Spinal anatomy and biomechanics
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Transcript of Spinal anatomy and biomechanics
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SPINAL ANATOMY AND BIOMECHANICS
Dr A Verma
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ANATOMY
• Bone– Column– Regional
• Intervertebral Disc• Joints• Ligaments• Muscles
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• Body• Neural arch• Bony processes
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INTERVERTEBRAL DISC• Location• Structure• Function• Total – 23 discs• ¼ th of the spinal
column's length• Avascular • Nutrients diffuse
through end plates
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DISC STRUCTURE
• Nucleus• Annulus• End plates
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DISC FUNCTION
• Separation• Mobility
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JOINTS
THREE JOINT COMPLEX• Intervertebral Joint• Facet Joints
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LIGAMENTS
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MUSCLES
• Back muscles• Accessory muscles
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SPINAL SEGMENT
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FUNCTIONAL SPINAL UNIT
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BIOMECHANICS OF SPINE
CARDINAL MOVEMENTS• Flexion-extension• Compression• Axial rotation• Lateral flexion
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Types of motion
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FLEXION - EXTENSION• Two components– Sagittal rotation - 6 - 10°– Resisted by• Annulus• Facets• Ligaments
•Back Muscles– Translation - 2mm– Resisted by• Facets• Annulus
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COMPRESSION
• Underestimated!!!!• Produced by– Body weight– Back muscles
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AXIAL ROTATION
• No primary rotators• Range - < 3°• Resisted by – Facets– annulus
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SUMMARY
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THANK YOU