7/31/2019 Student Handout 8

1/4

[cjwpmyw nf qcm Ajvjdm [jdaWn}da Ijqmw fynl Qcnwm qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq ]wma Nvmy qcm Gmdq}yjmw #Wmwwjnd 3*

Wq}amdq Cbdan}q, Wmwwjnd 3 pbkm 2 nf 1

A$ @$ Lnnaz #237; 23::*,Blmyjgbd mvbdkm`jwq5Q{n cn`z {nlmd }wma qn gnlm qn lz lmmqjdkw$ Jq {bw am`jkcqf}` qn wmm qcml

qcmym, fny {cmd J imkbd qn pymbgc J gn}`a qm`` iz qcm mspymwwjnd nd qcmjy fbgmw qcmz {mympybzjdk fny lm$ Bq qcm g`nwm nf qcm Wbiibqc mvmdjdk wmyvjgmw qcmz {n}`a wbz qn lm, [m

cbvm immd pybzjdk fny zn}$J wbja, [cz andq zn} pybz fny qcm pmnp`m>Qcmz bdw{myma, Zn}dmma pn{my$J dmma pn{my, J wbja qn lzwm`f, {cz, J qcn}kcq J cba pn{my$ J cba b `bykm Wbiibqc

wgcnn`, bda qcm `bykmwq gndkymkbqjnd jd Gcjgbkn$ Qcmym {mym wnlm gndvmywjndw, bda J{bw jd b wmdwm wbqjwfjma$

I}q yjkcq b`ndk qcmwm q{n kna`z {nlmd hmpq pybzjdk fny lm, bda qcm mbydmwq qb`hbin}q qcm bdnjdqjdk fny wpmgjb` wmyvjgm wmq lm qcjdhjdk$ J bwhma qcml qn gnlm bda qb`h{jqc lm, bda {m knq an{d nd n}y hdmmw$ Qcmz pn}yma n}q qcmjy cmbyqw, qcbq J ljkcqymgmjvm qcm bdnjdqjdk nf qcm Cn`z Kcnwq$ Bda qcmym gblm b kymbq c}dkmy jdqn lz wn}`$ Jhdm{ dnq {cbq jq {bw$ J imkbd qn gyz bw dmvmy imfnym$ Qcm c}dkmy jdgymbwma$ J ymb``z fm`qqcbq J aja dnq {bdq qn `jvm bdz `ndkmy jf J gn}`a dnq cbvm qcjw pn{my fny wmyvjgm$ J hmpq ndgyzjdk b`` qcm qjlm qcbq Kna {n}`a fj`` lm {jqc Cjw Wpjyjq$

Bfqmy qcm kymbq Gcjgbkn fjym nf Ngqnimy 23;2, {cjgc amwqynzma l}gc nf Lnnazwfbgj`jqjmw fny ljdjwqyz, cm {mdq qn qcm Mbwq qn ybjwm f}daw fny ymi}j`ajdk$

Lz cmbyq {bw dnq jd qcm {nyh nf imkkjdk$ J gn}`a dnq bppmb`$ J {bw gyzjdk b`` qcmqjlm qcbq Kna {n}`a fj`` lm {jqc Cjw Wpjyjq$ [m``, ndm abz, jd qcm gjqz nf Dm{ ZnyhX{cj`m{b`hjdk an{d [b`` Wqymmq\nc, {cbq b abz"J gbddnq amwgyjim jq, J wm`anl ymfmy qn jq8 jqjw b`lnwq qnn wbgyma bd mspmyjmdgm qn dblm$ _b}` cba bd mspmyjmdgm nf {cjgc cm dmvmywpnhm fny fn}yqmmd zmbyw$ J gbd nd`z wbz qcbq Kna ymvmb`ma Cjlwm`f qn lm, bda J cba w}gcbd mspmyjmdgm nf Cjw `nvm qcbq J cba qn bwh Cjl qn wqbz Cjw cbda$

J {mdq qn pymbgcjdk bkbjd$ Qcm wmylndw {mym dnq ajffmymdq8 J aja dnq pymwmdq bdzdm{ qy}qcw, bda zmq c}daymaw {mym gndvmyqma$ J {n}`a dnq dn{ im p`bgma ibgh {cmym J{bw imfnym qcbq i`mwwma mspmyjmdgm jf zn} wcn}`a kjvm lm b`` qcm {ny ajq {n}`a im bwqcm wlb`` a}wq nf qcm ib`bdgm$

Mzm{jqdmww bggn}dq nfYnimyq Inza, zn}dk Mdk`jwclbd jd W}damy`bda, jd 23;75 Nd qcm fn``n{jdk W}dabz djkcq, {cmd J knq qn qcm ynnlw nf qcm Zn}dk Lmdw

Gcyjwqjbd Bwwngjbqjnd, J fn}da qcm lmmqjdk nd fjym$ Qcm zn}dk lmd {mym wpmbhjdk {jqcqndk}mw, pynpcmwzjdk$ [cbq nd mbyqc aja jq b`` lmbd> Nd`z qcbq Lnnaz cbw immdbaaymwwjdk qcml qcbq bfqmydnnd$

Lnnazpymbgcjdk bq Dm{ Znyh Gjqzw Cjppnaynlm, 23;65

Kna cbw knq b knna lbdz gcj`aymd {cn cbvm e}wq ibym`z knq `jfm, i}q dn pn{my fnywmyvjgm$ Qcm Cn`z Kcnwq gnljdk }pnd qcml {jqc pn{my jw ajwqjdgq bda wmpbybqm fynlgndvmywjnd$ Jf qcm Wgyjpq}ym anmwdq qmbgc jq, J bl ymbaz qn gnyymgq jq J im`jmvm {mwcn}`a bggnlp`jwc lnym jd ndm {mmh qcbd {m wcn}`a jd zmbyw jf {m cba nd`z qcjw fymwcibpqjwl$

B kymbq lbdz qcjdh imgb}wm qcmz cbvm immd fj``ma ndgm, qcmz bym knjdk qn im f}`` fnyb`` qjlm bfqmy8 i}q N, lz fyjmdaw, {m bym `mbhz vmwwm`w, bda cbvm qn im hmpq yjkcq }damyqcm fn}dqbjd b`` qcm qjlm jd nyamy qn hmmp f}``$ @mq }w hmmp dmby Cjl$

7/31/2019 Student Handout 8

2/4

[cjwpmyw nf qcm Ajvjdm [jdaWn}da Ijqmw fynl Qcnwm qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq ]wma Nvmy qcm Gmdq}yjmw #Wmwwjnd 3*

Wq}amdq Cbdan}q, Wmwwjnd 3 pbkm 9 nf 1

Lnnazw npmdjdk ymlbyhw bq b gndvngbqjnd jd Dnyqcfjm`a, Lbww$ #w}llmy 233?* fnypybzmy bda {bjqjdk }pnd qcm @nya fny b dm{ mda}mlmdq nf pn{my fynl nd cjkc5

Qcmym cbw immd l}gc jdr}jyz nf `bqm nd qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq$ Jd qcjw bda nqcmy `bdaw,

qcn}wbdaw nf pmywndw cbvm immd kjvjdk bqqmdqjnd qn qcm wq}az nf qcjw kybda qcmlm$ J cnpmjq {j`` `mba }w b`` qn pybz fny b kymbqmy lbdjfmwqbqjnd nf Cjw pn{my }pnd qcm {cn`m gc}ygcnf Kna$

Cn{ l}gc {m cbvm ajwcndnyma Cjl jd qcm pbwq" Cn{ jkdnybdq nf Cjw kybgm bda`nvm bda pymwmdgm {m cbvm immd" Qy}m, {m cbvm cmbya nf Cjl bda ymba nf Cjl, i}q {mcbvm cba `jqq`m jdqm``jkmdq hdn{`makm nf Cjw bqqyji}qmw, Cjw nffjgmw, bda Cjw ym`bqjndw qn}w$

@mq nqcmyw ymemgq, jf qcmz {j``, bq qcmjy n{d pmyj`, qcjw jlpmyjwcbi`m qy}qc$ J im`jmvm,bda bl kyn{jdk lnym jdqn qcjw im`jmf, qcbq ajvjdm, ljybg}`n}w, gymbqjvm pn{my ymwjamw jdqcm Cn`z Wpjyjq$

]d`mww Cm bqqmda qcm {nya jd pn{my, vbjd {j`` im qcm bqqmlpq jd pymbgcjdk jq$C}lbd m`nr}mdgm ny pmyw}bwjvmdmww nf wpmmgc bym qcm lmym qybppjdkw nf qcm amba$ Jf qcm`jvjdk Wpjyjq im biwmdq, qcm pynpcmq lbz pymbgc qn qcm indmw jd qcm vb``mz, i}q jq l}wq imqcm iymbqc fynl cmbvmd qcbq {j`` gb}wm qcm w`bjd qn `jvm$

Jf {m {bdq qcbq pn{my qn r}jghmd n}y fyjmdaw {cn bym amba jd wjd, {m l}wq `nnh qnKna, bda dnq im `nnhjdk qn lbd qn an jq$ Jf {m `nnh b`ndm qn ljdjwqmyw, jf {m `nnh b`ndm qnGcyjwqw ajwgjp`mw qn an qcjw {nyh, {m wcb`` im ajwbppnjdqma$ Jf {m `nnh qn qcm Wpjyjq nfKna bda mspmgq jq qn gnlm fynl Cjl bda Cjl b`ndm, qcmd {m wcb`` cndny qcm Wpjyjq, bdaqcm Wpjyjq {j`` an Cjw {nyh$

J gbddnq cm`p i}q im`jmvm qcbq qcmym bym lbdz Gcyjwqjbdw {cn {bdq qn im lnymmffjgjmdq jd qcm @nyaw wmyvjgm$ Jq jw fynl qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq qcbq {m lbz mspmgq qcjw pn{my$

Lnnazpymbgcjdk jd Inwqnd dmby qcm mda nf cjw `jfm #`bqm 23:?w*5J im`jmvm _mdqmgnwq {bw i}q b wpmgjlmd abz$ J qcjdh qcm gc}ygc cbw lbam qcjw

{nmf}` ljwqbhm qcbq _mdqmgnwq {bw b ljybg`m dnq qn im ympmbqma$

Gcby`mw Cbaand Wp}ykmnd #2371 23:9*,Iyjqjwc Ibpqjwq, qcm _yjdgm nf_ymbgcmyw5

[jqcn}q qcm Wpjyjq nf Kna {m gbd an dnqcjdk$ [m bym bw wcjpw {jqcn}q {jda nygcbyjnqw {jqcn}q wqmmaw$ @jhm iybdgcmw {jqcn}q wbp, {m bym {jqcmyma$ @jhm gnb`w {jqcn}qfjym, {m bym }wm`mww$

Wpmbhjdk qn pymbgcmyw5

Qy}m pybzmy jw pybzjdk jd qcm Cn`z Kcnwq #E}am 259?*$ Qcm Wpjyjq lbhmw bdbqlnwpcmym byn}da mvmyz `jvjdk pybzmy8 {jqcjd qcbq gjyg`m, pybzmy `jvmw bda pymvbj`w8n}qwjam nf jq, pybzmy jw b amba fnylb`jqz$

_}q n}q qn wmb jd cn`z mdqmypyjwm {cmd qcm cmbvmd`z {jda jw {jqc zn}$ Qbhm qcmwbgyma qjam bq jqw f`nna$ Lmmqjdkw wcn}`a im jdgymbwma {cmd zn} fmm` qcm Wpjyjq nf Kna jwi`mwwjdk qcml$ Qcm qy}qc wcn}`a im pymwwma cnlm lnym mbydmwq`z qcbd mvmy {cmd qcm@nya jw npmdjdk mbyw bda cmbyqw qn bggmpq jq$ Zn} {j`` wnnd hdn{ {cmd qcmym jw am{bin}q8 pyjum qcm kybgjn}w vjwjqbqjnd$

7/31/2019 Student Handout 8

3/4

[cjwpmyw nf qcm Ajvjdm [jdaWn}da Ijqmw fynl Qcnwm qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq ]wma Nvmy qcm Gmdq}yjmw #Wmwwjnd 3*

Wq}amdq Cbdan}q, Wmwwjnd 3 pbkm 7 nf 1

B$ E$ Knyand #2376 23:=*,Ibpqjwq ljdjwqmy jd Inwqnd, fn}damy nf KnyandGn``mkm5

Qcm angqyjdm nf }djvmywb`jwl lbjdqbjdw qcbq wjdgm Kna kbvm Cjw Wnd qn qcm {ny`a,

b`` qcm {ny`a cbw qcm Wnd, gndwgjn}w`z ny }dgndwgjn}w`z, bda qcmymfnym b`` qcm {ny`a {j``im wbvma$ Jq dmma dnq im wbja qcbq b qy}m mvbdkm`jgb` qmbgcjdk l}wq ymemgq qcjw qcmnyz bw}qqmy`z }dqmdbi`m, wjdgm jq jkdnymw qcm dmgmwwjqz nf jdajvja}b` fbjqc jd Gcyjwq$ I}q wnlmnyqcnans {yjqmyw cbvm }ykma bd b`lnwq jamdqjgb` vjm{ {jqc ymwpmgq qn qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq$Qcmz cbvm gndqmdama qcbq qcm mda}mlmdq nf qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq jw dnq bdz wpmgjb` ny lnymbavbdgma mspmyjmdgm, i}q wjlp`z qcm gndajqjnd nf mvmyzndm {cn jw b gcj`a nf Kna, qcbqim`jmvmyw gndvmyqma bfqmy _mdqmgnwq bym e}wq bw ymb``z mdan{ma {jqc qcm jda{m``jdkWpjyjq bw qcnwm {cn bgq}b``z pbyqnnh nf qcm _mdqmgnwqb` i`mwwjdk bq Emy}wb`ml$

Nd qcm gndqybyz, jq wmmlw g`mby fynl qcm Wgyjpq}ymw qcbq jq jw wqj`` qcm a}qz bdapyjvj`mkm nf im`jmvmyw qn ymgmjvm qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq iz b gndwgjn}w, amfjdjqm bgq nfbppynpyjbqjdk fbjqc, e}wq bw qcmz ymgmjvma Emw}w Gcyjwq$

Wbl}m` Gcba{jgh #236? 2:79*,Iyjqjwc Lmqcnajwq pbwqny bda mvbdkm`jwq,bfqmy i}ydjdk cjw mby`z wmylnd dnqmw5

J gn}`a dnq msp`bjd {cbq cba cbppmdma, i}q jq {bw b ijkkmy qcjdk qcbd J cba mvmyhdn{d$ Qcmym gblm jdqn lz wn}` b ammp pmbgm, b qcyj``jdk enz, bda b dm{ wmdwm nf pn{my$Lz ljda {bw r}jghmdma$ J fm`q J cba ymgmjvma b dm{ fbg}`qz nf }damywqbdajdk$ Mvmyzpn{my {bw vjqb`juma$

Fynl Gcba{jghw fbln}w innh5 Qcm [bz qn _mdqmgnwqQcm {nyh nf Kna jw dnq iz ljkcq nf lmd ny iz qcm pn{my nf lmd i}q iz cjw Wpjyjq$ Jq

jw iz cjl qcm qy}qc gndvjgqw bda gndvmyqw, wbdgqjfjmw bda wbvmw$ Qcm pcj`nwnpcjmw nf lmdfbj`, i}q qcm [nya nf Kna jd qcm amlndwqybqjnd nf qcm Wpjyjq pymvbj`w$ N}y {bdqw bymlbdz, bda n}y fb}`qw jdd}lmybi`m, i}q qcmz bym b`` gnlpymcmdama jd n}y `bgh nf qcmCn`z Kcnwq$ [m {bdq dnqcjdk i}q qcm fjym$

Gnllmdq nd qcm gc}ygc nf cjw abz5Qcm ymlmaz jw dnq jd ympynbgc bda ijqqmydmww i}q jd f`nnaw bda yjvmyw, {jdaw bda

w}d$ Qcm bdw{my jw jd qcm amlndwqybqjnd nf b w}pmydbq}yb` ym`jkjnd, bda qcm nd`z {bz qn bw}pmydbq}yb` ym`jkjnd jw jd qcm bijajdk pymwmdgm nf qcm Wpjyjq nf Kna$

[yjqjdk bin}q Bgqw 95Qcbq {cjgc cbppmdma bq _mdqmgnwq jw qcm ijkkmwq qcjdk qcbq mvmy cbppmdma$ Bda

dn{ qcm ijkkmwq r}mwqjnd nf b`` jw, cbw jq cbppmdma qn zn} bda lm> Cbvm {m ymgmjvma qcmCn`z Kcnwq>

7/31/2019 Student Handout 8

4/4

[cjwpmyw nf qcm Ajvjdm [jdaWn}da Ijqmw fynl Qcnwm qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq ]wma Nvmy qcm Gmdq}yjmw #Wmwwjnd 3*

Wq}amdq Cbdan}q, Wmwwjnd 3 pbkm 1 nf 1

Encd LbgDmj`, B}wqyb`jbd _ymwizqmyjbd mvbdkm`jwq, {yjqjdk jd 23:15Mkzpq b`{bzw cbw qcm Dj`m, bw wnlmndm cbw wbja, i}q Mkzpq {bjqw mvmyz zmby fny jqw

nvmyf`n{$ Dn{ jq jw qcm Dj`mw nvmyf`n{ qcbq jw Mkzpqw wb`vbqjnd, bda qn nvmyf`n{ jql}wq im fj``ma$ Wn jq jw qcm Gcyjwqjbdw nvmyf`n{ qcbq jw qcm {ny`aw wb`vbqjnd, bda jd nyamy

qn cbvm qcm nvmyf`n{ qcmym l}wq fjywq im qcm fj``jdk$

J bl blbuma bq b lbd `jhm zn} knjdk qn qcmwm gndvmdqjndw, wbja b lbd qn cjwljdjwqmy ndgm$ [cbq dm{ qcjdk gbd qcmwm gndvmdqjnd wpmbhmyw qm`` zn}> Jq jw b`` jd qcmDm{ Qmwqblmdq$

Zmw, cm ymp`jma, qcbqw qcm qyn}i`m8 bda {m cbvm `mfq qcmwm qcjdkw jd qcm Dm{Qmwqblmdq8 {cmymbw {m {bdq qn kmq qcml n}q nf qcm Dm{ Qmwqblmdq bda jdqn n}y cmbyqwbda `jvmw$

Qcn}kc `jfm imkjdw bq qcm gynww, wmyvjgm anmw dnq imkjd qj`` _mdqmgnwq$ Dn _mdqmgnwq,dn wmyvjgm{nyqcz nf qcm dblm"

Dmsq qjlm nffjgmw bym qn im fj``ma jd zn}y gc}ygc, {cmqcmy qcmz cbvm qn an {jqc qcmqmlpnyb` bffbjyw ny {jqc qcm wpjyjq}b`, ymlmlimy bpnwqn jg bavjgm, @nnh zm n}q fynlblndk zn} lmd f}`` nf qcm Wpjyjq$ [cmd {m kmq ibgh jd qcjw lbqqmy qn bpnwqn`jg pybgqjgm,{m lbz cnpm qn kmq ibgh bpnwqn`jg i`mwwjdk, i}q dnq qj`` qcmd$

@mq }w kmq ibgh qn _mdqmgnwqb` lmqcnaw$ Qcm qyn}i`m jw qcbq qcm gc}ygcmw cbvm `nwqqcmjy {bz qn qcbq }ppmy ynnl$ @mq b gc}ygc nd`z fjda cmy {bz ibgh qcmym bda niqbjd cmy_mdqmgnwq8 `mq p}`pjq bda pm{ im ibpqjuma {jqc qcm Cn`z Kcnwqbda {jqc fjym, bda qcmpmnp`m {j`` gnlm y}ddjdk jd qn wmm qcm i}ydjdk$

Y$ B$ Qnyymz #23=6

2:93*,pynqk nf Lnnaz, fjywq w}pmyjdqmdamdq nf LnnazIji`m Jdwqjq}qm5

Qcm ibpqjwl {jqc qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq jw b amfjdjqm mspmyjmdgm nf {cjgc ndm lbz bdan}kcq qn hdn{ {cmqcmy cm cbw ymgmjvma jq ny dnq$

B lbd lbz im ymkmdmybqma iz qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq bda wqj`` dnq im ibpqjuma {jqc qcmCn`z Wpjyjq$ Jd ymkmdmybqjnd, qcmym jw qcm jlpbyqbqjnd nf `jfm iz qcm Wpjyjqw pn{my, bdaqcm ndm {cn ymgmjvmw jq jw wbvma5 jd qcm ibpqjwl {jqc qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq, qcmym jw qcmjlpbyqbqjnd nf pn{my, bda qcm ndm {cn ymgmjvmw jq jw fjqqma fny wmyvjgm$

Qcm ibpqjwl {jqc qcm Cn`z Wpjyjq jw dnq pyjlbyj`z jdqmdama qn lbhm im jmvmyw

cbppz, i}q qn lbhm qcml }wmf}`$