SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist...
-
Upload
blake-booker -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
0
Transcript of SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist...
![Page 1: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY
Ramin Mohseni
Speech and Language pathologist
December 2014
![Page 2: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
INTRODUCTION
Speech & Language Pathology is the science of assessment, therapy and consultant of speech, language & swallowing disorders.
It related with: _ Neurology _ ENT _ Pediatric _ Psychology _ NICU/ICU
![Page 3: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
IMPORTANT FACTORS IN SPEECH:
Brain
Hearing
Breathing
Phonation
Resonation
Articulation
![Page 4: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
INTRODUCTION
Prematurity:
• Defined by some according to birth weight under approximately 5.5 pounds or age being born before 37 weeks of gestation
• A premature infant’s organs are not fully developed.
• Infants usually cannot coordinate sucking and swallowing before 34 weeks gestation.
• Prematurity can have long – term effects.
![Page 5: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
INTRODUCTION
They have medical, developmental, or behavioral problems
A premature baby may have feeding tube.
In United States %8.2
In Iran %9.6-%11.8
![Page 6: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PREMATURE INFANTS ARE AT RISK OF:
Feeding & Swallowing Disorders
Congenital Disorders
Neurological Disorders
Developmental Disorders
Long- Term Psychological and Social problems
Dysfunction at school
![Page 7: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SWALLOWING Swallowing involves coordination of the sequence of
activation and inhibition for more than 25 pairs of muscles in the mouth, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus.
![Page 8: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SWALLOWING Normal swallowing :
1. Oral Preparatory Phase
2. Oral Phase
3. Pharyngeal Phase
4. Esophageal Phase
![Page 9: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SWALLOWING Oral reflexes: ( is essential information for clinicians
working with newborns and infants in their first year of life who swallowing problems)
Rooting reflex (0 - 6m) Sucking ref. (0 - 12m) Bite ref. (0 – 12m) Tongue ref. (0 – 18m) Swallowing ref. (0 up to end of life ) Gag ref. (0 up to end of life )
The presence or absence of specific primitive reflexes can indicate a infant’s neurological stability and potential for swallowing disorders.
![Page 10: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
FEEDING DEVELOPMENTS:
1. Suckling
2. Sucking
3. Transitional Feeding Period
4. Munching
5. Chewing
![Page 11: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SWALLOWING
Problems feeding :
Trouble sucking
Premature spillage
Coordinating swallowing and breathing (Problem in Oral-Motor Movement )
o The premature infant’s underdeveloped lungs and airway can add life-threatening complications.
o Newborns with respiratory problems have greater risk for swallowing problems, and newborns with swallowing problems have greater risk for respiratory problems.
![Page 12: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SWALLOWING
Problems feeding : Poor Intake
Fatigue with Feeding
Delayed Feeding Skills
Lower of oral motor skills
Hyper Sensitivity
![Page 13: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
CONGENITAL DISORDERS
Clefts of the lip and palate
(Cause of swallowing problems)
![Page 14: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Central Nervous System is not fully prepared to function because of:
Smaller hippocampus
Lower gray-to-white-matter ratio
Smaller cerebellum
![Page 15: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
Cerebral palsy(Spastic diplegia) Brain Damage Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH) Mental retardation Hearing Loss Visual Impairment Hydrocephalus
![Page 16: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS:
Perceptual & Cognitive Development
Language Development
Motor Development
![Page 17: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
PERCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT
Maturation of the brain determine infants’ abilities to perceive and produce sound
Speech perception refers to infants’ attention to phonemes, rhythm, prosody, and lexical features
The first step of perceptual development is mothers’ sound distinguish than other sounds
![Page 18: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
Abstract reasoning
Judgment
Problem solving
![Page 19: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT IN NORMAL CHILDREN:
Communication Skills: Auditory System Visual System Verbal Symbolic System
Speech Production:
Academic Learning Social Communication
![Page 20: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
PREVERBAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENTS :
Basic biological noises (0-2 month)
Cooing & Laughing (1-4 month)
Vocal Play (3-8 month)
Babbling (5-10 month)
Melodic Utterance (9-18 month)
![Page 21: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT
Assess receptive language skills
Assess expressive language skills
Assess articulation skills
![Page 22: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SPEECH & LANGUAGE DIFFICULTIES:
Impaired verbal comprehension skills Absence of words by age 18 mounts Absence of meaningful two word phrases by
age 2 years Echolalia Poor speech intelligibility Word – finding Short – term memory skills Delayed development of play skills Developmental apraxia of speech Tendency toward development of LD
![Page 23: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
MOTOR DEVELOPMENTS:
Delay in areas of gross to fine motor
![Page 24: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
SCHOOL FUNCTION(LD):
Problem in Reading
Problem in Mathematics
Deficit in Spelling
Lower Academic Achievement
Poorer Functional Performance
![Page 25: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
LANGUAGE DISORDER INTERVENTION:
o Early intervention program.
o Provide language development activities.
o Work with parents, caregivers, and teachers to provide language development activities.
![Page 26: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
CONCLUSION:
Referring time
Role of speech and language pathologist
Family and Caregivers
Teamwork
![Page 27: SPEECH AND LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY IN PREMATURITY Ramin Mohseni Speech and Language pathologist ra_mohseni@yahoo.com December 2014.](https://reader035.fdocuments.in/reader035/viewer/2022062421/56649dc85503460f94abd2ab/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Tomorrow’s Success Begins Today