Stroke by: Katarina Batinjan Mentor: A. Ž mega č Horvat.
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Transcript of Stroke by: Katarina Batinjan Mentor: A. Ž mega č Horvat.
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Stroke by: Katarina Batinjan Mentor: A. Žmegač Horvat
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CVA - medical emergency can cause permanent
neurological damage, complications and death
in the western world - second most common cause of death and disability
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Risk factors for stroke include: advanced age hypertension *previous stroke diabetes high cholesterol cigarette smoking
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Three types:
thromboticembolic ischemichemorrhagic
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Thrombotic stroke
ischemic stroke caused by thrombosis
a thrombus (blood clot) usually forms around atherosclerotic plaques
causes occlusion of the vessel
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Large vessel disease - atherosclerosis - inflammatory diseases
(Takayasu arteritis, giant cell arteritis, vasculitis...)
Small vessel disease - branches of the circle of
Wilisi, middle cerebral artery ...
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What type of anemia can we associate with thrombotic stroke?
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Sickle cell anemia
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Diagnosis neurological examination
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CT scans MRI scansDoppler ultrasoundarteriography
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Treatment removing blood clot from the vessel by breaking clot
fast reaction → blood flow
restored → smaller number of brain cells die
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How can we break a clot?
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thrombectomy - mechanical
thrombolysis – using drugs
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Epidemiology
stroke could soon be the most common cause of death worldwide
"stroke belt" in southeastern U S
95% of strokes occur in people age 45+, and two-thirds of strokes occur in the over-65 group
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men 1.25 times more likely to suffer strokes than women
previous stroke increases risk of future stroke
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How can we prevent stroke?
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Primary prevention - stop smoking, exercise...
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Secondary prevention - anticoagulation drugs
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References
www.wikipedia.org
Medical English handout (Chabner)
www.healthline.com