Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1....

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Transcript of Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1....

Page 1: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.
Page 2: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Steps to Writing Reactions• Some steps for doing reactions

1. Identify the type of reaction

1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction

2. Write the correct formula of the compounds

1. Balance the equation

Page 3: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Seven Diatomic elements

Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer! For example, Oxygen is O2 as an element.

H2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2

Memorize this list!

Page 4: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Notation used to show physical state of substances:(s) solid, such as metals

(l) liquid, like water!

(g) gas, like hydrogen

(aq) aqueous, dissolved in water

Memorize these!

Page 5: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Single replacement reactions

Page 6: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Single Replacement Reactions• Single Replacement Reactions occur when one

element replaces another in a compound.

A metal can replace a metal (the positive ions trade places)

ORa nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (the negative ion

trades).

• element + compound element + compound A + BY AY + B (if A is a metal)

ORX + BY BX + Y (if X is a nonmetal)

(remember the cation always goes first!)

Page 7: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Activity Series:

Page 8: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Single Replacement Reactions

Page 9: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Single Replacement Reactions• Write and balance the following single

replacement reaction equation:• Zinc metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric

acid

Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Note: Zinc replaces the hydrogen ion in the reaction

2

Page 10: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Single Replacement ReactionsSodium bromide solid reacts with chlorine gas NaBr(aq) + Cl2(g) NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)

Note that chlorine replaces bromine in the compound

• Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq)

Copper DOES NOT reaction with aqueous aluminum nitrate. Copper is below aluminum on the activity series.

Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq)

2 2

No Reaction

Page 11: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals:Most react with acid solutions to produce a salt and

hydrogen gas.Ex: Mg(s) + HCl(aq) MgCl2 + H2(g)

You try:Li(s) + H2SO4(aq)

Memorize the following acids: hydrochloric acid HCl Sulfuric acid H2SO4

Nitric acid HNO3 Phosphoric acid H3PO4

Page 12: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Alkali metals and alkaline earth metalsMany of them are active metals that react

with water and produce a base and hydrogen gas:

Ex: 2 Li(s) + 2 H2O(l) 2 LiOH(aq) + H2(g)

Hint: Water is HOH!

You try:Ca(s) + HOH(l)

Page 13: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Alkali Metals and Alkaline Earth metalsActive metals replace the metallic ions in

solution to produce a salt and the other metal.

Ex: Mg(s) + CuCl2(aq) MgCl2(aq) + Cu(s)

Your turn:Mg(s) + ZnCl2(aq)

Page 14: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Halogens:More active halogens replace less active

halides in single replacement reactions.

F > Cl > Br > I (The same order as the periodic table)

Example:MgBr2(s) + Cl2(g) MgCl2(s) + Br2(l)

Try: NaBr(s) + I2(g)

NO REACTION!

Page 15: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Practice1. Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq)

1. Au(s) + HCl(aq)

Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq)

Cl2(aq) + CaBr2(aq)

Fe(s) + HNO3(aq)

1. Na(s) + H2O(l)

Page 16: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

Answers: Check your work!1. Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + H2(g)

1. Au(s) + HCl(aq) No reaction

1. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)

2. Cl2(aq) + CaBr2(aq) Br2(aq) + CaCl2(aq)

1. Fe(s) + 2 HNO3(aq) H2(g) + Fe(NO3)2(aq)

1. 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

Page 17: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

More practice – answers on the next slide.1. Al(s) + H2SO4(aq)

1. Ca(s) + HCl(aq)

Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)

F2(aq) + LiBr(aq)

Mg(s) + HNO3(aq)

1. Ca(s) + H2O(l)

1. Cl2(aq) + AlBr3(aq)

Page 18: Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction 2. Write the correct.

1. 2Al(s) + 3 H2SO4(aq) 2 H2 (g) + Al2(SO4)3(aq)

1. Ca(s) + 2 HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2(g)

1. Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq) no reaction

2. F2(aq) + LiBr(aq) LiF(aq) + Br2(aq)

1. Mg(s) +2 HNO3(aq) Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2(g)

1. Ca(s) + 2 H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

1. Cl2(aq) + AlBr3(aq) AlCl3(s) + Br2(aq)