Status coral reefs 2008 - Global Climate Change and Coral Reefs
Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively...
Transcript of Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively...
![Page 1: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale Coral Disease Outbreak
38th Meeting of the USCRTF
Ft. Lauderdale, Florida
8/11/2017
![Page 2: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Photo: NSU CRRAM
![Page 3: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Photo: NSU CRRAM
![Page 4: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Introduction to Coral Disease
Florida Reef Tract Coral Disease Outbreak Status
Disease Investigation and Response Efforts
Lessons Learned and Next Steps
![Page 5: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
1Peters, 1997 5
Disease is defined as:
Any impairment of vital body functions, systems, or organs.
• Infectious • Causal agent a living organism
• Pathogens such as viruses or bacteria
• Parasites
• Non-infectious• Causal agent a genetic defect or environmental stressor
• Health habits
• Exposure to toxicants
![Page 6: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
6
Po
pu
lati
on
Siz
e
Time
Carrying Capacity
Birth rateImmigration
CompetitionTraumaDisease
Emigration
![Page 7: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
An emergency hospital during 1918 influenza epidemic, in Camp Funston, Kansas.Credit: National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
1918: "Spanish flu" H1N1 Pandemic
The most devastating flu pandemic in modern
times, killing more than 500,000 people in the
United States, and some 50 million people
worldwide. Somewhere between 20 and 40
percent of the global population was ill.
Disease Outbreaks
![Page 8: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
8/16/2017 8
Host
PathogenEnvironment
Disease
Triad of disease causation:
![Page 9: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
8/16/2017 9
Host
PathogenEnvironmentVirulence
Mode of transmission
Pathogenesis
Immune systemHost behavior
Genetic susceptibility
Poverty
Overcrowding
Stress
Infectious dose
Source
![Page 10: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
An emergency hospital during 1918 influenza epidemic, in Camp Funston, Kansas.Credit: National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
•novel pathogens introduced into naïve host populations
•endemic pathogens spread within a population due to altered external factors, which affect
host-pathogen ecology
Disease Outbreaks
![Page 11: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
8/16/2017 11
Is disease a problem for coral reefs?
![Page 12: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
First disease outbreak in Hawaii
Acropora white syndrome
NWHI
Main HI
2003
![Page 13: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
May 2005
41 tagged colonies relocated
May 2006
40 colonies partial to total mortality
(97.6%)
Case fatality rate=46%19 colonies dead
Aeby et al. 2011
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
![Page 14: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
FFSTC122006
![Page 15: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Acropora cover (%)
2006 - 61%2011 - 27%
FFS
TC 12
2011
![Page 16: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Year # reefs surveyed # reefs w/ AWS
2002 6 02003 7 12004 6 32005 5 42006 9 7
Acropora white syndrome is spreading across FFS
![Page 17: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Outbreak of acute Montipora white syndrome2010
Dying coral
Kaneohe Bay, Oahu
>300 coral colonies affected
Aeby et al. 2016
![Page 19: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Disease outbreaks in the Hawaiian archipelago
2003 FFS
2012 Oahu
2011 Kauai
2010 Oahu
2009 Maui
2015 Oahu
Frequency of disease outbreaks are increasing
![Page 20: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Disease outbreaks across the Indo-Pacific
![Page 21: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CORAL DISEASE
Increasing worldwide
Caused extensive damage to reefs in W. Atlantic
Emerged as a problem in Indo-Pacific
![Page 22: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CORAL DISEASE
Why?
![Page 23: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Corals need clear, clean seawater to flourish
• light for symbiotic zooxanthellae• prevents algae from growing overly fast
Abundance of herbivores to keep the seaweeds in check
![Page 24: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Kauai
Corals need:
Clean, clear water
![Page 25: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
• Coastal Development– Sedimentation
– Pollution
– Nutrient runoff • Injection wells, cesspools,
septic tanks
• Agriculture, ranching
• Overfishing
![Page 26: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
An emergency hospital during 1918 influenza epidemic, in Camp Funston, Kansas.Credit: National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology
•novel pathogens introduced into naïve host populations
•endemic pathogens spread within a population due to altered external factors, which affect
host-pathogen ecology
Disease Outbreaks
![Page 27: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Introduction to Coral Disease
Florida Reef Tract Coral Disease Outbreak Status
Disease Investigation and Response Efforts
Lessons Learned and Next Steps
![Page 28: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Diploria labyrinthiformis Pseudodiploria strigosa
Meandrina Meandrites Eusmilia fastigiataDichocoenia stokesii
FWC NPS
FWC DEP FWC
![Page 29: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
A background level of disease is normal for coral reefs.
2-3%
EndemicDisease
Prevalence:
![Page 32: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
At some sites: >25% of the entire coral population is affected.
66-100%
Species Specific Disease
Prevalence:
![Page 33: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Hens & Chickens: 66%Hens & Chickens: 28%
Hens & Chickens: 33% Hens & Chickens: 100% Hens & Chickens: N/A
![Page 35: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Rapid disease progression:
Photos: Brian Reckenbeil, FWC, Upper Keys
![Page 36: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Primary reef-building corals:
Orbicella annularis 35.0% Colpophyllia natans 51.6%
Montastraea cavernosa 20.0%
Orbicella faveolata 5.7%
Siderastrea siderea 28.6%
NSU CRRAM NSU CRRAM
NSU CRRAM
FWRI
Miami-Dade County
![Page 37: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Endangered Species Act (ESA)-listed species:
NSU CRRAM
![Page 38: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Nearly 50% of the species along the Florida Reef Tract have been affected during this outbreak
Unaffected species to
date
Speciesconfirmed with tissue
lesions
![Page 39: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
330+ years old1694
1850
1900
1950
2005
1800
1750
![Page 40: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Dec 2015
![Page 41: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
New time or place Greater frequency Species of concern Unidentified lesions
UNPRECEDENTED EVENT
1. Tenure of the disease outbreak. Currently entering it’s 3rd year and is still active in SE FL on coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species
2. The # of coral species affected. This outbreak has impacted nearly half the species in FL. Documented on all the primary/massive reef builders along the FL reef tract
3. Spatial scale. It has now encompassed half of the Florida Reef Tract4. The incredibly high frequency of whole colony mortality. If a colony becomes infected it
will likely suffer 100% mortality5. Reduction in coral population structure. The loss of massive, framework building species
will disproportionally contribute to a loss of coral cover. 6. The ramifications for FL: FL depends on healthy reef ecosystems for economic vitality, loss
of ecosystem services could be catastrophic. Recovery will require hundreds of years!
![Page 42: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Overview
43
Introduction to Coral Disease
Florida Reef Tract Coral Disease Outbreak Status
Disease Investigation and Response Efforts
Lessons Learned and Next Steps
![Page 44: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 44
CRY OF THE WATER
![Page 45: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 45
Response Efforts
Data
collection
Sampling &Analysis
Management & Treatment
Funding & Capacity
Understand
Environmental
Conditions
![Page 46: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 46
Document the distribution, prevalence, severity and impacts associated with the disease outbreak.
• Reef tract-wide monitoring programs
Photo: NSU
Coral Reef Evaluation and Monitoring Projects
Image: FWC
Data
Collection
![Page 47: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 47
Document the distribution, prevalence, severity and impacts associated with the disease outbreak.
• Targeted coral disease surveys
Photo: Brian Walker, NSU
Data
Collection
Large Coral AssessmentDisease Boundary
Surveys
![Page 48: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 48
Document the distribution, prevalence, severity and impacts associated with the disease outbreak.
• Citizen science
Data
Collection
![Page 49: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Sampling &Analysis
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 49
Identify potential pathogens and characterize the disease(s).
• Coral tissue sample collection
Photo: FWC FWRIPhoto: FWC FWRI
![Page 50: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 50
Identify potential pathogens and characterize the disease(s).
• Laboratory analysis
Photo: FWC FWRI Photo: FWC FWRI Photo: FWC FWRI
Sampling &Analysis
![Page 51: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Understand
Environmental
Conditions
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 51
Understand if changes in environmental conditions may have caused or contributed to the outbreak.
Why did this coral disease outbreak happen when it did? Photo: DEP
Water Temperature Water QualityCoral Data
Photo: DEP
Sedimentation
Image: Coral Reef Watch Photo: NSUOCPhoto: DEP
![Page 52: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 52
Response Efforts
Data
collection
Sampling &Analysis
Management & Treatment
Funding & Capacity
Understand
Environmental
Conditions
![Page 53: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Management & Treatment
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 53
Photo: KMLPhoto: KML
Implement management interventions and experiment with treatments.
![Page 54: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 54
Photo: KMLImages: FKCCPhoto: KML
Implement management interventions and experiment with treatments.
The status of known pillar coral colonies
across the Florida Reef Tract.
Management & Treatment
![Page 55: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 55
Implement management interventions and experiment with treatments.
• Pillar coral rescue effort
Photo: KMLPhoto: KML
Management & Treatment
Photo: KML
![Page 56: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 56
Implement management interventions and experiment with treatments.
• Laboratory-based treatment experiments
Management & Treatment
Photos: NOAA
![Page 57: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 57
Implement management interventions and experiment with treatments.
• Laboratory-based treatment experiments
Management & Treatment
Photos: NOAA
![Page 58: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Response Efforts
8/16/2017 58
Seek additional funding and capacity to support more comprehensive response efforts.Funding &
Capacity
Photo: NSU CRRAMPhoto: NSU CRRAM
![Page 59: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Overview
59
Introduction to Coral Disease
Florida Reef Tract Coral Disease Outbreak Status
Disease Investigation and Response Efforts
Lessons Learned and Next Steps
![Page 60: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Challenges
8/16/2017 60
1. Much remains unknown about coral disease ecology.
ConduciveEnvironment Pathogen
Susceptible Host
Disease
![Page 61: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Challenges
8/16/2017 Image: Marine and Estuarine Goal Setting for S. FL (SEFL Characterization) 61
2. Intense urban pressures.
Local pressures across the southeast Florida geographic region
![Page 62: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Challenges
8/16/2017 62
3. Insufficient coral disease monitoring data.
Photos: DEP
![Page 63: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Challenges
8/16/2017 63
4. Lack of funding and capacity.
![Page 64: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 64
1. Continue coral disease investigation.
A
B
![Page 65: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 65
1. Continue coral disease investigation.
![Page 66: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 66
2. Control what we can: Address underlying environmental conditions.
![Page 67: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 67
3. Support the establishment of a disease rapid response program.
Hawaii’s Rapid Response Contingency Planfor events of coral bleaching, disease or crown-of-thorns
starfish outbreaks
![Page 68: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 68
4. Establish a flexible emergency response mechanism.
![Page 69: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 69
5. Adapt the regulatory framework.
Laboratory studies
Small-scale field trials
Larger-scale field application
Photos: NSU CRRAMPhotos: NOAA
![Page 70: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Recommendations
8/16/2017 70
6. Continue coordination with partners.
![Page 71: Status and Lessons Learned from a Large-Scale ... - Coral Reef · coral species like MCAV. Actively starting on many reefs in the FL Keys with most vulnerable species 2. The # of](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022050213/5f5f95dc5ff49b10287be3b9/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Thank You
Photos: NSU CRRAM