Japan’sS&TDiplomacyandstrengtheningtheUS‐JapanAlliance

AtsushiSunami,Ph.D.SpecialAdvisor,Science,TechnologyandInnovation,theCabinetOfficeofJapanDeputyDirectorofGISTProgram;Professor;ExecutiveAdvisortothePresident,GRIPS

Implementing S&T Diplomacy in Japan• Council for Science, Technology and Innovation in Cabinet Office

Diplomacy for Science

• Ministry for Foreign Affairs Science for Diplomacy

• Other ministries Science for ………………. Increasingly global in nature.

Prime Minister’s Office NO Science Advisor for PM at the moment !!

Boundary is not clear between Science for Diplomacy and Diplomacy for Science

Increasing competition from neighboring countries in particular.

Importance of partners and alliances Dual Use and Big Science

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1.ScienceforDiplomacyinJapan

AdvisoryPanelonS&T DiplomacyinMOFA(Jul.2015‐ Apr.2015) Background

Recentglobalchallengesincreasinglyrequirescientificandtechnologicalknowledge.…Thisappliesinparticulartothefrontierinscienceandtechnologysuchasouterspace,theArctic,deepsea,andcyberspace,wheremajorstateshavestartedtomakerulesongovernanceandareexercisingtheirdiplomaticmeasures.”(ReportoftheAdvisoryPanel,May,2015)

ObjectiveofthePanel

ExaminenewchallengesofscienceandtechnologydiplomacyaswellasMOFA’sandwhole‐of‐governmentapproachestoaddressingsuchchallenges

PeriodoftheMeeting: Jul.2014– Apr.2015

SubmissionoftheReporttotheMinister:May8,2015

PhotobyMinistryofForeignAffairs

PhotobyMinistryofForeignAffairs

MemberofthePanel

TakashiShiraishi President,NationalGraduateInstituteforPolicyStudies(GRIPS)‐‐Chair

MasaruIwanaga President,TheJapanInternationalResearchCenterforAgriculturalSciences(JIRCAS)

MasafumiKaneko GeneralManager/SeniorResearchFellow,CenterforInternationalandStrategicStudies,PHPInstitutes,Inc.

AtsushiSunami Professor,ExecutiveAdvisortothePresident,GRIPS

MarikoHasegawa ExecutiveDirector,VicePresident,TheGraduateUniversityforAdvancedStudiesYuichiHosoya Professor,FacultyofLaw,KeioUniversity

MitsuhikoYamashita MemberoftheBoard,SeniorTechnologyAdvisor,NISSANMOTORCorporation

RelatedBodies

･ CouncilforScience,TechnologyandInnovation(CSTI) ･ ScienceCouncilofJapan(SCJ)

･MinistryofEducation,Culture,Sports,ScienceandTechnology(MEXT) ･MinistryofEconomy,TradeandIndustry(METI)

･ JapanInternationalCooperationAgency(JICA) ･ TheJapanFoundation(JF)

･ JapanScienceandTechnologyAgency(JST) ･ JapanSocietyforthePromotionofScience(JSPS)

･ NationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScienceandTechnology(AIST) ･ NewEnergyandIndustrialTechnologyDevelopmentOrganization(NEDO)･ TaskForceonJapan‐USScienceandTechnologyCooperation ･ (Organizer)MinistryofForeignAffairs(MOFA)

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TheReportoftheAdvisoryPanel‐ Contents

1. StrategyforS&TDiplomacy(1)ThepurposeofS&Tdiplomacy

(2)StrategicApproachesofS&TDiplomacy

2. S&TDiplomacyandconcreteactions(1)Respondingtoglobalchallengesandutilizingdiplomaticopportunities(2)Strengthencooperativerelationshipswithcountriessuchasemergingeconomiesand

partnercountrieswithhighdiplomaticimportance

3. ReinforcementofthebasisandhumanresourcedevelopmentfortheeffectivepromotionofS&Tdiplomacy(1)Strengthentheutilizationofscientificknowledgeinformulatingandimplementing

diplomaticpolicy

(2)Develophumanresourcesforsupportingscienceandtechnologydiplomacy(3)Strengtheningnetworksanddisseminationofinformation

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TheReportoftheAdvisoryPanel

1. StrategyforS&TDiplomacy(1)ThepurposeofS&Tdiplomacy

(2)StrategicApproachesofS&TDiplomacy

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Recentchangesininternationalsituation• Changeinpowerbalanceoftheworld• Diversificationofthreatsbyglobalization→Necessityofinternationalcooperation&morestrategicdiplomacy

Oneofthemeasuresfornationalsecurity• Strengtheningtechnologicalcapabilitiestoaddress

globalissues• Utilizationofthecapabilitiesindiplomacy

AccumulationofdiscussionsonandeffortsforpromotingS&TDiplomacyWGandTFonS&TDiplomacy,G8S&TMinisters’Meeting,SATREPS,STDNetworketc

→ AtthestageofpositioningS&Tasapillarofdiplomacy

Diplomacyforproactivecontributiontopeace

Reinforcementofeconomicdiplomacy

Diplomacythattakesapanoramicperspectiveoftheworldmap

Publicdiplomacy

Reinforce“ScienceforDiplomacy” ExecuteS&Tdiplomacyalignedwithforeignpolicystrategies UseborderlessfeatureofS&Tfordiplomacy Usescientificknowledgeforforeignpolicydecisionmaking

<ForeignPolicies>

TheReportoftheAdvisoryPanel‐ Recommendations

2. S&TDiplomacyandconcreteactions

(1) Respondingtoglobalchallengesandutilizingdiplomaticopportunities

1. Establishadiplomaticstanceto“leadresolutionstoglobalchallengesthroughscience,technologyandinnovationandrealizeafavorableinternationalenvironment”(clearlypositionscienceandtechnologydiplomacyasthenewaxisofJapanesediplomacy).

2. Buildamechanismtorapidlyidentifythe“nextchallenges”oftheinternationalcommunitywhichwillbeimportantinthefutureandforwhichJapancanreadilyexerciseleadership.

3. Inlightoftheidentifiedissues,setadiplomaticagendabasedonscientificevidence,andleadinternationalefforts.

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Recommendations(cont’d)(2)Strengthencooperativerelationshipswithcountriessuchasemerging

economiesandpartnercountrieswithhighdiplomaticimportance4. Promotestrategicjointresearchanddevelopmentwithpartnercountrieswithhigh

diplomaticimportance.5. AlongwithpromotingoverseasactivitiesofJapanesecompanies,activelysupport

capacityimprovementindesigningpoliciesonscienceandtechnologyinnovation,andthedevelopmentofinnovativehumanresources,inemergingeconomies.

6. StrengthencooperationwithemerginganddevelopingcountriesthroughtriangularcooperationthatutilizesODAcoordinatedwiththirdcountriesortheScienceandTechnologyResearchPartnershipforSustainableDevelopment(SATREPS)program,andmoveaheadwithsettingupstrategicjointprojectswithemphasisoninnovationforemergingeconomiesandODAgraduatecountries.

7. Strengthenhumanresourcesdevelopmentcooperation(assistanceforengineeringuniversitiesetc.)andproceedwithnext‐generationnetwork‐building.

8. Utilizescienceandtechnologyhumanresourcespersonnelindiplomaticactivitiesthroughprivate‐sectorexchanges.

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Recommendations(cont’d)

3. ReinforcementofthebasisandhumanresourcedevelopmentfortheeffectivepromotionofS&Tdiplomacy

(1)Strengthentheutilizationofscientificknowledgeinformulatingandimplementingdiplomaticpolicy

9. AppointascienceandtechnologyadvisortotheMinisterforForeignAffairsonatrialbasis.

10. Buildnetworksinandoutofthenationforstrengtheningcoordinationwithrelevantministries,organizations,academicexpertsandtheindustrialcommunity,andformulateastructureforassistingtheMinisterforForeignAffairs’scienceandtechnologyadvisor.

11. Seektobolsterthecapacitiesandpersonnelnumbersattheembassiesandconsulatesinchargeofscienceandtechnology(includingstrengtheninginformation‐sharingandcoordinationwithheadquartersandotherdiplomaticmissions,andenhancingtrainingopportunities).

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Recommendations(cont’d)(2)Develophumanresourcesforsupportingscienceandtechnology

diplomacy12. Havemid‐carrierandyoungresearchersparticipateinformulatingdiplomaticpolicy

(throughworkattheMinistryofForeignAffairs,assistthescienceandtechnologyadvisor,andbysendingthemtointernationalorganizations).

(3)Strengtheningnetworksanddisseminationofinformation13. ProactivelyconveythemessagethatJapanwill“leadresolutionstoglobalchallenges

throughscienceandtechnologyinnovationandrealizeafavorableinternationalenvironment”totheinternationalcommunityatahighlevel,includingthePrimeMinisterandtheMinisterforForeignAffairs.

14. Strategicallytargetinfluentialscienceandtechnology‐relatedorganizationswhilepromotingintellectualexchange,andstrengthenthescienceandtechnologydiplomacynetwork.

15. StrengthendisseminationofJapan’sscienceandtechnologyinformationabroadbydispatchingscientistsandpursuingcoordinationwithexhibitionfacilitiesathomeandabroad(e.g.JapanHouse). 10

AppointmentofthefirstS&TAdvisortotheMinisterforForeignAffairs(Sept.2015)

RecommendationNo9:“AppointaS&TadvisortotheMinisterofMOFAonatrialbasis,todevelopInstitutionalschemefortimelyinputtotheminister,bywhichtheinformation…willbereflectedtothepolicy‐making.”

ExpectedRolesofS&TAdvisor:

SupportMinister'sactivitiesthroughtheutilizationofS&T

StrengthennetworkwithScienceAdvisors,scientistsandresearchersabroad

GiveadvicetoMinistersanddivisionsinMOFAonutilizationofS&T inplanningandformulatingdiplomaticpolicies

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2. FollowingUptheReport

Dr.Teruo KishiProf.EmeritusoftheUniv.ofTokyo

Ministries Agencies

TheScienceandTechnologyDiplomacyAdvisoryNetwork(December16,2015)RecommendationNo10:“Buildnetworksinandoutofthenationforstrengtheningcoordinationwithrelevantministries,organizations,academicexpertsandtheindustrialcommunity,andformulateastructureforassistingtheMinisterforForeignAffairs’scienceandtechnologyadvisor”Objectives: GatherspecializedknowledgeinavarietyofS&T fieldsfortheAdvisor Utilizeitintheprocessofplanningandformulatingvariousdiplomaticpolicies

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2. FollowingUptheReport

p )

TheAdvisoryBoardforthePromotionofSTD (17academicexperts)

Relevantpublicorganizationsconcerned

withSTD

Specialistsinindividualfields

ICT

EngineeringBiology Poli–sci

Law

Academies(Science&Humanities)

MinisterforForeignAffairsRelevantdivisions

inMOFA

・・・ ・・・

S&T AdvisortotheMinister

TheScienceandTechnologyDiplomacyAdvisoryNetwork

Respondtoglobalchallengesandutilizingdiplomaticopportunities Variousdiplomaticopportunitiesto

convey/practiceJapan’swillfortakingleadershipforsolvingglobalchallengesbySTItoachievedesirableinternationalcircumstancestotheworld.

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3. UpcomingAgenda

G7 JAPAN2016Ise‐Shima (May)G7ForeignMinisters’Meeting(April)

G7 S&T Ministers’Meeting(May)

UNSDGs/2030Agenda OECD

…andotherregionalandbilaterallevelmeetings

Reinforcecooperationwithdiplomaticallyimportantpartner&emergingstates Promotestrategicrelationship‐buildingwithpartnercountries

withhighdiplomaticimportancemainlyonadvancedS&T PositionSTIcooperationasanewaxisofJapan'sdiplomacyto

cooperatewithemerging/developingcountries Promoteconfidence‐buildingonTrack1.5or2withthe

participationofscientistsincaseofdifficultyinbuildingcooperativerelationshipatgovernmentallevel

TICAD‐VI(TokyoInternationalConference

onAfricanDevelopment)

S&T Cooperation for US-JAPAN Alliance (1)

• Cooperation in Key S&T Areas1. Cyber Security and Governance

2. New and Sustainable Energy Mission Innovation

ITER, ILC, Hydrogen, etc

3. Space ISS, Exploration, Observation, SSA and Governance

4. Health Science Big Data, Data Science

Gene Bank and Rules and Regulations

5. Arctic Research and Observation

Sustainable Development

Governance 14

S&T Diplomacy for US-JAPAN Alliance (2)

• Strategic Cooperation in Geopolitical Area1. Okinawa Research, Health Services

Big Data and Cyber Security

STEM

Network among Hawaii, Guam, and Okinawa

2. ASEAN Myanmar, Vietnam, Philippines, Indonesia

3. North Korea

4. Iran

5. Russia

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S&T for US-JAPAN Alliance

• Defense Technology Development Joint Development

Horizon scanning and Technology roadmap

Capacity Building: Procurement, Project management

Governance mechanism

• Dual-Use Technology Development Standards, Regulation Harmonization

Joint Development, DARPA joint projects

• Humanitarian Assistance / Disaster Relief Capacity Building in ASEAN and other developing nations

Technology and System Development

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Thank you for your attention.

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