Specification Based Techniques

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Equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis 6

Decision tables 8

Cause-effect graph 10

State transition testing 12

Classification tree method 14

Pairwise testing 16

Use case testing 20

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(black

box methods) Specification based

techniques.

.

(system testing)

(acceptance testing)

.

.

(requirements specification

documents)

.

specification based techniques

(test cases) .

(internal workings)

black box test,

.


(system testing).

(component testing) (component integration)


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,

. ,

.

,

specification based

techniques.


.

,

.

specification based technique

:

1. ;2. ;3. ;4. ;

(domain)

.

(Equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis, Pairwise testing)


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5

.

.

100%

.

:

1. Equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis2. Decision tables3. Cause-effect graph4. State transition testing5. Classification tree method6. Pairwise testing7. Use case testing


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Equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis

.

.

.

2 .

. equivalence

partitioning .

.

.

.

. domain

valid invalid .

valid Invalid .

.

,

1-1000. . valid

1-1000 2 invalid , 1


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1000,

.

coverage

.

(input domain) .

Boundary value

.

1-1000.

boundary value

0 999 2

1001.

. -

(open boundaries).

,

.

equivalence partitioning boundary value analysis,

test, . ,

.


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Decision tables

(decision table)

(actions)

.

.

(input conditions)

true false.

.

1 T T F F

2 T F T F

1 T T F F

2 T T T F

. ,

,

.

2^n , n o .

true false

.

.

:

1.


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.

cause-effect graph.

,

Cause , , id.

Effect , ,

id.

Intermediate , , .

id C

o cause , effected intermediate

.

, causes

effects.

, V causes AND true effect true.

OR Negation.

C1

C2

C3

E71

E70

E72

I11


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,

Transition T1 T2 T3 T4

S1 S1 S2 S3

I1 I2 I2 I1

O1 O2 O3 O1

S2 S3 S1 S2

.

,

1 +

3

3

3 Bib + 2

2

2 + 1

.

coverage

.


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Classification tree method

(classification tree)

.

.

,

.

.

(leafs) .

.

.

, .

.

.

,

, .

.

,

.

,

.

.


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Pairwise testing

pairwise testing

(configuration).

,

1. browsers2. 3.

1

2

3


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3*4*4=24

.

,

1. (, )2. (, , marketing, ,

)

3. (, )4. (, , , )

2*5*2*4=80 .

.

.

pairwise testing

.

.

Leonhard euler.

2

.


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,

1 1 1

1 2 2

2 1 22 2 1

2 1 2:

(1,1);(1,2)(2,1);(2,2)

, .

:

(N,s1k1 s2k2,t)

,

= .

s= .

= s.

t= (strength), t s*t

. ( 2 ).

,

(72, 25 33 41 67) 72 , 5 2

, 3 3 1 4

7 6 , 16

.


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.

,

,

1. (, , )2. (, , )3. (, , )4. (, , )

4 3 .

sk=34.

:

1 1 1 1

1 2 2 3

1 3 3 2

2 1 2 2

2 2 3 1

2 3 1 3

3 1 3 3

3 2 1 2

3 3 2 1


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.

9 81

100%

pairwise testing

Use Case Testing

use case 1992 Ivan

Jacobsen

.

use case

(actor).

(actions) .

.


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.

use cases

standard.

Use Case: To use case.

: use case.

:

:

use case

: use cases

?

use case

;

,

.

,

.

. use case

. specification based techniques partitioning and


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boundary analysis, pair wise testing

.

y Anne Mette Jonassen Hass, Guide to Advanced Software Testingy http://istqb.org/display/ISTQB/Homey Matthias Grochtmann, Test Case Design Using Classification Treesy ,

Specification Based Techniques

Documents

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