keeps best when stored in a cool dry space
MARKETING, EATING AND HEALTH BENEFITS• Sell by the pound at Farmer’s Markets
Eating• Can be prepared many different
ways to achieve different textures and flavors
• Alone it is best boiled or roasted
• Also great in curries, soups, fritters and poi
Health Benefits• High levels of dietary
fiber along with vitamins A, C, E and B6
• Separate the sprouting seed corms from the food corms• Store sprouting corms in peat moss or coir
SEED SAVING
• Remove all corms from the mother
B E E T S
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWINGVariety• Early Wonder Tall Top• Detroit Red• Golden Detroit
Planting Season• Year-round!
• But best in early March andearly July to late August
Sowing Method• Direct Seed• Hand sewn
Soil Preparation• Amend raised beds withcompost, wood ash and mycorrhizae
Seed Depth• 1/2 inch deep in furrows
Spacing• Thin at least 4 inches
apart• Maintain 10 inches between rows
• Mesh cleaning table
• Store in fridge or root cellar
• Proper cleaning is important for effective presentation and marketing
C A R R O T S
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing
• Direct seed, hand sewn
• Amend well-worked, raised beds with compost and mycorrhizae
• 1/4 inch in furrows
• Thin to 2-3 inches
Variety
Planting Season
• Red Cored Chantennay
• Mid-February through mid-March
Bed Maintenance• Overhead sprinkler system• Keep bed soil bare
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• 6-8 inches between rows; there should be 5 rows per bed
• Cosmic Purple
• Mid-August through mid-September
S W E E T P O TAT O E S
Variety• Murasaki
Planting Season
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Planting Depth
Spacing• 18 inches
• 2 to 3 inches
• 1 x 1 foot raised beds with drip tape and amended with rice hulls, mycorrhizae and mulch
• Grow slips in greenhouse from selected ‘seed’ potatoes
• Mid-May through mid-June
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• Carver• Japanese
CROP MAINTENANCE AND STORAGE
• Pull up side roots
• May be affected by scurf or voles
• Leave to cure in a warm, dry area (like greenhouse) for at least 7 days
• Store in a cool, dry place where temperatures stay above 50º
PA R S N I P S
Variety• Harris Model
Planting Season
Sowing Method
Soil Preparation
Seed Depth
Spacing• 8 inches
• 1/4 inch
• 3.5 foot wide raised, mulched bed
• Direct seed in amended mounds
• Early April - early July
SOIL PREPARATION, SPACING AND SOWING
• 3 - 4 seeds per mound
• Amend each mound with compost and mycorrhizae
Maintenance• Thin to one plant per mound
CROP STORAGE
• Pour a layer of dry sand into a 5 gallon bucket
• Place an even layer of parsnips on the sand
• Continue alternating sand and parsnips until the bucket is full
• Seal the bucket with a lid and store in a root cellar
Haruka and Jason OatisEdible Earthscapes
[email protected]://edibleearthscapes.wordpress.com
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