Starter task
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Transcript of Starter task
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Starter task
Review your field study pack – are all the sections complete?
In the back of your exercise books list as many coastal keywords that you can think of – think back to Thursday/Friday & what you saw on the field study visit. If you didn’t go to Walton discuss with a partner what they saw.
Consider the definitions of these words
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Remember this diagram – the processes of erosion
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Walton-on-the-Naze
• Small seaside town on Essex coast• Once an inland farming village• Coastal erosion led it to becoming a
coastal settlement in 1700’s• The Naze is a peninsula of land
stretching about 3km north of the town.
• Located on the Naze is the Naze Tower built in 1720 as a lighthouse to guide ships sailing to & from Harwich
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Why is there such rapid erosion (2 metres/yr) at
Walton?Two factors combine:• Cliffs are made of London Clay (Red Crag)
overlain by sands & gravels – water percolates through sands & gravel but cannot penetrate the impermeable clay & so sits on top of it, cliffs become v wet and extremely weak
• High-energy waves from the North sea pound the coast, especially during winter storms
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Constructive or destructive?
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Destructive Waves
Crashing breaker
Weak swash
Powerful Backwash
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Constructive Waves
Spilling Breaker
Powerful SwashWeak Backwash
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Who Decides on coastal defence?
• Government sets out a strategy for coastal defence
• Local councils make decisions based on this
• Some of the money comes from the government, the rest comes from the local councils.
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What is the Strategy?
To defend the coast in a sustainable way :-
• If land & houses are worth less than the defences cost, do not defend them.
• Think about the effect of defences on other places, & on wildlife.
• When planning for the future , keep erosion in mind.
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Coastal defence
A variety of measures have been used, each reflecting differing strategies.
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Existing Defenses at Walton on the Naze
Recurve Sea Wall Sea Wall & Groynes
Rock Amour (Crag Walk)
Do Nothing! (Managed Retreat)
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GroynesSediment accumulation due to Longshore Drift
Waves approach beach at oblique angle
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THE PROBLEMS WITH FIGHTING EROSION
• Coastal defences are expensive• They wear out & have to be replaced• Global warming – causing rising sea
levels & storms• Preventing erosion in one place can
speed it up in others
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Your assessment task…
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Sustainable?
Sustainable – development meeting the needs of people now and in the future, limiting harm to the environment
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Coasts - at Geography at the Movies