States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water...
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Transcript of States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water...
![Page 1: States of Matter States of matter= the physical forms in which a substance can exist EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms.](https://reader034.fdocuments.in/reader034/viewer/2022052603/5697bfbc1a28abf838ca13a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
States of Matter• States of matter= the physical forms in which a
substance can exist • EXAMPLE: water exists in solid (s), Liquid (l), and gas (g) forms
• Solid water= ice• Liquid= water • Gas= steam (water vapor)
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Moving particles make up matter!!• Matter consists of tiny particles
called atoms & molecules that are too tiny to see with a microscope
• Atoms and molecules are constantly moving and bumping into one another!
• Atoms and molecules are attracted to each other
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Model of a solid
• SOLID= state in matter that has definite shape and volume
• Particles are STRONGLY attracted
• Held tightly in place• Particles VIBRATE in place
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1. Solid
Definite shape
Definite volume
Tightly packed. Slowly vibrating molecules and atoms. They do not change position
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2 types of solids1. Crystalline
• Very orderly, 3-dimensional, particles arranged in a repeating pattern of rows
• EXAMPLES: iron, diamond, and ice
2. Amorphous• Composed of atoms or
molecules that are in no particular order or pattern
• EXAMPLES: rubber and wax
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Model of liquid• LIQUID= matter that takes the
shape of its container and has definite volume
• Particles are able to slide past one another
• Move fast enough to overcome the attraction between them
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2. LiquidsNo definite shape
Definite volume
Takes the shape of the container and has a horizontal surface
Move faster, less tightly packed. Can change position
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2 Liquid Properties
1. Surface tension= the force acting on the particles at the surface that causes a drop to look spherical
• Different liquids have different surface tensions
2. Viscosity= liquids resistance to flow
• Stronger the attraction, MORE viscous• Weaker the attraction, LESS viscous
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Model of a Gas• GAS= matter changes
both shape and volume• Move fast enough to
overcome attraction• Particles move
independently from each other
• Amount of empty space can change
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3. Gases
No definite shape or volume
Molecules spread out to fill container
Temperature and pressure changes have large effects on gases
Very spread out, moving very quickly
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Gas Under Pressure• Pressure= the amount of force exerted on a given area
• # of collisions in a closed container• As the # of collisions increase, force increases, pressure increases