Standards US History 10-25

Progressivism Progressivism

A reform movement focused on improving living conditions, education, working conditions, stopping political corruption, and gain women the right to vote

Progressivism. Three Progressive Presidents

1. Teddy Roosevelt

2. William Howard Taft

3. Woodrow Wilson

Granger Laws Granger Movement

US farmers that fought corporate monopolies in the 1870’s Farmers who hated the

Railroad

Granger Laws Passed to regulate the

railroads, proved the farmers did have political power

Grangers fight against the monopolies established by the railroads

Economic Reforms Theodore Roosevelt

Hates big business and its impact on the government

Sherman Anti-Trust Act Take legal action against

the country’s largest corporations

“The trustbuster”

Conservation of natural resources

Protection of wildlife

Economic Reforms. William Howard Taft

Sixteenth Amendment Allowed Congress to levy

income taxes

Economic Reforms.. Woodrow Wilson

Focused on labor and business “New Freedom”

Tariff reform and rules for banks

Federal Reserve Act

Set up the Federal Reserve Banking System

Regulates the nations money supply

Economic Reforms… Woodrow Wilson

Clayton Antitrust Act Used to break fight against

big business

Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Forbade the sale of

products made by children across state lines

Working Conditions Laissez-faire

Government’s approach to labor unions, meant that the government did not interfere at all

Because of this workers were treated horribly

Working Conditions. George Pullman(Pullman Strike)

Builds a plant and a company town outside of Chicago

Employees required to live in his town

Workers paid in company money

Civil Liberties

Employees civil liberties limited

Not allowed to have independent newspapers, meetings, and houses subject to inspection

Working Conditions.. Triangle Shirtwaist Company

Fire Sweatshop located in upper

floors of a New York City building

Fire erupts Workers panicked and fled

to fire escape Fire escape broke under the

weight of the workers Doors leading to stairwells

were locked

145 Workers die, most were women or children

US begins to pay attention to worker’s safety

Muckrakers Muckrakers

Journalists who attempted to expose abuses in business and corruption in politics by using their writing

Their work helped educate the public about changes needed

Muckrakers. Ida Tarbell

History of the Standard Oil Company Brought the company’s

monopoly to light and eventually led to a government antitrust suit against the company

Muckrakers.. Upton Sinclair

The Jungle Told of unsafe and

unsanitary conditions in meat processing plants

Causes public uproar

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 Mandated safe and sanitary

conditions for food preparation and packing Food and Drug

Administration (FDA) Put regulations on food

and medicines

Political Reform “Wisconsin Idea”

Proposed to use University professors to study problems and recommend solutions

Leads to the 17th Amendment Allowed for the direct

election by the people of senators on a national level

Oregon System Leads to the direct election

of senators and a process with which to recall them

Women’s Suffrage (Giving women the right to vote)

Seneca Falls Convention Declaration of Sentiments

Drew upon the Declaration of Independence to articulate women’s rights

National Suffrage Leagues Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Susan B. Anthony

Lucy Stone

Worked through suffrage leagues to securing the right to vote for women

Women’s Suffrage.. Tennessee

“The Perfect 36”

Nineteenth Amendment 35 states had ratified this

amendment to give women the right to vote

Tennessee was not one of them If Tennessee ratified the

amendment it would become the perfect 36th state

Governor Albert H. Roberts Holds an assembly to vote

on the amendment

Women’s Suffrage... Tennessee

Tennessee was the deciding state for Women’s Suffrage If Tennessee ratified the

amendment then it would become law

Harry Burn Legislator who vote to pass

the amendment because his mom told him to

Results in Tennessee giving women the right to vote

Tennessee Women's SuffrageAnne Dallas Dudley Josephine Pearson

Raised in Nashville

Active leader who lobbied for the ratification of the 19th

Amendment in the Tennessee General Assembly

Leader of the antisuffragemovement in Tennessee

Lobbied congressman to vote against the ratification of the 19th Amendment

The Great Migration Population Shift

Employment opportunities were opened in the North

African Americans leave the south for the North Nearly half a million

African Americans migrated north between 1916 and 1919

African American Cultural Figures W.E.B. Du Bois

Founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

Black Nationalist Policy Believed African Americans should stay independent of white

Americans

Booker T. Washington Assimilation of blacks into white culture

Believed African Americans should be worked into white American culture “Cast Down Your Bucket Where You Are Speech”

Marcus Garvey Segregationist policies and revolutionary tactics

Imperialism Imperialism

More powerful countries bully smaller ones for their resources

Both the US and European countries practiced imperialism

Roosevelt Corollary Latin American Policy that the United States would

assume the role of power over any issue in the Western Hemisphere

Roosevelt was trying to keep European Countries from having any excuse to invade/imperialize a South American country for example owing money

Hawaii Originally an

independent monarchy

US missionaries to Hawaii became wealthy and powerful by owning sugar plantations Export sugar to US

To avoid paying tariffs the US wanted to annex Hawaii

Missionaries take control of Hawaii (Marines help)

Hawaii. Queen Liliuokalani

Queen of Hawaii who was jailed when US takes over

Became a symbol of Hawaiian resistance against the US

1959

Hawaii votes to become the 50th state

Many in Hawaii still want independence

Target…China Imperialist countries

searching

Searched for raw materials to export home

China Divided into Spheres of

Influence

Each country was given a sphere in which it could control trade

The Spanish-American War Spain ruled Cuba

Cuba rebels in 1895

United States declares neutrality Many in Congress wanted

to intervene

Teller Amendment In the declaration of war against Spain the US congress

stipulated that there was no intention of trying to annex Cuba

The Spanish American War. Yellow Journalism

Writers create interest in Cuba by exaggerating events in Cuba to boost newspaper sales Joseph Pulitzer

William Randolph Hearst

The Spanish American War.. USS Maine

American ship that was anchored in Havana Harbor Randomly blew up

266 American Sailors die

Yellow Journalists jump at the chance to sale newspapers by blaming Cuba

“Remember the Maine”

The Spanish American War… Fighting in Cuba

Battle of San Juan Hill Rough Riders under the

command of future President Theodore Roosevelt

Fighting in the Philippines America and Filipino

rebels capture the Philippines Filipino's then revolt against

US but fail to win freedom

Leads to the US having increased contact with Asia

The Spanish American War…. End of the War

Platt Amendment Three parts

1. Cuba given independence

2. Cuba could not make treaties with other nations that were against American interests

3. Gave America control of the naval base at Guantanamo Bay

Foraker Act Established a civil government in Puerto Rico…the Act

authorized the President of the United States to appoint a Governor and part of the Puerto Rican Legislature

Panama Canal France

1881-1887 France attempts to build a

canal across Panama

1903 US buys the land to finish

building canal 40,000 people work on the

canal, opens in August 15, 1914

Canal was 50 miles across

Decreased the trip around South America by 8,000 miles

Big Stick Diplomacy Big Stickism

“Speak softly and carry a big stick”

Teddy Roosevelt’s idea for foreign policy

Monroe Doctrine US is the policing force of

the Western Hemisphere

Roosevelt want no interference from European powers in the Western Hemisphere

William Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy Wanted to substitute “dollars for bullets”

Instead of using bullets to take over a country Taft wanted investment into the country so that country would be economically tied to the Untied States

Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy Wilson’s idea of intervention in Latin America was to

be friends with Latin Americans thru equality instead of forcing American ideals via military or money