Stakeholder perceptions of fire & hazeRachel Carmenta, Jacob Phelps

Fire & Haze: a “wicked” environmental problem because...• No easy or technical solutions, esp on peatland• Hotly contested, political issues, multiple actors

• Many interdependencies

How do different actors perceive: • Trade-offs (benefits, burdens of fire)

• Different possible solutions?

This new information can:• Clarify debates / positions / coalitions• Provide boundary object for negotiations

• Debunk “myths”

Tropical peatland fires and transboundary haze

Agroindustry

Singaporean decision-makers

Small farmers

Hired labourers

Local & national decision-makers

~130+ targeted responses to statements on:

• Priorities regarding benefits and burdens of fire• conservation• health• livelihoods• regional economy• transportation

• Preferred solutions • fire fighting strategies• incentive structures• who to target with enforcement