Storage Myra
Transcript of Storage Myra
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STORAGE-
Fibre Channel
Reporter:
Myra Marcelo
MS-ICT
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Introduction
Fibre Channel Architecture
Fibre Channel Topology
Summary
Reports Outline
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Introduction
DEFINITION
Fibre channel is a technology standard that enables
data transfers between systems at extremely high
speed, primarily used for storage networking. It wasstarted in 1988, with ANSI standard approval in 1994
It started use primarily in the supercomputer field,
but has become the standard connection type for
Storage Area Network(SAN) in enterprise storage.
Despite its name, Fibre Channel signaling can run on
both twisted pair copper wire and fiber optics cable.
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Introduction
Advantages
Serial transmission for high speed and long
distances
Low rate of transmission errors
Low delay (latency) of the transmitted data
High performance for large data transfers byusing simple transport protocols
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Fibre Channel Architecture
Fibre Channel architecture is broken up into
five years layers.
As in the ISO-OSI model, Fibre Channel layers
are arranged in a manner that enables layer-
wise development.
The five layers of Fibre Channel can be
mapped to the ISO-OSI model
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Fibre Channel Architecture
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Fibre Channel Architecture
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 0-Physical Interface and Media
Defines the physical link in the system,
including the physical media, such as cabling,
connectors and transmission rates.
Designed for a maximum flexibility and
enables the use of a large number of
technologies
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 1-Transmission Protocol
It provides the methods for adaptive 8B/10B
encoding to max. length of the code,
maintains DC Balance and provides word
alignment.
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2-Framing and Signaling protocol
Primary function of the layer is to specify data
transmission methodologies/mechanism that
are independent of the upper layer protocols.
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2
Set of rules to frame the data;
Ordered set- consist of 4 byte transmissionwhich contains data and special characters.
The primary function is to obtain bit and word
synchronization and establish a word
boundary.
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2
Set of rules to frame the data;
Frame-basic components of a Fibre Channel. Itcontains the actual information to be
transmitted. It also holds additional
information such as the address of the source
and destination ports and link control
information.
l
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2
Set of rules to frame the data;
Sequence-is formed by set of frames that aretransported unidirectional from one port to
another. In a sequence all the frames are
numbered with sequence count.
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2
Set of rules to frame the data;
Exchange-determined for a single operations in
terms of one or more non-concurrent sequences. An
exchange could be unidirectional or bidirectional.
Only one sequence in an exchange can be active at
any given moment. However, multiple sequences
from different exchanges can be active
simultaneously
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 2
Set of rules to frame the data;
Protocol-specific to the higher layer servicesFC 2 control process helps to pace the flow of
frames between two ports and between ports
and Fabric. The flow control is dependent on
the service classes
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 3-Common Services
Defines the functions that span multiple ports
on a single node. It provides functions that
enabled advanced features to be used on a
node. Functions that currently supported
include:
> Hunt Group
> Striping
> Multicast
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 4
Defines the application interfaces that can be
executed over Fibre Channel.
Specifies the mapping rules for the Upper
layer protocols
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Fibre Channel Architecture
FC 4-Upper Layer Protocol Mapping
The highest layer, provides the application-
specific protocols.
Fibre Channel is equally adept at transporting
both network and channel information and
allows both protocol types to be concurrently
transported over the same physical interface.
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Fibre Channel Classes
Class 1
A dedicated connection source and destination is established throughthe fabric for the duration of the transmission.
It provides acknowledged service
Ensures that the frames are received by the destination device in the
same order in which they are sent, and reserves full bandwidth for the
connection between the devices.
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Fibre Channel Classes
Class 2
It is a connection less, acknowledged service.It makes better use of available bandwidth since it allows the fabric to
multiplex several messages on a frame-by-frame basis.
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Fibre Channel Classes
Class 3
It optimizes the use of fabric resources, but it is now upper layer protocol to
ensure that all frames are received in the proper order and to request to the
source device the retransmission of missing frames.
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Fibre Channel Topology
FIBRE CHANNEL
COMPONENTS
Copper Cables
4 kinds of CopperCable are defined in the
Fibre Channel :
Broadband, twisted pair,twin ax, and Base Band
cables
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Fibre Channel Topology
FIBRE CHANNEL
COMPONENTS
Disk Enclosure
Permit hot swapping of
disks. If disk is not
present ,the circuit
automatically close theloop, when it is inserted,
the loop is opened to
accommodate the disk
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Fibre Channel Topology
FIBRE CHANNEL
COMPONENTS
Multimode cable
Cable that is dominant
for short distances of 2
km or less. It allows light
to enter the cable inmultiple modes including
straight at different
angles
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Fibre Channel Topology
FIBRE CHANNEL
COMPONENTS
Gigabit Interface
Converter (GBIC)
GBIC and media
interface converters plug
into the copper interfaceand convert it to an
optical interface.
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Fibre Channel Topology
FIBRE CHANNEL
COMPONENTS
Host Bus Adapters
(HBA)
HBA uses PCI bus and
has an integrated
component that handlesall the Fibre Channel
protocol processing
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Fibre Channel Topology
Point-to-Point Topology
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Fibre Channel Topology
Arbitrated Topology
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Fibre Channel Topology
Switch Topology/ Fabric
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Summary
Fibre Channel is designed to meet the highdata transfer speed requirements of storageenvironments
Fibre Channel combines best advantages ofthe existing systems and provides datachannel characteristics and networkingcapabilities
With Fibre Channel data can now betransported over longer distances.
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Summary
Fibre Channel architecture is divided into five
layers. Each layer controls an aspect of data
transfer.
Fibre Channel also provides a set of options or
classes of service, which enables different
types of connection.
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Summary
Fibre Channel provides three base topologies:
point to point, arbitrated loop and switched.
These topologies can be mixed and matched
to provide the ideal setup for yourorganization.
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Summary
Fibre Channel has made it possible for data
storage to be externalized and has enables the
connection of data centers to provide a truly
heterogeneous, high performance and reliablestorage network
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