PowerPoint Presentation

Conflict in Spain

(1898-1939)

Vocabulary-Page 196

Unrest: Agitacin

Caciquism: Caciquismo-the rule of local chiefs and bosses

Strikes: Huelga

Election Rigging

Harshly Repressed: Reprimidas

Turbulent: Turbulento

Landscape: Paisaje

Decline of the Spanish dynasty (1898-1917)

Alfonso XIII gained control of Spain in 1902

There was social unrest, and conservatives and liberals wanted to end political corruption and caciquism in the regenerationism movement

The two parties were unstable, and so these reforms were impossible to implement

Jos Canalejas was a liberal who made several reforms like decentralization of the Spanish government

Crisis of 1917

Turbulence in Spain in 1917 led to protest movements due to:

Public was dissatisfied with the government and Eduardo Dato

Poverty of the lower classes

Discontent in the army because of the Rif War

Opposition parties demanded the government's resignation

Military juntas censored the government's politics

CNT and UGT unions wanted a strike

Deteriorating social and political landscape in Spain

Vocabulary-Pages 198 & 199

Faced with: Enfrentarse

Joined together: se unieron

Became: Convirti

Split from: Separar

Hired gunmen: Sicario

Threat: Amenaza

Mounted: Montar

Prompted: Dar pie a

Targeted: Dirigirse

Crisis in the dynasty and the dictatorship

Politicians from different parties joined together to form governments, but they couldn't establish a new system

Unions became more powerful

Laborers and peasants revolted

Trienio Bolchevique (1918-1921): Laborers clashed with police when they organized strikes, occupied land and divided large estates

Pistolerismo: Movement when the government hired gunmen to fight the leaders of the labor movement who organized workers to strike

At The Battle of Annual in the Rif more than 12,000 Spaniards were killedA commission found that the military leaders and monarchy were at fault for these deaths, so there was a coup led by members of the military

Cartoon from a magazine, 1920, Page 198

Primo de Riveras Dictatorship (1923-1931)

In 1923 Captain-General of Catalonia Miguel Primo de Rivera led a military coup and established a military dictatorship

New military dictatorship tried to change many things like:The system by suspending the Constitution and dissolving the Pariament and political parties and unions

Press was censored and intellectuals were targeted

Workers' organizations that supported a revolution became illegal

Nationalists were repressed, and only Spanish could be spoken in public

Spain sent additional troops to end the Rif War and they secured the territory in 1927

The Civil Government

In 1925, a civil government was established

The strong international economy allowed the Spanish government to implement a planned economy

In 1929, the economic crisis began to affect Spain as well

Primo de Rivera resigned in January 1920 due to pressure from an increasingly hostile public

Alfonso XIII then named General Berenguer president, and the government under Berenguer was known as dictablanda

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