Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1....
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Transcript of Steps to Writing Reactions Some steps for doing reactions 1. Identify the type of reaction 1....
Steps to Writing Reactions• Some steps for doing reactions
1. Identify the type of reaction
1. Predict the product(s) of the reaction
2. Write the correct formula of the compounds
1. Balance the equation
Seven Diatomic elements
Have No Fear Of Ice Cold Beer! For example, Oxygen is O2 as an element.
H2, N2, F2, O2, I2, Cl2, Br2
Memorize this list!
Notation used to show physical state of substances:(s) solid, such as metals
(l) liquid, like water!
(g) gas, like hydrogen
(aq) aqueous, dissolved in water
Memorize these!
Single replacement reactions
Single Replacement Reactions• Single Replacement Reactions occur when one
element replaces another in a compound.
A metal can replace a metal (the positive ions trade places)
ORa nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (the negative ion
trades).
• element + compound element + compound A + BY AY + B (if A is a metal)
ORX + BY BX + Y (if X is a nonmetal)
(remember the cation always goes first!)
Activity Series:
Single Replacement Reactions
Single Replacement Reactions• Write and balance the following single
replacement reaction equation:• Zinc metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric
acid
Zn(s) + HCl(aq) ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Note: Zinc replaces the hydrogen ion in the reaction
2
Single Replacement ReactionsSodium bromide solid reacts with chlorine gas NaBr(aq) + Cl2(g) NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)
Note that chlorine replaces bromine in the compound
• Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate Al(s)+ Cu(NO3)2(aq)
Copper DOES NOT reaction with aqueous aluminum nitrate. Copper is below aluminum on the activity series.
Cu(s)+ Al(NO3)3(aq)
2 2
No Reaction
Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals:Most react with acid solutions to produce a salt and
hydrogen gas.Ex: Mg(s) + HCl(aq) MgCl2 + H2(g)
You try:Li(s) + H2SO4(aq)
Memorize the following acids: hydrochloric acid HCl Sulfuric acid H2SO4
Nitric acid HNO3 Phosphoric acid H3PO4
Alkali metals and alkaline earth metalsMany of them are active metals that react
with water and produce a base and hydrogen gas:
Ex: 2 Li(s) + 2 H2O(l) 2 LiOH(aq) + H2(g)
Hint: Water is HOH!
You try:Ca(s) + HOH(l)
Alkali Metals and Alkaline Earth metalsActive metals replace the metallic ions in
solution to produce a salt and the other metal.
Ex: Mg(s) + CuCl2(aq) MgCl2(aq) + Cu(s)
Your turn:Mg(s) + ZnCl2(aq)
Halogens:More active halogens replace less active
halides in single replacement reactions.
F > Cl > Br > I (The same order as the periodic table)
Example:MgBr2(s) + Cl2(g) MgCl2(s) + Br2(l)
Try: NaBr(s) + I2(g)
NO REACTION!
Practice1. Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq)
1. Au(s) + HCl(aq)
Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq)
Cl2(aq) + CaBr2(aq)
Fe(s) + HNO3(aq)
1. Na(s) + H2O(l)
Answers: Check your work!1. Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) MgSO4(aq) + H2(g)
1. Au(s) + HCl(aq) No reaction
1. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
2. Cl2(aq) + CaBr2(aq) Br2(aq) + CaCl2(aq)
1. Fe(s) + 2 HNO3(aq) H2(g) + Fe(NO3)2(aq)
1. 2 Na(s) + 2 H2O(l) 2 NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
More practice – answers on the next slide.1. Al(s) + H2SO4(aq)
1. Ca(s) + HCl(aq)
Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq)
F2(aq) + LiBr(aq)
Mg(s) + HNO3(aq)
1. Ca(s) + H2O(l)
1. Cl2(aq) + AlBr3(aq)
1. 2Al(s) + 3 H2SO4(aq) 2 H2 (g) + Al2(SO4)3(aq)
1. Ca(s) + 2 HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) + H2(g)
1. Cu(s) + ZnSO4(aq) no reaction
2. F2(aq) + LiBr(aq) LiF(aq) + Br2(aq)
1. Mg(s) +2 HNO3(aq) Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2(g)
1. Ca(s) + 2 H2O(l) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)
1. Cl2(aq) + AlBr3(aq) AlCl3(s) + Br2(aq)