Regional E-waste Monitor 2016: East and South East Asia

Step Webinar

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Shunichi Honda, United Nations Environment Programme

Deepali Sinha Khetriwal, United Nations University

Ruediger Kuehr, United Nations University

The First Regional Monitor

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

A Comprehensive Study on E-waste in East and Southeast Asia

Identification of E-waste management status

Comparison among different approach for E-waste management

http://ewastemonitor.info/

Why East and South Asia?

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Large & growing population

Increasing per capita incomes

Past Projects on E-waste in the East and Southeast Asian

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Basel Convention Partnership on the Environmentally Sound Management of E-waste for Asia-Pacific Region

Asian Network for Prevention of Illegal Transboundary Movement of Hazardous Wastes

Desk Study on the environmentally sound management of hazardous wastes including E-waste in Asia

International E-waste Management Network

Environmentally sound technologies for E-waste management

Annual workshop on E-waste management

Overview of E-waste Management in East & Southeast Asia

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Quantification and Assessment Methodologies

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Inventory Method 1: Country Assessments under the

Asia E-waste Project

Method 2: National E-waste Inventories under UNU Projects

Method 3: National E-waste Inventories under Other Projects

Transboundary Shipments the Basel Convention national reporting data

E-waste Arising

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Large volume of e-waste generated

Increasing per capita e-waste generated

Large differences between countries

E-waste Arising

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Current status of E-waste management

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

E-waste legislation National legislation with Extend Producer Responsibility

E-waste collection, treatment and recycling 1. Collection: by retailers, collection points in municipalities,

by informal collectors; 2. Dismantling and depollution: Manual process 3. Sorting and separation: Manual or mechanical means 4. Material and energy recovery: Secondary material and

energy source

Common issues and challenges

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Increasing volumes Improper and illegal dumping Open burring

Backyard acid baths Occupational and community health Competition between informal and

formal sectors

Transboundary movements Regulation and enforcement System financing

E-waste management system matrix and types

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Type 1 Advance mechanism

Strong legal framework for e-waste Established and functional collection and recycling infrastructure High environmental health and safety standards.

Type 2 Voluntary initiative

Private sector initiative, including take-back programme E-waste management in the absence of a legal framework for e-waste

Type 3 In transition

Nascent legal framework that is still being tested Collection and processing infrastructure involving a mix of formal and informal actors,

Type 4 Informal initiative

Informal sector for collection, recycling and disposal of e-waste No established legal framework

E-waste Management Status

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

Type 1 Advanced Mechanism Japan, Taiwan and South Korea

0

500.000

1.000.000

1.500.000

2.000.000

2.500.000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Japan-Big 6 South Korea - Big 6 Taiwan- Big 6 Japan - Total South Korea - Total Taiwan - Total

Population (million)

GDP per capita (USD)

E-waste per capita (kg)

E-waste management

Japan 127 38,142 17.3 Home Appliance Recycling Law, Law for Recycling of Small Electronic Appliances, etc

Taiwan 23 22,002 18.6 4-in-1 Recycling Program, Recycling Management Fund

South Korea

49 28,739 15.9 Act on the Resource Circulation of Electrical and Electronic Equipment and Vehicles

tonn

es

Type 2 Voluntary Initiative Singapore, Hong Kong

Population (million)

GDP per capita (USD)

E-waste per capita (kg)

E-waste management

Singapore 5.4 55,568 19.5 Voluntary partnership (REcycling Nations Electronic Waste, Project Homecoming, etc)

Hong Kong 7.1 40,175 21.7 Voluntary programs (WEEE Recycling Program, the Computer Recycling Program, etc)

0

20.000

40.000

60.000

80.000

100.000

120.000

140.000

160.000

180.000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Singapore-Big 6 Hong Kong - Big 6 Singapore - Total Hong Kong - Total

tonn

es

Type 3 In transition China, Malaysia, the Philippines and Vietnam

Population (million)

GDP per capita (USD)

E-waste per capita (kg)

E-waste management

China 1,300 7,333 4.4 Channelization of e-waste to formal sector

Malaysia 29.62 10,000 7.8 E-waste as part of hazardous waste under the law

Philippines 107 2,935 1.3 Informal/secondhand markets

Vietnam 92.5 2,073 1.3 Take back of EOL electronics pursuant to a newly adopted decision

0

1.000.000

2.000.000

3.000.000

4.000.000

5.000.000

6.000.000

7.000.000

8.000.000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

China -Big 6 Malaysia - Big 6 Philippines - Big 6 Vietnam - Big 6

China - Total Malaysia - Total Philippines - Total Vietnam - Total

tonn

es

Type 4 Informal Initiative Cambodia, Indonesia and Thailand with Type 2

Population (million)

GDP per capita (USD)

E-waste per capita (kg)

E-waste management

Cambodia 15.2 1,108 1.1 Informal sector

Indonesia 251 3,404 2.9 Informal sector and some voluntary programes by international producers

Thailand 68.5 5,450 6.1 Informal sector and some formal sectors

0

100.000

200.000

300.000

400.000

500.000

600.000

700.000

800.000

900.000

1.000.000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Cambodia -Big 6 Indonesia - Big 6 Thailand - Big 6

Cambodia - Total Indonesia - Total Thailand - Total

tonn

es

Findings

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar

E-waste in East and Southeast Asia jumps 63% in 5 Years (12.3 million tonnes in 2015)

Lack infrastructure for environmentally sound e-waste management, but the increasing volumes are a cause for concern

Common practices such as open burning, which can cause acute and chronic ill-effects on public health and the environment

Needs of a holistic approach to waste management, taking into account many factors, such as a country’s socio-economic development, governance structures environmental awareness and health and safety standards, etc.

Thank you!

Regional E-waste Monitor: East and South East Asia Webinar