Speaking in Small Group-s

7/27/2019 Speaking in Small Group-s

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SPEAKING IN SMALLGROUPS

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Small Groups:

Have A Limited Number OfMembers

3 To 12

Have A Specific Purpose ForMeeting

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Problem-solving Small

Group Formed To Solve A Particular

Problem

Involves Many Skills Similar ToThose In Public Speaking

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To Be Productive, A SmallGroup Needs EffectiveLeadership

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Kinds OfLeadership

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No Specific Leader

Any Member Of The Group CanProvide Leadership

At Times, Every Member Of

The Group Will FulfillLeadership Roles

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Implied Leader

Might Have Highest Rank InThe Group

May Have Most Experience &Expertise On The Topic

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Emergent Leader

People Who, By Personality Or

Ability, Assume LeadershipRoles

Ideally, Will Help The Group

Achieve Its Objectives

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Designated Leader

Assigned Or Elected

Formal Committees Normally

Have A Designated Leader AsChairperson

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3 Kinds OfLeadership

Needs

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Procedural

Needs Housekeeping

Needs Of The

Group

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Procedural Needs Include: Organizing

Meetings, Setting Agendas,Taking Notes, PreparingHandouts, Etc. Handled By A DesignatedLeader Or Designated To A

Number Of GroupMembers

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Task NeedsSubstantiveActions ThatHelp The GroupComplete ItsProject

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Task NeedsInclude: Analyzing IssuesFacing The Group, Collecting

Information, Keeping TheGroup On Task, Helping TheGroup Reach Consensus, Etc.

If These Needs Are Not Met,The Group Will Not BeSuccessful

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Maintenance Needs

Include: Creating A SupportiveEnvironment, Managing Conflict

Among Group Members, Helping

Group Members Feel GoodAbout Accomplishments, Etc.

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FiveResponsibilities Of

Group Membership

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Commit YourselfTo The Goals OfThe Group

Align Personal GoalsWith Group GoalsHidden Agendas

Can Be ExtremelyDamaging To GroupProgress

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HiddenAgenda

A set ofunstatedindividualgoals

that mayconflict withthe goals ofthe group as a

whole.


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Fulfill IndividualAssignmentsOne Advantage Of Working InA Group Is Division Of LaborGroup Effectiveness Depends

Upon Individuals FulfillingSpecific Assignments

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No Matter What Other

Assignments EachMember Has, The MostVital Is Listening

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Effective Listening PreventsConfusion

Effective ListeningAllows EachGroup Member To Evaluate The

Ideas Of Other Group MembersEffective Listening Establishes A

Positive Climate For Discussion

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Avoid Interpersonal Conflicts

Personal DisagreementsDecrease Group EffectivenessDisagreements Within A GroupShould Be Kept On Task Level,Rather Than On A PersonalLevel

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Encourage FullParticipation In The GroupListen Attentively To OtherGroup Members

Invite Quiet Members To SpeakOffer Supportive Comments ToOther Members

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Keep The Groups DiscussionOn Track

Make Sure The Discussion IsProceeding In An Orderly FashionFrom One Issue To Another

Make Sure The Group Does NotMake Hasty Or Ill - ConsideredDecisions

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The Reflective-Thinking Method

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An Effective 5 - Step MethodFor Organizing DiscussionIn Problem - Solving Small

Groups

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Define The Problem Phrase It As A Question

Of Policy

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4 Guidelines: Make The Question As Clear

& Specific As Possible Allow For A Wide Variety Of

Answers Avoid Biased Or Slanted

Questions Pose Only A Single Question

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Make the QuestionClear and Specific

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Ineffective:

What should be done aboutfraudulent?

More Effective:What should the federal governmentdo to control the activities offraudulent financial institutions?


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Analyze The ProblemPay Special Attention To

2 Questions: How Severe Is The

Problem? What Are The Causes

Of The Problem?

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Establish Criteria For The

SolutionA Vital Means For The Group ToJudge The Appropriateness And

Practicality Of PotentialSolutions

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Generate PotentialSolutions

Goal: To Come Up With TheWidest Range Of Solutions

Create AMaster List Of AllPotential Solutions

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Select The Best SolutionAssess Each Potential SolutionIn Light Of The EstablishedCriteria

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Select The Best SolutionTry To Reach ConsensusConsensus Decisions UsuallyResult In Superior

Decisions And IncreasedUnityWithin The Group

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Presenting TheRecommendations Of TheGroup

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Written ReportA paper

presenting thefindings,conclusions,decisions, etc. of asmall group.

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Oral ReportMuch The Same ContentWise To The Written

ReportDelivered By OneMember Of The Group

Should Be ApproachedLike Any Other Speech

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SymposiumConsists Of A

Moderator AndSeveral Speakers

Seated In Front OfAn Audience

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SymposiumModerator Introduces The TopicAnd The Speakers

Each Speaker Delivers A

Prepared Speech On One AspectOf The Topic

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Symposium

Should Be Carefully Prepared ToCover All Important Aspects OfThe Groups Project

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Panel DiscussionEssentially A Conversation InFront Of An Audience

Moderator Introduces ThePanelists An Keeps TheDiscussion On Track

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Panel DiscussionPanelists Speak Briefly,Informally, & Impromptu

Requires Serious PreparationStudy TopicMap Out IdeasEstablish Agenda ForDiscussion

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The End

Speaking in Small Group-s

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