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Statutory Budget Laboratory Upgrade and/or New Facilities

Process - 2008

Contents

1. Introduction ...................................................................................................... 1

2. Laboratory Upgrade Process .......................................................................... 2

3. Identifying Areas Requiring Upgrading ........................................................... 3

4. Generating a Property Services Request ....................................................... 5

5. Prioritising the upgrades .................................................................................. 5

6. MAF Audits and Corrective Actions ................................................................ 7

7. Critical Issues................................................................................................... 7

8. New Laboratories............................................................................................. 7

9. Items Covered by the Statutory Budget .......................................................... 8

10. Reporting requirements ............................................................................... 9

Appendix 1: Audit Tool ......................................................................................... 10

Appendix 2: Laboratory Facilities Standards ....................................................... 12

1. Introduction This process is to be used for Physical Containment (PC) for microbiological, plant, vertebrate and invertebrate facilities, Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act (HSNO) Exempt Laboratories, and Radiation Laboratory upgrades. It is recognised that there are significant areas within the University that require upgrading to meet the requirements for the safe and compliant operation of facilities, however it is not possible or practicable to upgrade all areas at once. Therefore a process to identify and prioritise risk areas and areas of non-compliance is required.

2008 Key Changes: Development of the University of Otago Laboratory Directory All laboratory areas within the University of Otago must be categorised as per this document to qualify for application for upgrading of facilities. There is a master laboratory directory held by the H&S Manager updated annually by the DLMs. Any new facilities can be added to this document as required. This directory has been provided to Property Services and compliance persons within the Departments (DLMs, Sector Managers, and Radiation Licensees). Risk, Ethics and Statutory Compliance Committee Directive At the Risk, Ethics and Statutory Compliance Committee meeting 5 December, it was noted that all laboratory plans (new, altered or upgraded) must be signed off by the IBSC, HSRC, Animal Welfare Director and Radiation Safety Advisor as appropriate prior to commencement of work. To meet this requirement, the statutory budget working group is proposed to become the Statutory Budget Prioritising Committee, reporting to HSRC and IBSC.

Statutory Budget Laboratory Upgrade and/or New Facilities Process - 2008

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2. Laboratory Upgrade Process The key components of this process are:

1. Identify areas that require upgrading; 2. Generating a Property Services request; 3. Prioritising the upgrades; 4. Statutory Budget items and responsibilities, and 5. Reporting requirements to provide a transparent process and feedback to

departments of the statutory upgrade process. This process is summarised in the flowchart below and detailed in the following sections:

Lab audit

Building/lab facilities non-compliance identified

Facility meets required standards

Retain audit sheet as

record. Generate Property

Services Request form for required work

Attach copy of audit form to request form and forward to Property Services

Forward copy of audit sheet with request number to H&S office for stat budget spread sheet

Property Services procedures for work to be completed.

Prioritising group will monitor and prioritise significant works.

Any work requiring additional assessment or major upgrades will be flagged at the prioritising meeting.


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3. Identifying Areas Requiring Upgrading

PC Microbiological Laboratories: Sector Managers have been appointed for each sector within the Containment and Transitional Facility for Micro-organisms and Uncleared Biological Products. Only those laboratories identified in the current Containment and Quarantine Manual are considered a part of the Containment and Transitional Facility, and listed on the Laboratory Directory. For each Sector, each identified laboratory will need to be audited. The improvements required to meet the standard will be funded by the Statutory Budget upgrade process. The audit sheet is attached as an appendix (Appendix 1) to this document. The laboratories will be registered as PC1 or PC2 laboratories, required to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3:2002 and the MAF Biosecurity NZ and ERMA NZ Standard - Facilities for Micro-organisms and Cell Cultures: 2007. Plant Containment Laboratories: Sector Mangers have been appointed for each sector within the Plant Facility. Those laboratories listed in the current manual are considered part of the plant facility. The laboratories are registered as PC1 or PC2 laboratories and their location is documented in the Plant Facility Manual. For each Sector, each identified laboratory will need to be audited. The improvements required to meet the standard will form the work to come under the Statutory Budget upgrade process. The standard for these laboratories is the same as for PC1/PC2 microbiological with the addition that any outlets must be screened from insects at the containment boundary e.g. windows, ceiling vents. They are required to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3:2002 and MAF 155-04-09 Standard Containment Facilities for New Organisms (including genetically modified organisms) of Plant Species. Vertebrate Containment and Transitional Facilities: A Sector Manager for Vertebrate Laboratory Animals (VLA) has been appointed, in compliance with legislative requirements. The VLA containment and transitional facilities are spread across the city campus and include the unit at the Taieri farm on Factory Rd Mosgiel. Only those facilities identified in the containment manual are considered part of the Containment and Transitional Facilities. Each VLA facility will need to be audited. The improvements required to meet the VLA standard will be funded by the Statutory Budget upgrade process. The improvements required to meet the standard will form the work to come under the Statutory Budget upgrade process. The laboratories will be registered as PC1 or PC2 laboratories, required to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3:2002 and MAF 154-03-03 Vertebrate Laboratory Animals Standard. Invertebrate Containment and Transitional Facilities: The laboratories will be registered as PC1 or PC2 laboratories, required to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3:2002 and MAF 154-02-08 Invertebrate Standard. The requirements for invertebrate facilities are very specific and will be managed on a case by case basis by the Prioritising Group with specialist advisors as required.


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Clinical areas: Under AS/NZS 2243.2:2002 3.3 Diagnostic Specimens, it is identified that specimens from humans or animals would normally be regarded as Risk Group 2 and are required to be handled in PC2 facilities. This applies to all areas where the collection or handling of animal or human specimens is required. These areas are not part of the containment facility but are required to be of PC2 standard. These areas are referred to as Clinical Areas. Examples are blood collection areas for research and teaching outside of the laboratory setting, Dental Clinics and the like. The improvements required to meet the standard will form the work to come under the Statutory Budget upgrade process. HSNO Exempt Laboratories: Departmental Laboratory Managers have been appointed for each department within the University that contain HSNO Exempt Laboratories (as listed in the Laboratory Directory). The laboratories identified as HSNO Exempt require auditing to identify improvements required to be completed under the Statutory Budget. The laboratories will be classified as HSNO Exempt Laboratories and required to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3:2002 standard as specified in the approved Code of Practice for CRI and University Exempt Laboratories. Radiation Laboratories: Radiation Licensees are responsible for the use of radiation within their scope of practice. Where this work requires specific laboratory premises, the area must be audited to identify upgrade requirements. Audits for radiation laboratories will need to be conducted with the Radiation Safety Adviser to meet the National Radiation Laboratory Codes of Practice. What upgrades are needed? The base-line audit tool is attached as an appendix to this document (Appendix 1). Any auditing process may identify improvements required, such as internal audits, MAF audits, etc. Each listed laboratory within the directory should be audited to the applicable laboratory type. Specialist areas such as animal housing and radiation laboratories may require additional input from the Animal Welfare Director or Radiation Safety Advisor as appropriate.


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4. Generating a Property Services Request For any improvements required, a Property Services request should be generated with a copy of the completed audit tool attached to the request. An additional copy of the completed audit tool with the Property Services request number included should then be forwarded to the H&S Office for entry into the overall statutory budget spread sheet. The Property Services request number allows an item to be followed until completion. For large ticket items, such as complete laboratory upgrades, a Property Services request form should still be completed. These items will be prioritised monthly meetings of the Statutory Budget Prioritising Group, which will become aware of the request through the copies of the audit sheets forwarded to the H&S Office as described above. Maintenance and minor items can be attended to by Property Services as ongoing improvements, without the requirement for prioritising by the group.

5. Prioritising the upgrades All copies of completed audit sheets identifying work required are to be forwarded to the H&S Office with the Property Services request number. The Statutory Budget spread sheet is forwarded to members of the prioritising group prior to meeting. Larger items such as complete laboratory upgrades will be prioritised in consultation with the departments involved. DLMs will receive copies of the items currently on the statutory budget for their department at 6 monthly intervals. The group will maintain minutes of the meeting and an action sheet. The Prioritising Group will meet monthly to review the audit upgrade list findings to date. This group will consist of:

University Laboratory Manager

Biological Compliance Officer

Health and Safety Manager

Operations Manager, Property Services

Chair of HSRC

Laboratory Health and Safety Advisor

Radiation Safety Advisor as required.

Animal Welfare Director as required. This group will together assess the priorities based on:

Suitability for upgrade under Statutory Budget,

Degree of risk associated with the upgrade requirements,

Practicalities of accessing the laboratory to complete upgrades,

Departmental planning and future use of the laboratory,

Timeframes for work preparation and completion, and

Costs. There may be other factors that influence the upgrade priorities in addition to these criteria.


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The health and safety priorities have been identified based on the HSNO exempt regulations and safe practices. The intention of the HSNO Exempt Laboratories regulations and the code of practice is to contain hazardous substance within dedicated areas, warn people of the dangers, and manage emergencies. The basis of prioritisation is to isolate the hazardous substances (where elimination is not possible or practical) through the facilities provided:

1. Locking/security of laboratories 2. Adequate signage 3. Storage cabinets 4. Fume cupboards 5. Emergency eyewash/shower facilities 6. Emergency communications 7. Ventilation/write up areas 8. Earthquake restraints 9. Power 10. Lighting 11. Backflow prevention 12. Bench tops 13. Furniture 14. Floors 15. Walls 16. Ceilings 17. Coat hooks

A definition of each of these requirements is listed as appendix 2.


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6. MAF Audits and Corrective Actions

During MAF audits, corrective actions identified will need Property Services request forms completed. A copy of the audit results and the request numbers need to be forwarded to H&S for inclusion in the statutory budget spread sheet. Please note on the request that the issue is a MAF correction action and the date of the inspection.

7. Critical Issues

Critical issues may be identified by MAF audits, internal IBSC audits or internal HSRC audits. A Property Services request needs to be generated immediately. Where necessary, the prioritising group will convene to review the budget priorities to identify if changes need to be made to the existing agreed priorities. Please record on the request that this is a critical issue requiring immediate attention.

8. New Laboratories

Where new laboratory areas are required by departments, the Group will review the current situation to assess if the upgrade is required, if there are any alternatives, and the laboratory requirements. As per the Risk Management directive, all new laboratory designs and plans must be authorised by the Statutory Budget Prioritising Committee prior to any work commencing. This is regardless of whether the statutory budget is funding the work or not.


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9. Items Covered by the Statutory Budget

The following items are covered by the statutory budget. This is for the upgrade of existing laboratories only. New laboratories are funded from other sources. Items of equipment or plant will need to be funded by the department, as will any additional furniture required after the initial upgrade.

Items Covered By Statutory Budget Items Not Covered By Statutory Budget

PCB removal Class I and II Safety Cabinets

Asbestos removal Furniture (except for initial upgrade)

Lab bench tops Centrifuges

Fume cupboard upgrades Fridges/freezers

Fume cupboard installation (if approved by HSRAG/IBSC/ULM)

Laminar Flow Cabinets

Eyewashes (as part of lab upgrades) Autoclaves

Signage Fire blankets

Lab floors/walls/ceilings Freezer/fridge alarms

Washbasins/eyewashes

Fixed Mechanical Ventilation (where required)

Back flow preventers

Electrical circuits

Dangerous goods cabinets

Coat hooks

Earthquake protection

Safety Showers if risk assessment requires

Security System

Vacuum – for solvents only

Separate write up facilities

Gas isolation

Emergency Communications (PC3 & PC4)

Fire extinguishers (labs)

Gas Monitoring Equipment (oxygen, LEL etc)

Specialist items, such as additional ventilation, animal areas, radiation laboratories, may require additional assessment. Please note this on your audit form and the H&S Office will be in contact to arrange further assessment.


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10. Reporting requirements Prior to the Prioritising Group meeting, an updated project action spread sheet will be forwarded to each group member. The action sheet may request further information from various parties. Property Services will provide an update of the work completed and work in progress based on the statutory budget spread sheet. At each meeting, the progress will be monitored and further items authorised for statutory spending. A summary of the statutory budget progress and priorities will be forwarded to all Sector Managers and Departmental Laboratory Managers at six monthly intervals in order to provide updates on the progress of laboratories registered in the process for upgrading.


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Appendix 1: Audit Tool

Laboratory Audit Checklist

Statutory Budget

Building: Laboratory No.:

Dept Lab Mger: Inspection Person(s):

Date of Inspection:

PLEASE CIRCLE/TICK RELEVANT LABORATORY TYPE

PC1

PC2

Clinical Area

HSNO

Exempt

Animal Area

Radiation

Laboratory

Laboratory Facilities Yes No Comments

SECTION 1

1 Bench top surfaces

(i) impervious to moisture

(ii) resistant to solvents

(iii) able to withstand heat

2 Laboratory furniture

(i) ergonomically suitable

(ii) smooth impervious material

3 Washbasins with hot and cold water provided

4 Chemical Storage :

Flammable cabinet

Corrosive cabinet

Toxic cabinet

Oxidising cabinet

5 Earthquake restraints

6 Gas cylinder restraints

7 Door/access lockable

8 Internal fittings (lights, ducts) arranged to minimise

horizontal dust-collecting surfaces


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Laboratory/Animal Facilities Yes No Comments

SECTION 2

9 Signage on laboratory entrance standard University sign

10 Walls smooth, easy to clean, impermeable to liquids

11 Ceilings easy to clean, impermeable to liquids

12 Floors non-slip, smooth, easy to clean, impermeable to

liquids

13 Basin mixer for hand-washing, foot-, elbow- or

electronically operated

14 Emergency drench showers provided Risk assessment

15 Emergency eye-wash stations provided

16 Laboratory is mechanically ventilated

(i) If yes, directional air-flow into laboratory

maintained

(ii) Recirculation into area outside PC2 facility does

not occur

17 Hooks for laboratory coats provided adjacent to laboratory

access door

18 Fume cupboard – current certification

19 Separate write up areas

20 Other items:

All to complete:

This laboratory is part of a registered containment facility under the

Biosecurity Act Yes No

This laboratory meets requirements for the following category. PC1 PC2

This laboratory meets requirements for the HSNO exempt laboratory

status. Yes No

Signature of Auditor(s) Date:

Request generated from this report: Y / N No.


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Appendix 2: Laboratory Facilities Standards Items Covered By Statutory Budget Standard of compliance

PCB removal All removed from site.

Asbestos removal Removed if friable, if sealed and in good condition (no risk of fibres being released) can be left until

next major upgrade/alternation.

Notification to department and monitoring to be done.

Lab bench tops

(AS/NZS 2982.1:1997, AS/NZS

2243.3)

Smooth, impervious, resistant to chemicals used in laboratory, scratch-resistant, easy to clean, anti-

static, glare resistant and free from joins as far as possible. Where joins are unavoidable shall be sealed

to prevent seepage for spillages into the space below the bench tops. Where there is a wet area, ends of

bench tops shall be sealed to end walls, sinks and similar.

Laboratory cabinetry Where new cabinets are required, Melteca cabinets are the preferred option as an impervious, washable

surface. Cabinets will be raised from the floor to allow for cleaning.

Existing cabinets that are varnished custom wood are to be assessed annually to ensure they remain

sealed. Where the varnish is worn or cracks etc. are evident, the cabinets should be resealed. Where

resealing is not available, the cabinets are to be replaced.

Cabinets that sit directly on the floor at present are satisfactory providing the cabinets can be pulled out

for cleaning and in the event of spill. If a spill occurs, the cabinets need to be assessed as above.

Where cabinets are required to be replaced, the cabinets must meet the above conditions for new

cabinets.

Fume cupboard upgrade/installation

(if approved by HSRAG/IBSC/ULM)

Fume cupboard need justified by Statutory Budget Committee for lab work.

Fume cupboard installed, commissioned and maintained as per AS/NZS 2243.8:2001.

Eyewashes (AS/NZS 2982.1:1997 and

ANSI Z358.1)

University standard hand/eye wash unit to comply with ANSI Z358.1 (pressure reduced, tepid

premixed water, double eye wash units, single point of operation, delivering 11.4 litres of water per

minute for 15 minutes, signage, must go on in one second or less and remain activated until

intentionally shut off, connected to uninterruptible water supply with at least 30 PSI flow pressure.

MAF Biosecurity Authority Standard 154.03.02 Microbiological: At least one eye wash station will be

readily available in each laboratory. Eye wash stations shall, at a minimum, be single use packs of

sterile eye irrigation fluids. (N.B: this is not acceptable for HSNO Exempt Laboratories where

corrosive substances are used).


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Signage (AS/NZS 2243.3: 2002 and

Exempt Laboratories COP).

Standard university laboratory sign, including laboratory designation (as per directory), contact

persons, and types of hazardous substances held in laboratory.

Laboratory floors Floors shall be finished with materials which are smooth, impervious, resistant to chemicals used in

laboratory, of adequate mechanical and structural strength, compatible with the nature of the laboratory

operations and operator comfort, slip resistant (not a requirement under MAF Biosecurity Authority

Standard 154.03.02 Microbiological), easy to clean, joints in slabs shall be avoided as far as possible

but where used shall be constructed in such a way that they are sealed against penetration by hazardous

materials, where openings in floors are required they shall be designed to prevent the penetration of

liquids other than into floor wastes, where there is a risk of spillage of hazardous, potentially infectious

or unsealed radioactive material, the intersection of floors with walls and exposed plinths shall be

coved to facilitate cleaning (note: commercial grade vinyl sheeting with welded joints or similar

material laid over a solid impervious base or approved underlay is acceptable in most laboratories

provided the material is laid strictly in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Liquid

nitrogen spills will cause welded vinyl to split.)

Within the University, welded vinyl is the expected standard. Where there are laboratories with tiled

floors, an annual audit is required to monitor the state of the floor and identify any repairs necessary.

Where tiles are cracked, chipped or missing, the floors will be repaired.

Where any laboratory upgrade is required, tile floors will be replaced as a part of the process.

Walls (AS/NZS 2982.1:1997) Walls in laboratory work areas shall be smooth, impervious, resistant to chemicals used and easy to

clean.

A finished painted surface is acceptable providing it is in good repair without cracks, chips or breaks in

the surface covering.

Ceilings (AS/NZS 2243.1:1997) Ceilings shall be constructed of a rigid, smooth faced, non-absorbent material and may include fibrous

plaster, plaster board, fibrous cement, cement render or other approved material painted with a

washable gloss paint of light colour.

New ceilings are recommended to meet the AS/NZS 2243.3: 2002 standard (revised MAF standard

154.03.02 2007).

The ceiling tiles found through out the university are satisfactory providing the painted layer is intact.

PC2: MAF Biosecurity Authority Standard 154.03.02 Microbiological: No specific requirements unless

a risk assessment for the work shows that specific requirements are necessary.


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Windows (AN/NZS 2982.1:1997) Where a laboratory has an external window or door, that window or door shall have an openable area

no less than 2% of the floor area of that part of the laboratory served.

PC2: MAF Biosecurity Authority Standard 154.03.02 Microbiological: Where PC2 laboratories have

windows that can be opened fly screens are only required where and if risk assessment for the work

shows that it is necessary

Fixed Mechanical Ventilation PC2: MAF Biosecurity Authority Standard 154.03.02 Microbiological: Where the laboratory is

mechanically ventilated, a directional airflow into the laboratory shall be maintained by extracting

room air. Re-circulate is permitted, but not into areas outside the PCS facility. Where a risk assessment

shows that it is required, specific types of work shall be conducted in a laboratory that is mechanically

ventilated.

Back flow preventers Property Services project – not included in statutory budget.

Electrical services (AS/NZS

2982.1:1997)

General power outlets throughout the laboratory shall be fitted with residual current protection.

Selected outlets may be unprotected provided they are prominently labelled “OUTLET NOT R.C.

PROTECTED.”

General power outlets are to be located at a minimum of 300mm above bench height.

Further details may be found in AS 2243.7.

For areas where types and/or volumes of solvents are in use, electrical zoning may be required

(AS/NZS 2430.3.1,3,4,6 2004)

Dangerous goods cabinets:

(Flammable cabinets)

(Specifications for cabinets provided by Rex Alexander 13 August 2001, updated for HSNO

regulations)

1. A maximum quantity of not more than 100 litres of class 3 products in containers each do not

exceed 20 litres.

2. The cabinet to be constructed of metal with riveted or welded joints.

3. A tight fitting door that is fitted with a device to ensure the door will close automatically in the

event of a fire either inside or outside the cabinet.

4. Provision is made to compound any spillage of liquid inside the cabinet by the construction of a

metal lip at the bottom of the door opening or the fitting of a separate metal tray inside the cabinet

and capable of taking a maximum of 50% of the contents of the Dangerous Goods stored therein or

such greater quantity as may be required by an Inspector for a particular application.

5. The cabinet to be securely mounted on incombustible supports.

6. The cabinet to be adequately isolated from any combustible material, including any portion of the

building in which it is situated. This may either be by:

a) Lining the cabinet with non-absorbent (and product compatible) fire resistant board so as to give

a FRR of 1 hour or;


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b) Lining the proportion of the room, furniture or fittings adjacent to the cabinets’ permanent

location with fire resistant board so as to give a FFR of 1 hour.

7. The cabinet shall be labelled with a “Flammable Liquids – No Smoking” sign and a flammable

liquid Class 3 “Diamond” Label (size: 400mm/side). It is also recommended that “Hazchem” and

UN Number signage for the most hazardous chemical stored be placed outside the entrance to the

room or building.

8. Should the facility contain more than 15 litres of Class 3a in containers of not more than 5 litres,

(Flash point <230C) a dangerous goods licence is required. Storage of up to 100 litres of 3b (Flash

Point >230C - <61

0C) is permitted without a licence provided that no dangerous goods of Class 3a

are stored within a distance of 5 metres.

9. Provision of one fire extinguisher per cabinet of either type 2, 3, 4 or 5 as covered by Regulations

171 – 179 inclusive and regulation 188 of the above regulations.

10. Electrical zoning for the storage of <100 litres of Class 3 in dangerous goods cabinets is not

required according to schedule 3/table 3 of the HSNO Classes 1 – 5 Controls Regulations 2001 and

provided the substances are stored in sealed containers within the cabinet.

AS/NZS 2243.10:2004:

Cabinet ventilation should not normally be required unless determined as an essential risk control

measure. Cabinet ventilation is not an alternative to vapour-tight closure of all stored containers.

Cabinets shall not located one above the other, where they can jeopardize emergency escape, under

stairs or in corridors.

Dangerous Goods Cabinets

(Corrosives)

Second priority after flammable cabinets. Standard University cabinet ordered through Property

Services.

1. Corrosive substances shall not be stored on shelves greater than 1 m from the floor.

2. Bunding within the cabinet shall contain at least 50% of the total of the substances held.

3. Separate cabinets for acids and bases.

4. Able to hold 50% of total volume.

Dangerous Goods Cabinets

(Oxidisers) AS/NZS 2243.10:1004

Class 5.2 cabinets shall have a door closing mechanism that allows the door to open and pressure

resulting from accelerated decomposition to be release (e.g.: a magnetic lock or a friction lock).

Class 5.1 and 5.2 cabinets a chemical resistant lining should be considered for the entire interior of the

cabinet as spill trays may not be sufficient to prevent contact of spilled material with parts of the

interior of the cabinet.

Coat hooks Standard coat hooks for laboratory gowns shall be provided within the laboratory, adjacent to the

laboratory access door.

Earthquake protection Shelving restraints in the form of lips (wood or Perspex), wire or similar to prevent bottles from falling


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from shelves.

Segregated write up areas

(AS/NZS 2243.1:2005)

Precautions shall be taken to ensure that reading and writing materials do not become contaminated or

damaged.

Write up areas shall be separated from areas where hazardous materials are used or harmful processes

are undertaken.

Safety Showers if risk assessment

requires

Where safety showers are deemed required by a risk assessment, the shower shall meet the

requirements of ANSI Z356.1.

Security System Either swipe card access or key locked doors.

Vacuum – for solvents only As assessed by the University Laboratory Manager

Gas isolation Switch to isolate gas at entrance in the event of an emergency

Emergency Communications (PC3 &

PC4)

Phone or call system to raise the alarm in the event of an emergency.

Fire extinguishers (labs) Arranged by Property Services – separate auditing system.

Gas Monitoring Equipment (oxygen,

LEL etc)

Identify areas of concern – risk of LEL or oxygen deletion. Record amounts and work area – will

require further assessment by University Laboratory Manager.

Animal housing/holding rooms must

be:

PC 2 level

Have environmental HVAC controls which operate 24/7 at design specifications for the species housed.

Floor, wall and ceiling surfaces which are readily sanitisable.

Pest proof, such that all service ducts for plumbing, HVAC and electricity, are sealed to prevent the

entry or egress of insect and vertebrate pests.

Must have a controlled light/dark cycle as appropriate for the species.

Removable step- over door barriers as required for the species housed in the room.

Securely locked to prevent unauthorised entry.

Appropriate door signs indicating containment facility status.

HVAC= heating ventilation and air conditioning

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